Former residence of Gong Zizhen

Former residence of Gong Zizhen

Gong Zizhen's former residence: located at No.50 Shangxie street outside Xuanwu Gate, Gong Zizhen, a thinker and historian of the late Qing Dynasty, lived here for five years. When he left, he sold the house to pan Shicheng, a native of Panyu in Guangdong Province. Pan presented it to Panyu's Association in Beijing, and the courtyard was changed into Panyu's Association in Guangdong Province.

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Brief introduction of Gong Zizhen's former residence

Address: No.50 Shangxie street, xuanwumenwai

21 handkerchief Hutong, Xicheng District

Hangzhou east Mapo Lane No.6 small mining park

21 handkerchief Hutong, Xicheng District, one of Gong Zizhen's residences in Beijing. The former residence faces south, three into the courtyard, and the East and west across the courtyard. There are three North rooms in the front yard, two ear rooms on both sides and three East and West rooms. In that year, there were Daoguang imperial pen "Fu" plaque and "gengdutang" craftsman. The former residence is basically unchanged.

Celebrity profile

Gong Zizhen (1792-1841) was born in Renhe, Zhejiang Province. He is good at poetry and prose, and has his own family, known as "Gong school". He resigned and returned home in 1839.

Gong Zizhen is a progressive thinker, famous poet and writer in modern China. He was erudite, concerned about the future and destiny of the nation, fully supported Lin Zexu's ban on smoking, and wrote many political articles criticizing and exposing the dark reality of feudal society. Gong Zizhen's house has a house in front and a garden behind. In 1831, he sold the house to pan Shicheng, a native of Panyu County, Guangdong Province. Later, pan presented it to his fellow countrymen's Association and became the Panyu guild hall. Now it is a key cultural relic protection unit.

Former residence in Beijing

The origin of place names

Gong Zizhen's former residence: located at No.50 Shangxie street outside Xuanwu Gate, Gong Zizhen, a thinker and historian of the late Qing Dynasty, lived here for five years. When he left, he sold the house to pan Shicheng, a native of Panyu in Guangdong Province. Pan presented it to Panyu's Association in Beijing, and the courtyard was changed into Panyu's Association in Guangdong Province. The gate, back garden, stage, rockery and pavilions of the house have disappeared. Now only the West Wing house and two North houses are left, which have been converted into folk houses. It has been designated as a cultural relic protection unit in Xuanwu District.

Folk memory

There used to be pavilions, theatres and rockeries

Pan Yankang (74 years old, born in Gong Zizhen's former residence, living up to now)

When I was a child, I heard my grandmother say that my grandfather lived here when he went to Beijing to take the exam during the reign of Guangxu. My grandfather knows the principal of Panyu guild hall. It seems that his surname is pan. My family paid for the club room every month, and I've lived here ever since. My father was born here, too.

It turns out that the guild hall has two doors, red and purple, inlaid with Phnom Penh. There is a sign on it that says "Guangdong Panyu guild hall". There are two stone lions in front of the door. In the south, there are back gardens, pavilions, theatres, rockeries, lilac trees and jujube trees. My wife often takes our children to play in the back garden. During the "Cultural Revolution", doors, theatres and pavilions were all lost. When the earthquake happened in 1976, many people had no place to live, so they built houses in the open space of the yard, which is what you see now. At first, there were about ten families living here. Now, there are almost fifty or sixty families here.

Government voice

At present, it can only be said to be "saved"

Jia Wenjing (chief of cultural relics section, Xuanwu District government, Beijing)

Although the cultural relics department of Xuanwu District has designated Gong Zizhen's former residence as a cultural relic protection unit at the district level, its current status can not be called protection, only preservation.

Not only Gong Zizhen's former residence, Xuanwu District's former residence and guild hall account for a large proportion of the whole city, but the preservation status is also very poor. On the one hand, there are many problems left over by history. For example, in the 1950s and 1960s, a large number of residents were arranged to live in it. To restore it, the residents had to vacate. The government's usual practice is to combine the renovation of dangerous houses. On the other hand, there is the problem of funds, which we can only carry out in a planned way according to the annual fund situation.

Since 2003, Ji Xiaolan's former residence has been repaired, and the time-honored deshoutang drugstore and Changchun temple have been repaired last year. Xuanwu District has a "Xuanwu District ancient capital landscape protection plan", which has been listed as cultural relics of the local and its surrounding environment renovation program. It is planned that most of these works will be completed before 2008 to restore the cultural context and cultural landscape of Xuanwu District.

interview with an expert

Gong Zizhen is a visionary social reformer

Li Changli (Professor, Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

Q: how do you view Gong Zizhen's historical influence?

A: in the history of the Qing Dynasty, Gong Zigong was a farsighted social reformer who always criticized the current politics with sharp poems and essays with the attitude of "everyone is drunk and I wake up alone". We all know that the application of Confucian classics is an important and mainstream school in the late Qing Dynasty, and Gong Zizhen is a key figure in the evolution of Confucian classics in the Qing Dynasty. He was the pioneer of "making political comments with Confucian classics" in the late Qing Dynasty, and had a great influence on Liang Qichao and Kang Youwei of the reformers. On the other hand, Gong Zizhen's poems are very good, but few people seem to inherit his style.

Q: what are his academic achievements?

A: to put it simply, Gong Zizhen made some creative interpretations of some parts of the ancient classics that had practical significance and positive content in the society at that time. For example, the study of classical Chinese literature focuses more on the academic itself, so the academic atmosphere is very simple, while the study of modern Chinese literature focuses more on politics, which is not in line with the meaning itself. Therefore, he advocates that the academic circles should break the sectarian view that the situation is like water and fire. Secondly, he improved Gongyang School to make it more suitable for reforming thought and criticizing autocracy. Of course, all his life, he has been engaged in philosophical exploration. Although he has not formed a complete system, he mostly focuses on the goal of social reform, which is very practical and purposeful.

According to reports, there used to be a gate in the north, two purplish red wooden doors. Now, the door has been sealed and extended out for more than 1 meter to build a house. The back garden, stage, rockery and pavilions in the south of the courtyard also disappeared in the 1960s. No. 50 courtyard has been separated from the West Wing room corresponding to the two North rooms, and the remaining two North rooms, eaves and walls, are separated

There are still some shadows of the old house in the windows, but the doors are replaced with glass, or pasted with plastic paper. There are five rooms in the north and two in the West. Most of the people who live in the old houses now are old residents who have lived in the old houses for more than three generations. Most of the residents living in the back built houses moved in after the 1976 Tangshan earthquake. It is said that at that time, as long as I told the house management, I could build a small room in the yard. Gradually, the courtyard became what it is now.

Hangzhou former residence

Gong Zizhen memorial is located in Xiaocai garden, no.6, Mapo lane, east of Hangzhou City, covering an area of more than 600 square meters. It opened in 1990. Gong Zizhen, a thinker and writer in Qing Dynasty, was born in Renhe, Zhejiang Province. He, together with Lin Zexu and others, initiated the progressive thought of criticizing the current situation, resisting foreign aggression, and applying the classics. He was praised by Liu Yazi as "the first class in three hundred years".

Gong Zizhen memorial hall was built in the late Qing Dynasty. It is a Chinese style house. It was built by Wang Wei of Tongxiang in the Qing Dynasty. It is commonly known as Xiaomi garden. Gong Zizhen, a famous thinker and writer in Qing Dynasty, was born in Mapo lane. Gong Zizhen (1792-1841) was a Jinshi in the ninth year of Daoguang. Official to cabinet secretary, Minister of rites, etc. In the academic affairs Expo, his poems and essays strongly advocated the reform and strengthening of the law, and "based on the state affairs, the state affairs, the social situation and the people's seclusion", "reciting historical records, examining anecdotes, and commenting generously on the affairs of the world". He is the author of Ding'an's anthology, and today's editor of Gong Zizhen's anthology. Although Gong Zizhen went to Beijing with her father at the age of 11, lived outside for a long time, and returned to Hangzhou a few times, his nostalgia for his hometown is often revealed in the poem, "who will talk about ancient foreign countries from now on, and the setting sun will stand outside Mapu lane.". From 1988 to 1989, Xiaomi garden was renovated as Gong Zizhen Memorial Hall. The Museum covers an area of about 0.7 hectares, with a construction area of 498 square meters. It has been listed as a municipal cultural relics protection unit.

The main body of the memorial is a two-story building of Qing Dynasty style, with five rooms up and down, ears, carved beams and painted buildings, simple and elegant. In the main hall of the museum, there is an ancient bronze statue of Gong Zizhen, surrounded by plaques and couplets written by famous artists such as Sha Menghai and Zhao Puchu. Four exhibition rooms display a brief introduction of Gong Zizhen's life, chronology of major events, historical materials, Gong's chronology, selected poems and anthologies of later generations. In the courtyard, small bridges, flowing water, rockery pavilions and pavilions, set off by flowers and trees, are full of the characteristics of classical gardens. His works are especially popular with old people.

Looking for the former residence

It took a lot of trouble to visit Gong Zizhen's former residence.

According to the book, Gong's house is in handkerchief Hutong. But there are four handkerchiefs in Beijing: one in Guangnei, one in chongwai, one at Xidan intersection and one in Dongzhimen. Guangnei and chongwai are rarely possible, so we first came to Xidan Street, but that handkerchief has been lost due to the expansion of the road. I found the handkerchief in dongnei, but it had nothing to do with Gong.

After checking the local chronicles, we found that his former residence was located in xuanwai. In the handkerchief that was lost, there was the "tears" of the young Gong. I found yard 50, Shangxie street, xuanwai. If there were no records, no one would connect this place with Gong. There is no trace of the former ostentation of the official family, such as carved beams and painted buildings, painting and so on; there is no trace of the elegant environment like pavilions and pavilions facing each other, the corridor turning around, and the winding path leading to seclusion; there is no trace of Gong's favorite "knot"

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