Former residence of Wang Guowei

Wang Guowei's former residence is located in zhoujiadou, Ximen nei, Yanguan Town, Haining City, Zhejiang Province. It is the residence of this modern master of Chinese culture in his youth. The courtyard faces south and the building is of wood structure. There is a bronze bust of Wang Guowei in the middle of the front hall. The display is divided into three parts: the first part introduces Wang Guowei's hometown, family background and life. The second part introduces Wang Guowei's main academic achievements and displays his various works and manuscripts. The third part is the research on Wang Guowei's works by experts and scholars at home and abroad. Since the opening of the exhibition room, it has attracted many visitors and scholars.

Former residence of Wang Guowei

Wang Guowei's former residence is located in zhoujiadou, Ximen nei, Yanguan Town, Haining City, Zhejiang Province. It is the residence of a modern sinologist in his youth. The courtyard faces south and the building is of wood structure. There is a bronze bust of Wang Guowei in the middle of the front hall. The display is divided into three parts: the first part introduces Wang Guowei's hometown, family background and life. The second part introduces Wang Guowei's main academic achievements and displays his various works and manuscripts. The third part is the research on Wang Guowei's works by experts and scholars at home and abroad. Since the opening of the exhibition room, it has attracted many visitors and scholars.

Scale and pattern

The former residence faces south, 2 entrances, with a total area of about 290 square meters. The front is a flat house with three bays, and the back is a building with patio and wing room between the two entrances. The whole building has its own independent courtyard.

Wang Guowei

Wang Guowei (1877-1927), a salt official in Haining, was quiet and thoughtful since he was young. He entered a private school at the age of 5, reciting and learning to write poems. When he was 9 years old, his father went back to his hometown for his grandfather's funeral. Later, he stayed at home and taught him parallel prose and ancient and modern poetry. Wang Guowei is a 16-year-old middle-aged scholar who has just shown his talent. In the 19th (1893) and 24th years of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, he failed in the local examination twice. At the age of 22, he entered the Shanghai times, went to Dongwen society to study foreign language and physics and chemistry in his spare time, and began to get in touch with western culture. After the revolution of 1911, Wang and Luo Zhenyu went to Japan. Since then, he has mainly engaged in the research of ancient Chinese historical materials, ancient artifacts, ancient Chinese characters and phonology, especially in the textual research of oracle bone inscriptions, inscriptions on bronze, bamboo slips of Han and Jin Dynasties and the manuscripts of Tang Dynasty. Wang Guowei is one of the founders of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Dunhuang studies. His works, such as the preface to the slips of Liusha, the preface to the textual research and interpretation of the contracts of Yin Ruins, the description table of the gold inscriptions of the Song Dynasty, the textual research on the ancestors and kings in the oracle inscriptions of Yin Dynasty, and the system of yin and Zhou Dynasty, are all regarded as epoch-making works. Almost all his historical papers were invented, and later compiled into 20 volumes of Guantang Jilin. His double evidence method, which is closely related to historical documents and unearthed materials, is highly praised by academic circles at home and abroad.

Cultural relics protection units

On May 25, 2006, Wang Guowei's former residence was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Former residence in Beijing

——29 weaving and dyeing Bureau Hutong

Weaving and dyeing Bureau hutong is located in Jingshan area of Dongcheng District. Within the "shuiboji Hutong" in the west of beiheyan street, it starts from "shuiboji Hutong" in the East and ends at "dongbanqiao Street" in the West. There are some twists and turns in the middle with a length of about 300 meters. There are two branches on the south side of the Hutong leading to "Houju courtyard".

In Ming Dynasty, there was "neizhiran bureau" in Hutong, which got its name, but the word "Nei" was omitted. It was renamed "weaving and dyeing bureau" in Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty, and was renamed "weaving and dyeing Bureau Hutong" in 1965 when the place name was rectified. The so-called "Nei Zhiran bureau" indicates that the "Nei Zhiran bureau" here belongs to the Imperial Palace, which is a palace official office controlled by eunuchs. Set up "a eunuch in charge of printing, managing the books, no fixed number of supervisors in charge of the company, and using satin in charge of dyeing, making, imperial and imperial palace.". The weaving and dyeing bureau is only an administrative organ, and its subordinate units include the production site outside Chaoyang Gate - "outside factory" and the pigment base in the northwest of the city - "indigo factory". Nowadays, the "outside factory" outside Chaoyang Gate has no reason to look for, but the place name of "indigo factory" in Haidian District still exists.

In 1733, the "weaving and dyeing bureau" was rebuilt as "Songzhu Temple"; in 1751, the "weaving and dyeing bureau" was moved to the west of Wanshou mountain, near the paddy field, and the stone was erected to say "gengzhitu", and the word "weaving and dyeing bureau" on the machine was also changed to "gengzhitu"; in 1751, the "Songzhu Temple" was rebuilt, and this place became "Huayan" Temple ", now known as" weaving and dyeing Bureau primary school ", the house number is" shuiboji Hutong a 5 ".

Some people have written that there is a bronze ox on the East Bank of Kunming Lake in the summer palace, and there is a stone carving in the painting of farming and weaving on the west side of Kunming Lake, which either indicates that the ancient Chinese society was agriculture oriented and encouraged men to farm and women to weave, or implies the legend of Cowherd and weaver girl, waiting for the double crossing of Qixi bridge. Imagination is rich, legend is wonderful. However, no matter what the role of "Tongniu" is, gengzhitu is only a relic of the weaving and dyeing Bureau. It may not be the original intention of the summer palace when it was built.

Weaving and dyeing Bureau Hutong No. 29, the old house number is weaving and dyeing Bureau No. 10, north of Xikou Road, facing south. Originally, it should be a two-way house. Later, it was divided into a courtyard, and a building type street gate was built at the "Xun" position. On the west side of the street gate, there were four Inverted South houses; three North houses, with one ear room on each side; both the South house and the north house were ridged tile houses with front porches.

In June 1923, when Wang Guowei, a master of Sinology, took up the post of "walking in the South study" of Puyi, the emperor of the Qing Dynasty, he moved to No. 10 of the weaving and dyeing Bureau; in April 1925, Wang Guowei was appointed as a teacher by Wu Mi, the director of Tsinghua Sinology Research Institute, and moved to No. 17 and No. 18 of the West courtyard of Tsinghua garden. Wang Guowei lived in No. 10 of the weaving and dyeing Bureau for nearly two years.

Now, due to the Yu river reconstruction project, No. 29 of weaving and dyeing Bureau Hutong has been demolished.

Haining four talents

Wang Guowei (1877-1927), a famous scholar, was born in Haining, Zhejiang Province.

The Wang family of Haining originated in Kaifeng, Henan Province. After "the difficulty of Jingkang", Wang Guowei's distant ancestor lived in Haining with song Gaozong in the south. Wang Guowei was a 7-year-old kaimeng. At the age of 15, he was ranked first among the "four talents of Haining". At the age of 16, he passed the examination as a scholar.

Wang Guowei studied philosophy and literature in his early years. He said: "the nature of Yu is that if you want to be a philosopher, you will feel more bitter and know less bitter; if you want to be a poet, you will feel less emotional and more rational. Poetry? Philosophy? I don't know what will end up with me in the future, or is it between the two? " Wang Guowei began to teach philosophy, psychology and logic in Tongzhou, Suzhou and other normal schools in 1903, and wrote Jing'an anthology. In the 33rd year of Guangxu, he began to work in the library of the Ministry of education, engaged in the study of the history of Chinese opera and CI Qu, and wrote Qu Lu, a textual research of song and Yuan opera, human CI Hua, etc.

After the revolution of 1911

After the revolution of 1911, Wang Guowei used to be a relic of the Qing Dynasty. His clothes were the same as before, with a braid behind his head, a melon skin cap and a blue jacket. Compared with Gu Hongming's clothes, which are similar to those of the past, they are a little less luxurious and a little more simple.

In 1913, Wang Guowei began to work on the textual research of ancient Chinese historical materials, ancient artifacts, ancient Chinese characters and phonology, especially on oracle bone inscriptions, bronze inscriptions and bamboo slips of Han and Jin Dynasties. In the aspect of historical research, Wang Guowei advocated using underground historical materials to refer to historical documents, and he was the pioneer of "New Historiography". He said in the new evidence of ancient history: "we were born today. We are lucky to have new materials underground besides the materials on paper. From this kind of material, we can make up for the materials on paper and get new materials underground. From this kind of material, we can not only supplement and correct the materials on the paper, but also prove that some parts of the ancient books are all true records, that is to say, all the words of the hundred schools of indecent admonitions express one side of the fact. This dual evidence method is only available today. "

In April 1923, Emperor Puyi of the Qing Dynasty appointed Wang Guowei to "walk in the South study". On November 5, 1924, Feng Yuxiang sent Lu Zhonglin, commander-in-chief of the capital security, Zhang Bi, director of the police department, and Li Shi, a representative of public opinion, to expel Puyi from the palace, saying that "Wang Guowei is determined to die" and that "he has the heart of suicide, and is strictly treated and exempted by his family.".

In 1925, Wang Guowei was appointed professor of Tsinghua Academy of Chinese studies, teaching new evidence of ancient history, Shangshu, Shuowen, and the book of songs, and studying ancient history. He also worked as the collation and collation of historical materials of Northwest China and Mongolia.

On June 2, 1927, he sank in Kunming Lake, the summer palace. When Wang Li saw the wet body of Mr. Wang Guowei wrapped in a broken mat, he burst into tears and wrote "crying for Jing'an master":

Like this, where can I ask for a good teacher? The mountain is decadent, the beam is bad and the hatred is long.

When I was a child, I cried for my father, and after ten years, I cried for the public.

Mr. Wang Guowei is a master of both Chinese and Western learning in modern Chinese academic history. He is "brilliant in his youth, bright in his middle age, and profound in his old age". He has 62 life works, involving philosophy, literature, aesthetics, history, ancient philology, phonology, edition bibliography, collation, pedagogy, psychology and many other fields. All of them have made new discoveries Wang Guowei also pointed out the errors in his understanding and translation.

Mr. Guo Moruo praised Wang Guowei: "what he left us is the product of his knowledge. It's like a pavilion of Cui Wei. It's shining brilliantly on the city base of old learning for thousands of years."

Wang Guowei

Chinese PinYin : Wang Guo Wei Gu Ju