Wuzhongshan

Wuzhongshan

Wuzhongshan is a Buddhist resort on the ancient road from Sichuan to India (South Silk Road) in ancient China, formerly known as Daguangming mountain, also known as Tiancheng mountain and Wushan mountain. It is located in Wushan Township in the north of Dayi County, 25 km away from the county seat and 80 km away from Chengdu. It is located at 36 ° 42 ′ n, 103 ° 21 ′ e, with Qinglong in the East, Daping in the south, Wayao (Baihu mountain) in the West and Longwo in the north. The main peak is 1638 meters above sea level. It is located in the north of Jiulong Mountain and Jingang mountain, and in the west of Hongyan mountain. It has a radius of tens of miles and is known as 72 peak. Because it is covered by clouds and fog all the year round, it is named Wuzhong mountain. One of the eight ancient scenes in Dayi.

brief introduction

Wuzhongshan is the Taoist temple of the ancient Buddha Mitha. Its temple was built in the 16th year of Yongping (AD 73) of the Ming emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, only six years later than Baima temple, the first Buddhist temple in Luoyang.

But I think it should be the first temple that Buddhism was introduced into Han: because the Kaihua temple in wuzhongshan, Dayi County, was built only six years later than that of the eminent monks from the western regions. However, at that time, the Baima temple was a diplomatic management organization. It was first used as the residence of the eminent monks from the western regions, but later it was changed into a temple. Kaihua temple is a newly built temple.

It was first named Puzhao temple in Daguang Mingshan; in the Yonghe period of Jin Dynasty (345-356), the abbot fotucheng, an eminent monk from the western regions, extended his name to Xianying temple in Tiancheng mountain; in the Gaozong period of Tang Dynasty (650-683), Prince Sangha and monks protected Xi and restored the original name of Puzhao temple in Wuzhong mountain; until the Xuanzong period of Ming Dynasty (1426-1435), it was renamed Kaihua temple, which is still in use today. In the heyday of Wuzhong mountain, to the north of Lianghekou and to the south of Longwo, there were temples with scattered pillars and few monks living together. Yang Shen once wrote in the record of fog in Zhongshan: "Kaihua temple is the forest in the fog, and the master of Zen Buddhism.". Wu Zhongshan temple was destroyed in the rebellion of Zhang Xianzhong in the late Ming Dynasty. Most of them recovered in the Qing Dynasty, but they were destroyed during the "Cultural Revolution". Nevertheless, there are still many stone relics and ancient temples. In 1985, Chengdu municipal government listed it as a municipal cultural relics protection unit, and in 1992, it was approved as a Buddhist activity site. It is known as "Chinese Buddhist Yuanmingyuan".

history

Historical documents

According to the annals of Chihli in Qiongzhou, Wuzhong mountain is "fifty miles to the north of the county, that is, the great Guangming mountains". According to Dayi County annals · temples by Tongzhi of the Qing Dynasty, wuzhongshan is "in the north of the county, 55 Li is connected with Wangting, 60 Li is Kaihua Temple".

According to the geographical records of Dayi County in the Republic of China, "Wuzhong mountain" is located 50 miles north of the county. It is connected with Shicheng mountain, named Wushan mountain. Once upon a time, the Tathagata said, "the Daguangming mountain in Qingliang (another name of Wutai Mountain in Shanxi Province) is known as the residence of Bodhisattvas, which is called the Daguangming mountain.".

According to the inscription of Kaihua Temple written by Yang Shen of Ming Dynasty, "the mountain is always pregnant with fog, so it is named by this name.".

Cao Xuequan of the Ming Dynasty wrote "Zhiyun" (the records of Dayi County in the Ming Dynasty), which is now in Beijing Library, but is still destroyed): this mountain is often pregnant with clouds and fog, also known as Wuzhong mountain ".

Fan Ruzi of the Ming Dynasty wrote in his travels in the fog of Zhongshan: "I asked: why is the mountain named Wushan? Seng Yun: why is it always pregnant with fog. When the fog is thick and the rain is sudden, you can see that there are no peaks. The vast expanse is like the sea, and the white fog is flying in disorder. It's made of plain water, and the waves are swallowing and spitting. It's floating on the dangerous rocks. If you are wandering among the stormy islands, there is a little or two green near you. It's a strange painting of smoke and rain by Li Tang fan Kuan (a famous landscape painter in the early Song Dynasty).

Wang Qi of the Ming Dynasty wrote in his travel to Wushan: "it is often covered by clouds, so it is called fog.".

Pan Yuanyin's travel in the fog of Zhongshan Ji in the Qing Dynasty: "you stand on a high stone, look around at the clouds and mountains, mingle with each other, green and lush, and the fog color is all around. It is like a building, like a tent, like a crown, like a cloth, like flowers, like a pavilion, like a tower, like a dragon, like a horse, thick and light, high and low, rising and falling, walking and stopping, round and sharp, crossing the Great Wall, and gathering like a bun, you want to go Those who linger, those who want to come and balk, and those who can't enter, appear and disappear, all of them enter into the eyebrows and eyelashes.

Volume 45 of "Sichuan Tongzhi · Yudi · Temple" in Qing Dynasty: "this mountain is named because of its constant Yuxia fog. "Taiping Guangji" says: "there are articles about immersion and being moored.". According to the painting of Ruiying, "there is a difference between red, white, green and yellow.".

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In Ming Dynasty, Yang Shen's Kaihua Temple stele: "one hundred and eight plates of Wushan, the place of Seng Tenglan, zhuoxi.".

"Mountains come from Kunlun, with 72 peaks and 18 plates Where to start, monks can't point to Qu.

Wang Qi of the Ming Dynasty wrote the story of traveling in Wushan mountain, which said: "the mountains originated in Kunlun, with 128 plates and 72 peaks. To give a degree, the one hundred and eight plates said that the mountain stairs were crooked; the seventy-two peaks said that the mountains were stacked and rugged, and now more than half of them can't be indicated. ".

Zhang Shitang's poem "climbing Guanzi mountain" in Ming Dynasty says: "Seventy two peaks are about to leave. When they meet, they smile, but they are not even. When they come to the mountain, they write down the time of their arrival, and the year of renyin is September 9.".

There are 72 peaks in Wushan mountain.

Qing Dynasty "Qiongzhou Zhili annals · Fangyu annals · mountains and rivers" said: "Wushan has one hundred and eight plates, Jingangtai is the top, few people to.".

According to Chen Dawen's Dayi folk song in the 18th volume of Dayi County annals of the Qing Dynasty, "where is the mountain in the fog, where is the wind blowing in the sky, where are the 72 peaks, and where are the 180 plates of climbing.".

Volume 2 of geography of Dayi County in the Republic of China: "there are 72 peaks in Wuzhong mountain, and there are 108 plates.".

It looks like a blooming lotus.

Huijian, a monk of the Ming Dynasty, wrote the poem "Baolian pass": "at the beginning, the Zen pass was built on the edge of white clouds, and the terrain was like a lotus in a jade well. The root is far away, and the place where it is planted is solid, and the color is more than that of Zhou. Seven tree colors return to Si Jing, nine lotus fragrance is not heaven.

The status of Buddhism

Wuzhongshan is also the first place for the southern transmission of the Buddhist Scripture

The religious dictionary, published by Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House in 1981 and edited by Professor Ren Jiyu, contains on page 184 that the Beiye Scripture is a Buddhist Scripture written on the leaves of the Sanskrit Patra with an iron pen. From the 1st century to the 10th century, the ancient Indian Buddhists carried a large number of Baya sutras with sutras, laws and treatises to China and Nepal to promote Buddhism. The Buddhists from these places also went to India to study Buddhism and brought back a large number of Baya sutras when they returned home. Therefore, the most Sanskrit Baya sutras are found in these areas. Sichuan Buddhist culture Kaihua temple, published by Sichuan people's Publishing House in 1997 and edited by Zhao Liming and Xiao Ming, records that wuzhongshan is one of the earliest places to build temples after Indian Buddhism was introduced into China, and it is also the first place to spread the Beiye Sutra to the south.

Wuzhongshan is an ancient Buddha's Taoist temple

Wan'an of Meizhou (now Meishan County) wrote the inscription of Kaihua temple. He was a servant of Hanlin academy, a Bachelor of Wuying hall from 1510 to 1524, and a master of Jinshen hall from 1482 to 1487 Yang Tinghe and Shudan, the grand master, the Grand Master of huagaidian, the new capital of jiayouzhu state (now Xindu County, Chengdu City), said: "the Buddha is killing the corpse. When he is dying, he instructs his son Suoga to say," I will go to the Sinian after 700 years of extinction. There is a mountain called Daguangming mountain in the fog. It is actually the site of the ancient Buddha Mituo's path. It has been built by the king. It is well protected, and later the saints will come to live. ". Since then, in the Yongping year of the Ming emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, in response to the dream of the Jin Dynasty, Cai min, a minister, was sent to the west to welcome him. There were two venerable monks, moteng and flannel, both of whom were instructed by the Buddha. Later, the venerable emperor opened the mountain and made a special application for the dynasty. He ordered to build the "Puzhao temple in the fog".

In the second year of Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty, Wuzhong mountain was written by Wang tingseng Zongjing and other scholars, and Fahai book "Wuzhong mountain stele" said: "Taiji is congenital, and there is fog. It can judge the two instruments, and it can be sent from Kunlun, connecting with the spirit vultures. Seventy two peaks rush to Xiaohan, and millions of min'e are downwind. The clouds cover the top of the four seasons, and the flowers and trees are fragrant month by month, forming a blessed place, which leads to the Vatican Palace. Guangming mountain is the place where Amitabha Buddha appears, and Mingyue pool is the place "The trace of the Dragon King's protection". The inscription of Pingzhi road of Puzhao temple in Wuzhong mountain, written by Haikong and Zhengjiang in Ming Dynasty, says: "the bright mountain in the fog is the center of daqianjie and the source of Jiuling mountain. The peaks and mountains are in the sky, the green belt is surrounded by purple, the bird rhyme is clear and the wind is clear. The former ancient sage and the Buddha changed the Dharma, and later Sakyamuni asked Sakyamuni to insist on it.

specialty

Wuzhongshan Zen tea

There is a saying of "famous temple and famous tea since ancient times" in China. The tea in wuzhongshan was well-known as early as Tang and Song dynasties. In the past dynasties, most monks in Wuzhong mountain were engaged in tea planting, and tea was changed into Valley and Zen tea was developed simultaneously. There are a large number of ancient tea trees in Wushan, some of which need two people to embrace. The fragrance of the tea is far away, and it is regarded as the best product of Wuzhong tea. Zen tea has three virtues: "staying up all night while sitting in meditation, helping digestion when full, and tea without hair". It can quench thirst and generate fluid, relieve pressure, purify soul, cultivate good thoughts, and increase good roots. Therefore, drinking tea has become the best aid to Zen cultivation. The spirit of Wushan Zen tea culture is "Zhengqing Heya", and its function is "gratitude, tolerance, sharing and affinity".

Traffic information

You can go to Chengdu first, and then transfer to bus at Chengdu Xinnanmen bus station or Jinsha station to Dayi every ten minutes. The scenic spot is 25 kilometers away from Dayi County. You can rent a car near the bus station of Dayi County. The Charter fee is about 100 yuan.

get accommodation

There is only farmhouse in the scenic area

Chinese PinYin : Wu Zhong Shan