baisha reservoir

baisha reservoir

Baisha reservoir is the first large-scale reservoir built in 1951 in Henan Province after liberation. It is a large-scale water conservancy project mainly for flood control and water conservancy. Located at the junction of Yuzhou City and Dengfeng City of Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, the dam is named because it is close to baishabei village, Huashi Town, Yuzhou City. It is the first large-scale reservoir built in China after liberation. It belongs to the large (Ⅱ) reservoir in the upper reaches of Yinghe river of Shaying river system in Huaihe River Basin.

Brief introduction of Baisha reservoir

Baisha reservoir is located in the upper reaches of Yinghe River in the north of baibei village, Huashi Town, Yuzhou City, with a control area of 985 square kilometers. Construction began in 1951. In April 1952, Fu Zuoyi, Minister of water resources, and Soviet experts went to the construction site for guidance. After repeated study, they put forward the revised design scheme of Baisha reservoir project in July. The reservoir was completed in 1953. The dam is 42.5 meters high and 1199 meters long, with a storage capacity of 188 million cubic meters. The spillway is 100 meters wide, and the weir bottom is 4.5 meters lower than the dam top. The water conveyance tunnel is located at the right end of the dam, with a length of 359.15 meters, and four stacked high-pressure direct gates are set at the entrance. The dam was completed in December 1952 with a total investment of 25.14 million yuan.

After the completion of the reservoir, the earth dam has a large amount of subsidence and serious cracks, which are as deep as 7 meters. It was treated twice from 1954 to 1955, but not completely solved. Reconstruction was carried out from 1956 to 1955. After reconstruction, the dam height was increased to 47.88 meters, the crest wave wall was 1.0 meters high, and the dam length was 1316 meters. The spillway was built with 8 spillway gates, 12 meters wide and 8 meters high, with a discharge capacity of 4280 m3 / s. the maximum discharge capacity of the water conveyance tunnel was 208 m3 / s.

The total storage capacity is 295 million cubic meters. The investment is 15.54 million yuan. In 1958, because of the emphasis on the role of small-scale projects in the upper reaches, 6 sluice gates were removed and removed to block the masonry overflow weir. After the flood in 1964, it was found that the flood discharge capacity was insufficient and the gate was rebuilt. After the flood in 1975, 17 explosive chambers were built on the East auxiliary dam on the left side of the sluice gate to prevent the catastrophic flood. When the flood occurs once in a thousand years, the dam was broken to release the flood. From the winter of 1978 to the end of 1979, when Xinbei main canal was built in the irrigation area, a water conveyance tunnel was built at zuobatou. The tunnel was 134.30 meters long, with two gates, 2 meters high and 1.6 meters wide. The maximum discharge was 15 cubic meters per second.

From 1955 to 1987, the total water inflow was 4.5 billion cubic meters, and the total water supply was 2.5 billion cubic meters. The peak discharge of inflow is more than 1000 m3 / s for 7 times, and the maximum discharge is 169 m3 / s after reservoir regulation. On June 21, 1956, the peak discharge of the reservoir was 6180 cubic meters per second, and the reservoir discharged only 155 cubic meters per second, reducing the peak discharge by 97.5%. Over the past 30 years, it has ensured the safety of about 400000 mu of farmland in the lower reaches, which can provide 230000 mu of water for the designed irrigation area, with remarkable benefits.

General situation of Baisha reservoir

Baisha reservoir is the first large-scale reservoir built in Henan Province after liberation. It is a large-scale water conservancy project mainly for flood control and water conservancy. Located at the junction of the northwest of Yuzhou City and Dengfeng City in Henan Province, it is named because the dam is close to Baisha village in Yuzhou City. It is the first large-scale reservoir built in China after liberation. It belongs to the large (Ⅱ) reservoir in the upper reaches of Yinghe river of Shaying river system in Huaihe River Basin.

About Baisha

Baisha lake is located 30 kilometers northwest of Yuzhou. It is 60 kilometers away from Zhengzhou. It is close to xuluo highway. It is a natural scenic spot integrating sightseeing, meeting, vacation and entertainment. Baisha reservoir starts from Erlong mountain in the East and connects xiaoyaoling in the west, with a length of 1316 meters, a catchment area of 985 square kilometers and a water area of 19.43 square kilometers. In the scenic area, there are cliffs, stone niches, stone paths, ravines, waterfalls, springs, small islands in the middle of the lake, yachts, sailboats, young trees, painted walls, cornices, sparkling green waves and soft beaches. All the year round, four o'clock a day, sunny rain and snow, morning and dusk all the time, the scene is easy at any time, the scene moves with the pace. You can take a boat, you can take a speedboat, you can camp on a campfire, you can listen to the sound of the pines at night, you can see the red sun and green mountains at dawn. The original Dongling pass in the scenic spot is the first pass for Guan Yu to protect his two sisters in law from "riding alone for thousands of miles" in search of Liu Bei during the period of the Three Kingdoms. Today, there are still "Yiyong Wu'an King Temple", in front of which there are cultural relics such as theater and WangSong bridge.

Construction time

The Yinghe River, which originated in Shaoshi mountain, meanders eastward from the mountains of Dengfeng, leaving xiaoyaoling and traversing the whole territory of Yuzhou through Baisha. Since ancient times, Yinghe river has not only bred Yuzhou's ancient and splendid Chinese civilization, but also devoured the lives and property of the people on both sides of the Strait. In 1951, the people's Government of Henan Province, under the call of Chairman Mao Zedong that "we must harness the Huaihe River well", invested by the state. The provincial government took the lead in organizing more than 100000 migrant workers from 14 counties, such as Yu County, Ye County, Lushan County, Dengfeng County and Mi County, to build the Baisha reservoir. In March 1951, the ground was broken and the construction lasted for more than two years. The reservoir began to retain flood water in August 1953. In 1956, expansion and reconstruction were carried out to form the scale of the reservoir.

Project overview

Starting from Erlong mountain in the East and connecting XiaoYaoGuan in the west, the dam is 1316 meters long, 47.88 meters high and 6.69 meters wide, with a wave wall of 1.2 meters high. The dam has a storage capacity of 80 million cubic meters, an adjustable storage capacity of 295 million cubic meters, and controls the upstream runoff area of 985 square kilometers. It can block the water sources of Jiaohe River, shiconghe River, Jiaohe River, Silihe River and other tributaries in the upper reaches of Yinghe River, so that it can not form a flood peak and pose a threat to the downstream.

Baisha reservoir is located in the upper reaches of Yinghe river of Shaying river system in Huaihe River Basin. The dam site is located in Baisha village at the junction of Yuzhou City and Dengfeng City in Henan Province. The control basin area is 985 square kilometers, accounting for 13.6% of the whole basin area of Yinghe river. It is a large (II) type water conservancy project with flood control as the main task and comprehensive utilization of industrial and agricultural water supply, aquaculture, tourism, etc. The project was started in April 1951 and completed in August 1953. The project was expanded and reinforced from 1955 to 1956, reaching the design standard of 100 year return period flood and the check standard of 1000 year return period flood. The reservoir was reinforced from June 2003 to June 2005. The current design standard is 100 year return period, and the check standard is 2000 year return period. The total storage capacity is 295 million cubic meters, and Xingli storage capacity is 105 million cubic meters.

The main engineering buildings of Baisha reservoir include main dam, East auxiliary dam, west auxiliary dam, spillway, water conveyance tunnel, irrigation tunnel and auxiliary spillway.

Surrounding scenic spots

Water park

Baisha reservoir water park is a recreational facility built on the lake. Baisha reservoir is surrounded by clear water, green hills and lush cypresses. At night, you can hear the waves of pines. You can see the sunrise of Songshan Mountain in the morning and the sunset of Pinghu Lake in the evening. There are luxury boats, speedboats and many kinds of small boats on the water. You can go to Tianye temple to pray for peace, and you can barbecue and play on guidao island. There is a plank road on the Bank of the upstream cliff to explore Guiguzi cave and jiangziya Diaoyutai. You can look at the stone carvings near shiyangguan, visit zushi temple, and explore Yuwang cave at the entrance of Mayu river. Due to the beautiful ecological environment of Baisha reservoir, it has attracted countless migratory birds and dozens of birds living in the lake. Among them, Chinese merganser, black stork, white stork, swan, mandarin duck and so on are the key protected birds of the state. It has become a natural bird paradise as well as a water paradise for tourists from all over the world.

Forest Park in reservoir area

Baisha reservoir Forest Park is a forest park integrating protection and appreciation. The park was developed in 2001 with a total area of more than 200000 square meters. There are bamboo garden, gingko garden, palm garden, pomegranate garden, hundred day red garden, pan Huai garden, etc. The vast forest has become a natural oxygen bar in the reservoir. In the garden, there are swings, stone tables, stone chairs and stone benches for tourists to rest, and small farmyard for people to stay cranes. There are more than 20 kinds of birds and animals in the forest, such as squirrel, hedgehog, pheasant and hare. The flowing water murmurs, the birds chirp, strolls the flower sea forest, lets the human be contented, the sentiment is full of.

Guiyuan in reservoir area

Guiyuan in Baisha reservoir area is a garden building named after Guishu. In the past, Guiyuan was built. It was built in the 1950s, covering an area of about 6000 square meters, with a construction area of more than 800 square meters, in the shape of a quadrangle. The wall is built with block stone and the roof is of tile wood structure. There are more than 10 osmanthus trees planted in the garden. The trunk diameter of each osmanthus tree is more than 20 cm. Every August, osmanthus flowers are fragrant and refreshing, so it is called "osmanthus garden". It used to be a place for office, rest and reception. After 2000, Guiyuan has been developed and transformed into a leisure place for tourists to visit, rest and drink tea.

Diaoyutai

Diaoyutai is located at the foot of Yucui mountain in the upper reaches of Baisha reservoir. It is a natural rock stretching out from the water. The rock is flat and 3 square meters in size. It is said that Jiang Ziya once fished here. On the Diaoyutai, there is a white marble statue of Jiang Ziya. The statue is sitting, about 2 meters high, wearing a hat, leisurely fishing. There is a plank road under Yucui mountain, which connects Diaoyutai with Guiguzi cave. The valley is narrow and the terrain is dangerous. There are cliffs, waterfalls and springs. During the tour, you can remember Jiang Ziya's great achievements in assisting King Wen to kill Zhou and appreciate the deep meaning of "those who wish to go fishing".

Bibo Turtle Island

Guidao, also known as Gudao, is located in Baisha lake, surrounded by water on all sides, with a total area of about 480000 square meters. It is also called guidao because it is shaped like a turtle lying in the water. There are pavilions on the island with beautiful environment and shady trees. There are also ancient earthen caves,

Chinese PinYin : Bai Sha Shui Ku