Qiao's compound

A business card "big red lanterns hanging high", so that the deep courtyard and the big red lanterns hanging high are deeply engraved in many people's minds.

The original name of Qiao's courtyard is "in the middle hall". The most prominent feature is that the house structure is elegant and beautiful, and the building is simple and exquisite. Originally the private residence of a local rich businessman, the compound was built in the Qing Dynasty, covering an area of 8724.8 square meters and divided into six compounds. The external walls around are more than 10m high and 1m thick. From high altitude, the overall layout of the compound is double "Hi".

On the top floor of the courtyard, there is a plaque of "Fu Zhong Lang", which was given by Empress Dowager Cixi to the governor of Shanxi. There are two other plaques in Qiao's family, one is "benevolent Zhou Yibo" inscribed by Li Hongzhang, and the other is "Danfeng Pavilion" written by Fu Shan. On the brick wall opposite the gate, there is a picture of "one longevity becomes one hundred longevity" composed of 100 different styles of "Shou". The font is ancient and powerful, which is a rare work of art.

Qiao's compound

Qiao family courtyard: it is a national key cultural relics protection unit, a national second-class Museum, a national advanced cultural relics unit, a national youth civilization, and a patriotic education base in Shanxi Province.

Qiao's courtyard, also known as the middle hall, is located in qiaojiabao village, Qixian County, Shanxi Province. It was built in 1756. The courtyard is divided into six big courtyard with 20 small courtyards and 313 houses. It has a construction area of 4175 square meters, three faces the street, and is surrounded by more than 10 meters of fully enclosed green brick walls. The gate is a city gate type cave. It is an ancient house with the architectural style of traditional northern folk houses.

There are more than 5000 precious cultural relics on display in Qiao's courtyard, which mainly reflect the folk customs in Jinzhong Area of Shanxi Province. There are agricultural customs, life rituals, seasonal orders, clothing, food, housing and transportation, business customs and folk crafts on display. There are also exhibitions of Qiao's historical materials, Qiao's treasures, film and television topics, etc.

Qiao's courtyard is a magnificent building group, with exquisite design and exquisite workmanship, reflecting the unique style of residential buildings in the Qing Dynasty. It has high ornamental, scientific research and historical value. It is an unparalleled art treasure house. It is known as "a pearl of residential buildings in the north". It is known as the saying that "the royal family has the Forbidden City, and the folk houses see Qiao's family". It is famous in the three Jin Dynasties, It is well known at home and abroad. At the 2018 China Yellow River Tourism Conference, Qiao's courtyard was rated as "50 scenes of China's Yellow River".

On July 31, 2019, the Ministry of culture and tourism cancelled the quality grade of qiaojiadayuan scenic spot in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province.

On August 21, Qiao's compound closed for 10 days and reopened: tickets were reduced and most of the commercial shops in the scenic area were demolished.

On the afternoon of January 24, 2020, the official account of the WeChat public in Qiao family courtyard was announced. It decided to suspend the operation of the Qiao family courtyard area since January 25th, and the resumption of opening hours will be further announced.

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Development history

During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, Qiao Meimei and his two elder brothers separated and bought several homesteads in the northeast corner of SHIZIKOU to build buildings. The main building is a brick and tile house on the top of a hard hill. It is of brick and wood structure, with window lattice but no door. Characterized by thick walls, small windows, solid solid, for the five outside the three courtyard. To the east of the main building is the original courtyard, which has also been renovated as a partial courtyard. In addition, the second entrance of the partial courtyard was transformed into a shushushuo, the earliest courtyard of the Qiao family, that is, the old courtyard. It is said that there was a five temple outside pianyuan. In front of the temple, there were two pagoda trees, which grew strangely and were called "divine trees". Between the main courtyard and the side courtyard, there is a large-scale brick earth temple, carved with stone mountain and deer with Ganoderma lucidum. There are four brick lions and a handle of Ruyi in the temple, which is a metaphor of "four seasons of Ruyi". There are Wutong and pine trees on the walls of the temple. Six pairs of deer are united, meaning "Liuhe is smooth."

After Qiao Zhiyong took charge of the family, he continued to build the gate of Everbright. He bought a large area of homestead on the west side of the old courtyard across the lane, and built a building yard, which is also five inside and three outside, forming a confrontation between two floors. The main building is a structure of exposed columns on the top of the mountain.

After the completion of minglou, Qiao Zhiyong built two quadrangle courtyards across the street from the second floor, so that the four courtyards were located at the four corners of the intersection of streets and alleys, which laid the foundation for later integration.

In the middle and late Guangxu period, the local public security was unstable. In order to protect their own safety, the Qiao family's Jingyi and Jingyan spent a lot of twists and turns and money to buy the right to occupy the streets at that time. After the Qiao family gained the right of occupation, they blocked the entrance of the alley and built the side courtyard of the northwest courtyard and the southwest courtyard; blocked the street entrance in the East and built the gate; built the ancestral hall in the West; expanded the two outer yards on the two floors in the north and built two new Wulang gates. There is a fence between the two courtyards, and the arched gate top is used as a bridge to connect the north and South courtyards, forming a castle style complex.

In the early years of the Republic of China, the population of the Qiao family increased and housing was insufficient, so they bought land and expanded westward. Ten years after the founding of the Republic of China, Qiao Yingxia and Qiao Yingkui built a new courtyard close to the southwest courtyard, similar to the southeast courtyard. All the windows are engraved with large glass and decorated in western style. The lighting effect is very good and the style has been improved. Even the sculpture on the front door of the courtyard is very meticulous. At the same time, the northwest courtyard was also designed and rebuilt by Qiao Yingxia, blocking the open corridor of the outer courtyard connected with the old courtyard, and transforming it into a living room together with the original kitchen. Also built a bathroom next to the living room, repair the "foreign toilet.". By the northwest courtyard, there used to be a small courtyard, which was the family school of the Qiao family, so it was called the study courtyard. After the separation, Qiao Jian planned to build a garden and bought back a complete set of rockery from a large family in Taigu County. Just before the construction, the "July 7 Incident" broke out, the Japanese army invaded China, and the construction stopped. During the period of Japanese occupation, the whole family fled, leaving an empty courtyard and only part of the family to take care of them.

In 1985, the people's Government of Qi county established the folk custom museum of Qi county by using this ancient house.

It was officially opened to the outside world on November 1, 1986. More than 5000 pieces of precious cultural relics are exhibited, which mainly reflect the customs of Jinzhong Area in Shanxi Province. The contents of the exhibition include: agricultural customs, life rituals, seasonal decrees, clothing, food, housing and transportation, business customs, folk crafts. There are also special exhibitions of Qiao family historical materials, Qiao family treasures, film and television topics.

In 2002, Qiao's courtyard was rated as a 4A tourist attraction

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On December 8, 2011, it began to apply for 5A scenic spots. It has successively completed the construction of Qiao's courtyard gate scenic area, the adjustment and exhibition of folk custom museum's exhibition room, the "three halls and one garden" security project, the construction of Qiao's courtyard digital information system, online tour guide system, intelligent traffic management system of tourism channel, etc.

On November 28, 2014, Qiao's courtyard was selected as the national AAAAA tourist attraction.

On July 31, 2019, the Ministry of culture and tourism cancelled the 5A quality grade of qiaojiadayuan scenic spot in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province.

The Ministry of culture and tourism organized a third-party professional inspector to review and inspect some 5A tourist attractions. The review and inspection items include resource protection, tourist facilities, environmental sanitation, toilet revolution, safety management, explanation service, etc., and scored them. In the total score of 1000 points, the qualified line is 950 points, qiao courtyard scenic spot only gets more than 700 points

. On August 21, Qiao's compound closed for 10 days and reopened: tickets were reduced and most of the commercial shops in the scenic area were demolished.

Cultural relics

Ten thousand ball

A mercury glass ball hanging on the ceiling is said to have been bought by Qiao's family from the United States. It will reduce the image of the people in the house to a certain scale on the ball. In those days, when Qiao family met guests and talked about business, they hung it on the room to monitor the people in the room. It can be called the first surveillance probe in the world. It was extremely rare at that time.

Rhinoceros moon mirror

Rhinoceros moon mirror is a mirror with a diameter of about one meter. The frame of the mirror is made of the hardest rare wood, Hercules. There is a rhinoceros carved with auspicious clouds. Under the round mirror, auspicious clouds are like colorful clouds baking the moon. Looking back, the rhinoceros under auspicious clouds seems to be looking at the bright moon. There is a rhinoceros looking at the moon mirror in the third courtyard of the Qiao family. It is two meters high and weighs one ton. It is carved from Southeast Asia's iron pear wood. It is a national first-class cultural relic and also the treasure of the Qiao family's house. The whole baby is composed of three parts. The mirror above represents the round moon, the auspicious cloud in the middle, and the base is rhinoceros. Therefore, it is called "rhinoceros looking at the moon mirror". Rhinoceros moon mirror has unique shape and beautiful style. It has both practical value and ornamental value. It can be called a rare treasure. The mirror is made up of three parts. The upper mirror is round, representing the moon, with auspicious clouds in the middle. The base is a rhinoceros. The homonym of "rhinoceros" is "Xi Niu", which is a lucky mascot. After hearing this legend, the owner of Qiao's courtyard, a giant family of Shanxi merchants, respected "rhinoceros watching the moon" as the treasure of wealth and residence. From then on, "the bright moon shines high, the auspicious clouds surround, live and work in peace and contentment.". Today, the Qiao family is still dedicated to its homestead. The rhinoceros moon mirror is a national first-class cultural relic in Qixian County, Shanxi Province.

Jiulong lamp

Jiulong lantern is one of the best collections of qiaojiadayuan folk custom museum in Qixian County, Shanxi Province. In the past, when Empress Dowager Cixi fled to Xi'an due to the invasion of China by the Eight Power Allied forces, the Qiao family donated 300000 taels of silver to the Empress Dowager

Chinese PinYin : Qiao Jia Da Yuan