Xianyang Museum

Xianyang museum is built on the basis of Xianyang Confucian temple in Ming Dynasty, which is second to none in Han Dynasty. The cultural relics in the museum are mainly from the Qin and Han Dynasties, as well as some religious relics and epitaphs. At present, there are nine exhibition halls, mainly displaying: Qin Xianyang historical relics exhibition, Western Han 3000 painted terracotta warriors and horses exhibition, Xianyang stele exhibition, religious relics exhibition, and Xianyang unearthed ancient terracotta warriors and horses Treasures Exhibition, among which the Western Han 3000 painted terracotta warriors and horses are the most famous.

Xianyang Museum

Xianyang museum is one of the famous museums in China. It was officially opened in 1962. The site of the museum is a Confucian temple built in 1371 (the fourth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty). There are nine exhibition rooms and a gallery of Steles in the museum, with a total area of 1100 square meters. More than 6000 pieces of cultural relics are on display. The contents on display are mainly historical relics of the Qin and Han Dynasties, as well as some religious relics and epitaphs.

In February 2020, in order to pay tribute to the medical workers struggling in the front line of anti epidemic, from the date of resumption of operation to December 31, 2020, the policy of free visit to all medical workers in the country will be implemented.

Introduction to the exhibition hall

Xianyang museum is located in the middle of Zhongshan street, an ancient culture street in Xianyang city. Founded in 1962, it is one of the famous medium-sized museums in China. The site of the museum was reconstructed from the Confucian temple built in 1371 A.D. in the fourth year of Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty. The overall building is grand and magnificent. Provincial key cultural relics protection units, provincial civilization demonstration tourist attractions, patriotism education base, national AAA tourist attractions.

Xianyang Museum mainly collects, studies and displays historical relics of Qin and Han Dynasties. It has a collection of more than 10000 cultural relics. At present, there are nine exhibition halls, which mainly display the historical relics of Qin Xianyang, the 3000 painted terracotta warriors and horses of Western Han Dynasty, the steles and stones of Xianyang, the religious relics, and the ancient terracotta warriors and horses unearthed in Xianyang.

Xianyang museum is open to the public throughout the year for the purpose of serving tourists wholeheartedly.

Layout of exhibition hall

The exhibition of historical relics in the museum is divided into three exhibition halls

The first exhibition hall mainly introduces the historical background from Xianyang, the capital of the Qin Dynasty, to the unification of the six states of the Qin Dynasty, and briefly describes the early history of the Qin people with typical cultural relics, highlighting Shang Yang's reform, agricultural development, military strength, unification of the six states, and unification of weights and measures. The main exhibits are: Phoenix inscription Ding, Warring States horse riding figurines, Yonggong bronze pot, gongshichu bronze pot, deer pattern tile, Shangyang copper upsetting, a group of weapons such as GE, spear and sword, Anyi Xiaguan Zhong, xiuwufu Wenbei, coins of six countries, Qin Zhao inscription Tiequan.

The second exhibition hall mainly introduces the architectural achievements of No.1, No.2 and No.3 palace sites in qinxianyang, focusing on the brick and tile building materials, palace murals, copper components, drainage facilities, refrigeration facilities, heating facilities and other architectural achievements of the palace sites. The main exhibits are: shuishen Qifeng hollow brick, Longwen hollow brick, floor tile, well circle, cellar basin, tile of Qin site, Sima lache mural, funnel and drainage pipe, etc.

The third exhibition hall mainly displays the pottery, bronze, jade, silk and other handicraft products unearthed from the Qin Xianyang Palace site, handicraft workshop site and Qin tombs. The main exhibits are: a group of bronze wares with pottery stamp, a group of big duck egg pots, a group of bronze wares unearthed from talpo bronze ware cellar in 1966, a group of bronze wares unearthed from Palace site, Changling workshop site and huangjiagou tomb area, a group of miscellaneous utensils with wrong gold and silver hooks, a group of bronze mirrors, a group of jade wares, and one of the earliest silk fragments.

About Xianyang

Xianyang is a famous ancient capital in history. In the 12th year of emperor Xiaogong of Qin Dynasty (350 BC), the city of Xianyang was built, which began more than 140 years after Xianyang, the capital of Qin Dynasty. For more than a century, Qin Lijing ruled the country by taking Hexi (the west part of the Yellow River belongs to Wei) in the East and Bashu (the present Sichuan Basin) in the south, and became one of the seven leading powers in the Warring States period. In the 16th year of the reign of Emperor Qin (221 BC), six states were cut off, and the first unified centralized empire in Chinese history was established. Xianyang became the political, economic and cultural center of the Qin Empire.

The Qin Empire was only 15 years old, and the Imperial Palace in Xianyang, the capital of the Qin Dynasty, was burned by Xiang Yu. However, the cultural relics system left by the Empire had a profound impact on later generations. Its name, Qin, even spread far away to Greece and Rome in the past. It has become the prototype of the cognate name of China in English and other non Chinese speaking countries.

From the end of 1950s to the middle of 1990s, archaeologists discovered and excavated a large area of Qin palace sites, handicraft workshops sites and Qin people's cemeteries in the vast area from talpo in the west to baijiazui in the east to the north of Weishui River in Xianyang city. It is the nearly 40 years of archaeological work that we can use the rich cultural relics left by the earth to conceive the magnificent scene of Xianyang in Qin Dynasty.

Qin people's faith in history began with Feizi. In 897 BC, Feizi lived in canqiu (now Tianshui, Gansu Province), where he raised horses for the Zhou royal family. In 770 BC, King Ping of Zhou Dynasty moved eastward, and Qin became a vassal and established the state. In 350 BC, Xianyang was built and moved to the capital the next year. From 349 BC to 338 BC, Shang Yang continued to carry out political reform and his national strength became stronger. In 221 BC, Ying Zheng unified the six states and called them the first emperor, ending the five and a half centuries of enfeoffment and separatist rule in the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period (770-221 BC).

Qin was a nomadic tribe before the founding of the people's Republic of China. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, in all aspects of social and economic life, it obviously maintained the characteristics of nomadic people, which was far behind Qi, Jin and other countries. Since the power of Qin state developed to "Wei Wei Hui" in the fourth year of emperor Wengong of Qin Dynasty, agriculture replaced animal husbandry and became the main economic form of Qin. Since Qin settled in Guanzhong, the level of agricultural production has improved rapidly. In the era of Mugong, Qin's agricultural production has caught up with or even surpassed the eastern countries. The use of advanced iron farming tools and the popularization of cattle farming greatly promoted the further development of agriculture. After 246 BC, the construction of zhengguoqu and Dujiangyan made the Qin's agricultural resources more abundant and accelerated the historical process of Qin's unification of the six countries.

In 221 B.C. (the 26th year of the reign of the king of Qin), under the leadership of General Wang Ben, the army of the state of Qin entered Linzi, the capital of the state of Qi, which had fallen without war. At last, the situation of the vassal's separatist rule came to an end, and an unprecedented and unified centralized empire, Qin, appeared in China.

Xianyang city of Qin Dynasty was first built in Yaodian Town, about 15 kilometers east of Xianyang city today. It is located on the second terrace of Xianyang tableland. After that, it gradually expanded beyond Jinghe River in the north and Weihe River in the south. Before and after King Zhao of Qin Dynasty and after the first emperor of Qin Dynasty unified the six states, it was expanded to the south of Weishui River on an unprecedented scale.

Thirty three large and medium-sized architectural sites have been found in the old city of Xianyang to the north of Weihe River. Among them, No.1, No.2, No.3 and No.4 sites have been scientifically excavated. According to the literature, seven sites in Yaodian palace city belong to Xianyang Palace site, six sites in baijiazui belong to LanChi Palace site, and one site in yujiabao of Jingyang belongs to Wangyi Palace site. The other 19 are located in the East, West and north of the palace city, or far away from the palace city. Except a few of these sites are exposed to the ground, the rest are buried below the ground. Qin Xianyang Palace site is made of rammed earth. The palace was built in the middle of the Warring States period. It was renovated many times later. It was burned and abandoned when Qin died.

A large number of handicrafts, such as bricks and tiles, pottery, bronzes, jade and silk, were unearthed from the Palace site, handicraft workshop site and Qin people's tombs in Xianyang of Qin Dynasty, with excellent craftsmanship, indicating that Qin had developed handicraft industry.

Qin Xianyang's handicraft workshops are divided into four areas according to different industries. Changling railway station, far from the palace area in the East, is a workshop for making daily pottery, bone ware and copper and iron. Hujiagou and baijiazui in the palace area of Xianyang palace and LanChi Palace are workshops for making brick and tile building materials. Close to the west of Xianyang palace, Nie Jiagou is an important industrial workshop for casting weapons. Because of the different functions and importance of the products, these workshops were distributed at different distances from the palace.

Exhibitions and collections

Jade immortal galloping horse

First class cultural relics of Han Dynasty.

The jade horse is a male, with open mouth and exposed teeth, bore eyes, erect ears, chest to abdomen decorated with wings, four hooves flying on the cloud plate, the cloud head is connected with the horse's legs, hooves and tail. The jade horse rides a feather man on its back, shoulders and buttocks decorated with wings, human face and animal ears, long hair, one hand supporting the horse's neck, one hand holding Ganoderma lucidum. This piece of jade is the best round carving jade of the Han Dynasty, which provides valuable information for the study of ancient Chinese jade carving art.

Carved Red Gold pot

First class cultural relics of Tang Dynasty.

The golden pot is shaped like a holding pot with a lid, a vertical edge, flat lips, extravagant mouth, round shoulders, bulging belly, inclined wall, concave bottom, long handle, short vertical flow, and round feet. The lotus bud button has a straight umbrella shaped lid, under which there are patterns of lotus petals and twining flowers. The vertical edge has a sea ripple. The neck of the button is connected with the handle by a movable chain, and the joint of the chain and the handle is made into a turtle shaped rivet, From the neck to the bottom, there are five areas, which are successively decorated with two continuous patterns of vines, tangled lotus, Luan bird and roll. At the bottom, there are four continuous patterns of lotus petals. The golden pot is exquisite in craftsmanship, exquisite in manufacture and gorgeous in decoration. It is one of the best gold and silver wares of the Tang Dynasty.

Stone Bodhisattva

The third grade cultural relics of Ming Dynasty.

Qingtian stone, the Bodhisattva like a bun, shawl and shoulders, eyes, mouth slightly closed, face elegant and dignified,

Chinese PinYin : Xian Yang Bo Wu Guan