Daming Lake

At the end of qushuiting street is the most famous Daming Lake, "surrounded by lotus flowers and willows on three sides, a city with mountains and half a city lake" is reflected in the most authentic state here. How do you think there is some flavor of West Lake.

Daming Lake is surrounded by historical sites. The lake water comes from pearl spring, Baotu Spring, Wulongtan spring, Zhuoying spring and many other famous springs. It is said that all springs converge. The water quality is clear and the sky is bright and cloudy. It is known as the "Pearl of spring city".

A lake of smoky water, green trees cover the sky, blue waves between Han Ying sun, beautiful scenery. Surrounded by weeping willows and fragrant lotus in the lake, more than 20 scenic spots are covered with green shade and fresh flowers. On the green waves, boats walk through the waves, and boats swing around the waves. It's so interesting to move around.

Daming Lake

Daming Lake is one of the three historical sites in Jinan City, Shandong Province. Located in the north of Lixia District, Jinan City, it is formed by the confluence of many springs in Jinan. The lake water flows into Xiaoqing River through Luoshui river. The lake covers an area of 46 hectares, with an average depth of 2-3 meters.

Daming Lake has a long history. There are many buildings and natural landscapes to commemorate the achievements and whereabouts of the ancients, such as Lixia Pavilion, Tiegong temple, xiaocanglang, Beiji Pavilion, Huibo tower, Nanfeng temple, Ya garden, Jiaxuan temple, etc., which attract scholars of all ages to pay homage to and chant. After Tang Dynasty, all the poets left their famous poems.

After liberation, the park was officially built in 1957. After several renovations and beautification, it became one of the famous tourist attractions in Jinan.

Name change

Daming Lake was called lishuipi in shuijingzhu by Li Daoyuan of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and also called Lianzi Lake in Tang Dynasty. Zeng Gong, a litterateur of the Northern Song Dynasty, called "West Lake" and "North Lake". Yuan Haowen, a writer of Jin Dynasty, was called "Daming Lake" in Ji'nan Xingji.

Location context

Daming Lake is located in the northwest of the old city of Jinan, Shandong Province (Lixia District). Before the Western Jin Dynasty, Daming Lake had a large area, reaching Zhuoying Lake in the South and Queshan Lake in the north. During the Yongjia period of the Western Jin Dynasty (307-313 AD), walls were built to separate the lakes, basically forming a modern scale.

In modern geography, Daming Lake extends to the moat in the north, heihuquan North Road in the East, Daming Lake Road in the South and Qisheng street in the West. In the 1990s, there were 46.5 hectares (0.465 square kilometers) of lake surface.

hydrographic features

The water level of Daming Lake can be regulated by water gate. Generally, the water depth is 2-3 meters. The storage capacity of horizontal trough is 830000 cubic meters, and the general storage capacity is only 320000 cubic meters. According to the actual measurement from May to July in 1967, the spring water into the lake is 354000 cubic meters, and the sewage into the lake is only 1000 cubic meters, and the ratio of clean water to sewage is 33.2:1. Since 1970's, because of the over exploitation of groundwater in the urban area, the groundwater level has dropped again and again, and the spring inflow has decreased year by year, even dried up. However, the amount of sewage into the lake is increasing day by day, and the lake water pollution is quite serious. After the implementation of the project of diverting water from Wulongtan to Daming Lake in May 1980, fresh water can be diverted into the lake from time to time, which plays a certain role in improving the water quality of the lake.

The bottom of Daming Lake is impermeable igneous rock, and the spring water can not be discharged. With the reasonable drainage system, it has the characteristics that the excessive rain does not rise and the long drought does not dry up.

Water system composition

Supply spring

The main recharge source of Daming Lake is spring water. It is composed of more than 20 springs such as pearl spring, Xiaogan spring, Furong spring and Wangfu pool. The lake water flows into Xiaoqing River through Luoshui river at the Northeast outlet.

Pearl spring, located on the west side of the courtyard of the Standing Committee of Shandong Provincial People's Congress on Yuanqian street, is slightly rectangular, with an area of more than 1240 square meters, deep, wide and clear. Because there is south pearl spring in the moat in the East and south corner of the old city, it is also called North Pearl Spring. The stele of famous spring in Jin Dynasty, the poem of 72 springs in Ming Dynasty and the record of 72 springs in Qing Dynasty are all recorded. The overflow elevation of the spring pool is 26.28m. Pearl Spring flows into Zhuoying lake from the north of Yudai River and into Daming Lake through BaiHuaZhou. Since ancient times, pearl spring has enjoyed a great reputation, and many scholars wrote about it.

Zhuoying spring (wangfuchi) is in the west of the middle section of wangfuchizi street. The stele of famous spring in Jin Dynasty, the poem of 72 springs in Ming Dynasty and the record of 72 springs in Qing Dynasty are all recorded. It is named after the meaning of "Qing Si Zhuo Ying, Zhuo Si Zhuo is enough" in Mencius. "Zhuoying spring, known as lake, was in Dewang palace before, but now it is more than 100 steps outside the west wall of the courtyard. It is commonly known as Wangfu pool. It flows from the trench to the north, passes through folk houses, goes out of the Phoenix Bridge, meets pearl spring after the courtyard, and enters Daming Lake through Baihua and Quehua bridges."

Furong spring, 69 Furong street. The stele of famous spring in Jin Dynasty, the poem of 72 springs in Ming Dynasty and the record of 72 springs in Qing Dynasty are all recorded. The spring pool is rectangular, and the stones are stacked. The flow direction of water is divided into two branches: one flows into panchi of the former Confucian temple, and then turns to the East and flows into BaiHuaZhou; the other flows to the west of the Confucian temple, and flows into Daming Lake through Huabi pool and Fengzhu pool in the former Gongyuan. The water potential is good.

Xiaogan spring, in the original Ximen, Xiaogan square north, Baotuquan North Road, No. 22 hospital. The spring pool is 3.4 meters long and 2 meters wide. The spring still exists, and the water potential is still good.

Xiangquan, originally under the West veranda of Shun temple, is located in the school yard of Jinan No.65 middle school. It is a stone pool with good water potential. The teaching building was built during the "Cultural Revolution", and the spring was buried in the southwest corner of the building. Before the Tang and Song Dynasties, there were not only three springs in Shun temple, but many springs competing for water flow. The water surface was wide and the water potential was quite large. There are fish, turtles, rhombus and lotus. Irrigation and breeding are of great benefit. The springs converge into a stream and flow into Daming Lake. According to shuijingzhu, this stream is called Lishui, Daming Lake is called lishuipo, and Shunjing spring is the source of Lishui.

Taijiquan is located in the south of the west end of Daminghu Road, in the seventh Vocational College of Jinan. In March 1997, the nearby spring was buried in the construction of a house, and the spring overflowed. Therefore, a square pond with a side length of 1.2 meters was built near the spring, and the water flowed into the drainage ditch along the pipeline and into Daming Lake.

Induction well spring, located in the North Bank of Daming Lake, is a sweet spring excavated during the restoration of Zhenwu temple in the Arctic Pavilion in Zhengde period of Ming Dynasty. The spring well has disappeared, and the stone tablet is buried in the ground.

Huibo spring is located on the "cool island" in the southeast corner of Daming Lake. In the past, most of the springs in the city flowed into Daming Lake from near the island, so this clear spring on the island was called Huibo spring. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it was transformed into a chess club. Visitors can also enjoy fishing here, but the spring has disappeared.

Discharge channel

Xiluo River, the source of which is Baotu Spring, starts from weizha bridge in the south, passes bianzhuang in the north, and enters Xiaoqing River at Wuliu sluice, 2.9 km long.

Dongluo River, the source of which is the spring water of Heihu spring, starts from tanqiao in the south, passes HeJiazhuang in the north, and enters Xiaoqing River in the west of Huangtai Banqiao Village, with a length of 3.2 km.

Climatic characteristics

Daming Lake is located in the middle latitude zone, due to the influence of solar radiation, atmospheric circulation and geographical environment, it belongs to warm temperate continental monsoon climate. Its main climatic characteristics are: obvious monsoon, four distinct seasons; cold winter and hot summer, concentrated rainfall. In winter, the Mongolian High formed in the northern part of the Asian continent. Jinan City was controlled by the denatured polar continental air mass. It was often attacked by the cold air from the north. It was cold and sunny, with little rain and snow, and mostly northerly. In summer, due to the influence of tropical and subtropical ocean air mass, warm and humid air flow from the ocean prevails. The weather is hot, with abundant rainfall, sufficient light and southerly wind. Spring and autumn are the transition seasons from winter to summer and from summer to winter. In a year, in different seasons, the whole city is under the control of different atmospheric circulation, forming a climate with four distinct seasons of warm spring, hot summer, cool autumn and cold winter.

In winter, controlled by cold high pressure in Mongolia, cold northerly wind prevails. Generally, cold air invades once in 6-8 days, which makes the temperature decrease continuously. The average temperature of the coldest month in winter is below 0 ℃, and the average extreme minimum temperature is below - 20 ℃. 98% of the severe cold days below - 10 ℃ are concentrated in winter. The precipitation in winter is 20-25 mm, which only accounts for 3.0-3.7% of the total precipitation in the whole year. There is little rain and snow in the whole winter. The north wind blows frequently and it is dry and cold. It is hot in summer, the average temperature is about 26 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is more than 40 ℃, and the hot days with the daily maximum temperature ≥ 40 ℃ appear in summer. Summer is not only hot, but also rainy. The average precipitation in summer is more than 400mm in all counties and districts of the city. 60% of the annual precipitation is concentrated in summer. The average precipitation days in July are about 15 days. The rainstorm days with daily precipitation ≥ 50mm are concentrated in July and August, accounting for 70% of the annual rainstorm days.

Biological resources

Freshwater animals

In Daming Lake area, zooplankton is mainly composed of protozoa, rotifers, Cladocera and copepods. There are 32 species, 15 genera and 11 families of protozoa in Daming Lake. They are mainly Trichomonas juwu, various amoebas, common surface shell insects, Actinidia radiata, various haustoria, Hydra like monocentric insects, dendrimer, various bell worms, various Ramulus and trumpet worms, etc. They can reflect the degree of environmental pollution and are indicators of water pollution. Rotifers are mainly Brachionus, crystallocystis, rotifer, needle cluster rotifer, Taibei rotifer, cavity rotifer, leaf rotifer and tortoise shell rotifer. In Cladocera, there are elephant trunk flea, flea like flea, indistinct naked belly flea, hunchback discus flea, soft straight flea and crystal firefly Xianda

Chinese PinYin : Da Ming Hu