Qiankou residence

Along the way from Huangshan to Tunxi, it is known as "ancient corridor", and Qiankou Ming Dynasty residence is its outstanding representative. After leaving Huangshan Hot Spring, you can take a bus down about 60 kilometers to Zixia peak. Therefore, it is also known as "Zixia villa", which is a key cultural relic protection unit of the state. The whole village covers an area of 16000 square meters. By taking the original demolition and construction method, 10 typical Ming Dynasty buildings scattered nearby are concentrated in one place, forming today's unique Ming Dynasty villa. More than ten Ming Dynasty ancient buildings are yinxiu bridge, stone archway, Shanhua Pavilion, Leshan hall, caomenting, fangguantian house, sijiandi house, wujianhua house, fangwentai house, suxuechen house, etc.

Qiankou residence

Qiankou residence, also known as Zixia villa, is located at the south foot of Zixia peak, Qiankou Town, Huizhou District, Huangshan City, Anhui Province. Qiankou residence is a traditional Huizhou architecture group in Ming Dynasty. Different styles and styles of ancient dwellings are displayed on a small mountain, which is quite ingenious. Qiankou dwellings are divided into cave community, house, bridge, Road Pavilion and memorial archway according to their architectural types. In terms of time span, it lasted from the eighth year of Hongzhi to the middle and late Ming Dynasty. In the early Qing Dynasty, celebrities such as Huang Zongxi, Shi Runzhang, Mei Geng and Jin Zhijing all set foot in this area, and there are inscriptions here.

In May 1982, the State Administration of cultural relics approved the establishment of the Ming Dynasty residential complex, which was listed in the national cultural relics protection plan. According to the principle of "original demolition, original construction and centralized protection", the ancient buildings of Ming and Qing Dynasties scattered in Shexian and not suitable for local protection will be protected. The residential buildings of Ming and Qing Dynasties were built and opened to the outside world in 1990 and 2007, and Qiankou residential building and a Museum of ancient buildings will be built.

On January 13, 1988, the Hui style residential complex in Qiankou was listed as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

In February 2020, Qiankou residence will offer free tickets to medical workers all over the country.

Evolution of construction

Qiankou residence was originally a separate business of Wang Yuan's family in Qing Dynasty, named "shuixiangyuan". It was destroyed by war in Xianfeng years.

Ming Hongzhi eight years (1495), jiansi Jiandi.

In 1551, Shanhua pavilion was built, which was originally located beside yangchongling stone road, Xu village, she county.

In 1554, yinxiu bridge was built at the entrance of Tangbei village, Qiankou town.

During the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty (1552-1566), Zheng Qi built Fang's ancestral hall.

In 1982, in order to protect the ancient buildings in a centralized way, the State Administration of cultural relics approved the demolition and restoration of more than 10 typical Ming Dynasty buildings scattered in Shexian county and Huizhou, such as Zheng Village, Xu village, Qiankou, xixinan, etc., which were not suitable for local preservation. From 1984 to the end of 1994, three ancestral halls, five residential buildings, one Road Pavilion and one stone archway were relocated.

In 1998, the people's Government of Huizhou District put forward the planning and request of the Qing Dynasty residential protection project to the State Administration of cultural relics. With the approval of the State Administration of cultural relics, the Qing Dynasty residential protection project was carried out within the scope of Qiankou residential protection. A total of 11 typical Qing Dynasty residential buildings were restored and protected, which were completed and opened to the public in 2006.

Architectural pattern

Qiankou residential complex covers an area of about 70 mu, with a terrain height difference of 25 meters. The demolition concentrated on protecting 13 Ming Dynasty buildings and 11 Qing Dynasty buildings of different types, including dwellings, ancestral halls, memorial archways, road pavilions and stone bridges. According to the overall layout of Huizhou villa in Ming and Qing Dynasties. A certain distance should be kept between each building. A stone road should be paved in the middle, and a stone road should be paved in front of and behind the house. Traditional flowers and trees should be planted around to embellish them.

The entrance hall of Qiankou villa is a three Bay porch with high eaves and eight shuttles. There is a small courtyard at the entrance. There are three stone memorial archways with five floors in the middle. Not far away, there is a small stream around the mountain from west to East. On the stream, there is a single hole stone arch bridge, named "yinxiu bridge". Crossing the bridge and climbing along the road, there is a pavilion with four high corners, named "Shanhua Pavilion". In the north, it is adjacent to the "Cao gate hall". The 9-bay atrium is spread out in a straight line, and 8 sacrificial pillars are arranged neatly. There are four corridors at the entrance, connecting with the main hall of Mingtang. After passing through the stone flat in front of the gate, there is a "Si Jian Di" and a second entrance to the Ming hall. There is a pool in the middle, surrounded by stone columns, and a single hole stone arch bridge in the middle. On the north side of the villa is a group of houses, including Wu Jianhua house, Fang guantian house, Fang Wentai house and Su Xuechen house.

Cultural relics

Residential building

Public buildings

Cultural relic value

Architectural value

Qiankou residence is the epitome of Huizhou residence in Ming Dynasty. In a small mountain, it shows different styles of ancient dwellings, which is quite ingenious. Qiankou dwellings pay attention to its representativeness. From the perspective of architectural types, there are not only cave houses, but also small bridges, road pavilions and memorial archways. In terms of time span, it lasted from the eighth year of Hongzhi to the middle and late Ming Dynasty. From the perspective of house owners, there are "Shanhua Pavilion" donated by businessmen, "Leshan hall" for the elderly to discuss and entertain, and public hall of the prosperous people.

Secondly, Qiankou residence is typical. There are "Fang Wentai house" with exquisite carving, which can reflect the art of emblem carving, "Si Jiandi" which is one of the earliest brick buildings in Ming Dynasty in Jiangnan, and "Wu Jianhua house" which retains the construction techniques of Yuan Dynasty. Here, we can see the convenient living, simple and practical construction method of Mingzhai. We can experience the philosophy of accumulating water like accumulating wealth by setting a pool in the patio. Thirdly, Qiankou residence has a unified artistic style. Most of the buildings are from Qiankou village, and the layout refers to the inherent characteristics of Huizhou ancient villages. The interior furnishings are Ming Dynasty furniture and other daily necessities, showing the historical and cultural features of Huizhou ancient villages.

Cultural value

Qiankou residence is a collection of representative and classic Huizhou residence in Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are not only magnificent and luxurious honglouqi courtyard, but also quiet and elegant arbor cottage. Its main body is collection display, folk craft display and folk performance, which enlivens the life prospect of Huizhou society in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Secondly, the pavilion, platform, building, pavilion, hall and interior furnishings of the Ming garden are complete, and the single building is located in the direction of the mountain, forming a village, which reproduces the style and features of the Ming Dynasty villa. Among them, Cao gate hall, Shanhua Pavilion, sijiandi and other ancient Huizhou buildings are precious examples in the history of Chinese architecture. Among them, there is also a gold plaque given by Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty in sijiandi.

Qiankou houses have developed from the protection of ancient buildings to the protection of cultural ecology supported by human activities. In the process of protection, they continue to excavate and carry forward the intangible cultural heritage, showing the unique "seven wonders" of Huizhou, such as paper cutting, carving, tea making, ink making and bamboo weaving. They are playing an indispensable role in the construction of ancient Huizhou cultural tourism area Use. As a model of Huizhou ancient architecture, Qiankou residence not only has important historical value and artistic value, but also is a precious example of studying Chinese architectural history, architectural technology, architectural design and architectural art.

Cultural relics protection

In July 1986, the people's Government of Anhui Province announced Qiankou residence as a key cultural relics protection unit in Anhui Province.

In January 1988, the State Council announced that it was a national key cultural relic protection unit, which was named "Qiankou Folk House Museum".

On August 20, 2007, Qiankou folk house museum was rated as a national 4A scenic spot by the national scenic spot quality rating committee.

In January 2008, the Ministry of culture officially approved the establishment of "Huizhou cultural and ecological protection experimental area", and Qiankou houses were included in the protection scope.

In April 2009, Qiankou folk house museum was awarded the title of "intangible cultural heritage transmission base of Huizhou cultural and ecological protection experimental area" by the Provincial Department of culture.

In November 2014, Qiankou residential complex won the title of national 5A scenic spot.

Tourism information

Ticket price: 60 / person

Location: Qiankou residence is located at the foot of Zixia mountain, Qiankou Town, Huizhou District, 5km away from Yansi.

Traffic information:

1. Huangshan City bus terminal (No. 31, Qiyun Avenue, Tunxi District, Huangshan City, also known as Tunxi bus station) takes the bus directly to Qiankou residence, leaving at 8:00, 10:00, 14:00 and 16:00 every day.

2. Starting from the urban area of Huangshan City, take a minibus to Yansi, take a minibus (4 yuan) from Yansi to Qiankou residence, or take a taxi (35 yuan) to Qiankou residence. After entering the scenic area, you can return to the urban area in about three hours.

Free information

In order to pay homage to the national medical workers in the fight against the epidemic, the scenic spot will implement the free admission policy for the national medical workers within one year from the date of resumption of operation.

Preferential object and content: medical workers in the whole country (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) can enjoy the free preferential policy of tickets for all A-level scenic spots in Huangshan City with their valid certificates (doctor's card or nurse's card) and original ID card.

Discount time: within one year from the date of resumption of operation.

Address: National Highway 205, Huizhou District, Huangshan City, Anhui Province

Longitude: 118.29268548492

Latitude: 29.871017838484

Chinese PinYin : Qian Kou Min Zhai