Yisha

Yisha

Yishala natural village is located 70 km south of Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province. Its center is 1187 meters above sea level and 101.8704 ° 26.2183 ° longitude and latitude

Background

On the magnificent picture of ethnic history and culture in Panxi area, at the intersection of Southwest great post road from north to South and Jinsha River from west to East, there is a simple and mysterious Yi Village - "the first Yi village in China", yishala, with its ancient mountain ethnic history and culture, attracts the eyes of the world

For 2000 years, as a must pass on the Nansi Silk Road, yishala has gone through the vicissitudes of the ancient road to welcome and see off Sima Qian, a famous scholar of all dynasties, who went through Yunnan. Zhuge Liang crossed Lu in May and went deep into Bumao. Yang Sheng'an returned several times, and shidakai entered Sichuan through it. Blood splashed Dadu River

Yishala Yi people belong to the middle lipo branch of Yi nationality, with a long history. In 1381, Zhu Yuanzhang sent 300000 troops from Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Anhui and other places to Yunnan to pacify the chaos, and implemented the ethnic policy of Yi Han intermarriage and "Naturalization on the spot" in an enlightened way. Yishala ushered in the first large-scale immigration in the history of Panzhihua. Over the past 600 years, these immigrants from the south of the Yangtze River, who have brought with them the customs of advocating culture, cultivating well and weaving skillfully, have lived and worked in peace and contentment on this land. Local Yi people and Eastern immigrants, yishala has formed a unique national history and culture of Yi Han fusion.

brief introduction

Yishala is the largest natural village of Yi nationality in China. In 34 square kilometers of land, there are 2245 people living in 518 households, of which the Yi population accounts for 96% of the total number of the village. Yishala is known as "the first village of Yi people in the world". It has a long history, splendid culture, prosperous population and developed economy in Yi village

In yishala, the Yi people who welcome guests with open doors and smiling faces make us truly feel the local warm hospitality, gentle and simple folk customs.

Yishala Tanjing ancient music, Lijiang Naxi ancient music and Dali Dongjing music belong to the same vein, both of which are derived from ancient court music. Among them, there are not only Taoists who advocate the natural voice of heaven and earth, but also the affectionate feelings of children in the water town of Jiangnan, and there is no lack of the bold and rough work of Lipo Yi people in the fields Zhipu yisalaren's performance of Jinling relic expresses Nanjing immigrants' attachment to Qinhuai ancient soil; the variation of Yi folk songs reflects the evolution of Yi Han intermarriage and Yi Han ethnic integration in music.

The two thousand year old tea horse road has experienced a period of hardship and desolation. The deep horseshoe pit left on the bluestone makes people feel nostalgic for the past. In the place where the ancient road passes, there are stone inscriptions of "keqichi" left by Zhuge Liang. In Yingpan mountain, the walls of Zhuge camp and other historic sites still exist today

Yishala, a national historical and cultural treasure hidden in the mountains, is in urgent need of attention and protection. Not long ago, the national development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of construction and the State Administration of cultural relics rated yishala as one of the second batch of 24 famous historical and cultural villages in China. The relevant departments of the municipal government and all walks of life have paid great attention to yishala, and are actively formulating measures to protect and develop yishala. In accordance with the principles of "scientificity, protection, pertinence, moderation and sustainability", yishala has been recognized as one of the most famous historical and cultural villages in China, It is necessary to develop the national historical and cultural connotation and ancient village characteristics of yishala to promote the sustainable development and better utilization of the excellent national historical and cultural heritage.

architectural style

Most of the yishala dwellings built on the gentle platform on the West Bank of Jinsha are built with green tiles and white walls and civil structures, showing the style of a small town in Jiangsu and Anhui. In the village, the alleys are vertical and horizontal, dense as cobwebs; every family has high walls and deep courtyard, which is close to each other; there are alleys in front of the door, which are connected with each other. Hujiaxiang, zhangjiaxiang Along the way, it's like walking in the maze of time and space, but the deep courtyard, high wall and deep lane are eye-catching.

Siheyuan, which embodies the Fengshui atmosphere of "harmony and accumulation of wealth", has four harmony and five entrances, and its high-rise cornice highlights the Hui Style of "Five Mountains facing the sky, four rivers returning to the well". The roof ridge and four eaves of the house are decorated high to the sky, and the inner eaves and water channels of the four chambers are all facing the sky well to seek the auspicious fortune of gathering wind and wealth. Carved windows, walls, eaves beams, piers, tables and chairs Exquisite carving art can be seen everywhere. The exquisite eaves design and exquisite tile patterns are even more amazing. Yishala people set up the sacrificial shrine in the main hall, "heaven and earth king", "ancestors, kitchen King..." The local Yi people religiously inherit the tradition of Han culture.

Four surnames

"Starting car wheel, maojia pen pole, Najia Baogu Zi, Zhangjia wine jar Zi". Yishala has four family names "Qi, Mao, Na and Zhang". It has a strict family tree and has been popular for hundreds of years and decades, which is well known to all young and old women. "Yishala's first surname is Mao's half village". Yishala has 148 families and 890 people, which can be called yishala's first surname. It has the same origin with Shaoshan Mao family.

Wedding customs

In the sound of festive firecrackers, the bride and groom reverently worship the gods and "retreat the chariots and horses". An elder of the clan killed a rooster and sprayed blood on the ground to expel evil spirits and welcome good luck. Before entering the door, a group of relatives and friends of the clan hold the bride to "step on the bowl", and stepping on the broken bowl means peace at the age of (broken). After entering the door, the bride lights a pair of red candles. After the bridegroom and bride worship heaven and earth and worship their ancestors, they each drink a big cup of wine and spray it on each other's face. Mao Xingrong tells us that "spraying a cup of wine" means loving each other and lasting forever.

In the green shed with the top of pine and cypress branches and the floor covered with pine hair, the bridegroom and bride solemnly held the ceremony of worshiping heaven and earth, ancestors and elders, and the wedding reached a climax.

At the wedding ceremony, women in bright ethnic costumes are beautiful scenery. And their clothing strongly shows the blending style of Yi and Han. Women wear Yi People's button hat, but their clothes retain the traces of the Han style of the Ming Dynasty - sapphire blue cloth, wide robes and big sleeves, with vests or aprons decorated with beautiful patterns, especially the embroidered shoes on their feet. The exquisite patterns and dexterity of craftsmanship are amazing.

Address: Southeast end of Pingdi Town, Renhe District, Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province

Longitude: 101.871899

Latitude: 26.214932

Chinese PinYin : Yi Sha La