Long's ancestral hall

Long's ancestral hall

Located in bojiwan village, 10km south of Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, long's ancestral hall was built by Long Yun, the chairman of Yunnan Province during the period of the Republic of China. Built in 1930 and completed in 1942, the city wall covers an area of 26 mu. The main body consists of two buildings: ancestral temple and homestead. There are gatehouse, granary, crescent pool, garden, watchtower, tennis court, city wall, moat and other ancillary facilities. It contains rich historical information and has high historical value, scientific value and artistic value.

In February 2020, in order to thank the national medical staff for their dedication, the scenic spot implemented the free ticket preferential policy for medical workers and public security police in the national anti epidemic front line from the date of resumption of business to December 31, 2020.

Long's ancestral hall

Long's ancestral hall is the ancestral hall of Long Yun, chairman of Yunnan Province during the period of the Republic of China. It is located in Zhaoyang District, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province. In 1982, the second national cultural relics survey was carried out, and the ancestral hall of the long family was listed as a cultural relics protection unit at the county level. In 2003, it was announced as a cultural relics protection unit at the provincial level.

Before long Yun became the president of Yunnan Province, long laotaijun had driven his crane to the West. At the end of 1928, Long Yun first moved his mother's coffin to the north of Xiaosongshan in bojiwan, Zhaotong, to comfort his mother's spirit in heaven. Then in 1930, he built a ancestral temple in huilongwan. The purpose of Long's ancestral hall built by Long Yun is to arouse the family's sense of honor, belonging and national pride through the interpretation of righteousness and filial piety, so as to make the ancestral hall the spiritual home of the family.

area covered

The ancestral hall of the long family covers an area of 26.5 Mu and was built by long Zhizhen, the younger sister of Long Yun. The ancestral hall was completed in 1933. In 1935, the construction of the house and its ancillary works was suspended due to the death of long Zhizhen. In 1938, Long Yun sent his second son, long Shengzu, and Chen Chunchu, who was then the deputy commander of Zhaoxuan division of Yunnan Province, to continue the construction, and they were all completed in 1942.

In May 1943, Long Yun and his family went back to Zhaotong to worship their ancestors, which was warmly welcomed by all walks of life in Zhaotong. Longyun worshiped the ancestors of the long family with the highest etiquette of killing cattle of the Yi people. Later, Longyun's family came to Xiaosongshan to sweep the tomb for his mother. Long Yun did not return to Zhaotong for a long time. He only lived in the ancestral hall of Long's family for a few days. He received important officials of Zhaotong government, relatives and friends, and representatives of squires. Long Yun delivered a speech in the ancestral hall for more than two hours and talked about Anti Japanese and national salvation and his own ideas.

Structure of ancestral hall

Ancestral hall is a special place for Longyun family to offer sacrifices and hold important activities. It consists of a courtyard with three entrances, including a screen wall, a rolling door, a hall, two chambers and a main hall. In front of the hall, there is a stone carving of "Five Dragons holding saints", in the middle of which Chen Rongchang's book "Long's ancestral hall" is hung; in the main hall, there is a single eaves, covered with glazed tiles, decorated with two dragon opera treasures on the roof ridge, a stone platform in front of the hall, decorated with fence and pillar, a plaque such as "fengyuwan bear" written by Jiang Zhongzheng, and couplets inscribed by Zhang Taiyan, etc.

The courtyard is a traditional four in five patio building, including the main house, the inverted seat, the two chambers and the East and west corner watchtowers. The whole building is magnificent. Its components, such as the pillar, foundation, horn fan, sparrow, hanging, etc., are carved with characters' stories, auspicious animals' grass, rich ancient patterns, or painted with cloud dragons, rare birds and small scenes, reflecting the exquisite artistic level of Yunnan in terms of wood, stone carving and painting at that time.

Post maintenance

In 2005, the relevant departments measured the long's ancestral hall. Due to historical changes, there are many users and great changes in the internal structure of the ancestral hall, especially the serious damage of doors and windows, door railings and steps, resulting in the limited information left by the ancestral hall. In 2006, the core body repair project was officially started, which was carried out in three phases, with a total repair cost of 11 million yuan. At the end of 2008, the Zhaoyang District Party committee of Zhaotong City of the Communist Party of China decided to transfer the long's ancestral hall to the Zhaoyang District Federation of literary and art circles for management. The District Federation of literary and art circles followed the 16 character policy of the cultural relics protection law of "rescue first, protection first, rational utilization, and strengthening management". Without changing the pattern of the ancestral hall rooms, the exhibition boards were reasonably arranged so that more visitors could intuitively understand the history of Longyun and Zhaotong in the Republic of China . Today, the original restoration of Long's ancestral hall has been better protected. It is not only a modern landmark building, a palace of art, but also an important window to study the modern history of Yunnan.

As a native of Zhaotong, Long Yun built a ancestral hall in Zhaotong to comfort the spirits who raised his mother. The ancestral hall has been designed and built for nine years. The building retains the structure of axial symmetry and orderly arrangement on both sides. The courtyard is arranged in order. There are patios between the buildings. The buildings are well arranged and well spaced. It has the characteristics of traditional Chinese architecture and ethnic elements. The main building is of brick, stone and wood structure, and the top of the corridor is of beam lifting and bucket structure, with wooden plate rolling ceiling. The walls of Qingshui are white and gray. The whole ancestral hall is crisscrossed with beams and beams. The roof is vertical and horizontal. It is not only elegant and gorgeous, but also tolerant of each other. It combines Chinese and Western culture, national essence and filial piety culture. The multi culture has been fully interpreted in the long's ancestral hall.

The charm of ancestral hall

There are many ancestral halls in Yunnan, but the architectural design concept of Long's ancestral hall is very unique. The architectural charm of Long's ancestral hall is enduring. It is long Yun who abides by the principle of coexistence of tradition and openness that makes it have a long vitality. A ancestral hall can gather western art, minority culture, Confucianism and Taoism, rich and vivid historical allusions, which is the embodiment of Long Yun's advanced thought and his mind of embracing all rivers. Its characteristics are as follows.

Site selection

Longyun is a Yi nationality, and his ancestral home is not in the habit of building ancestral temple. After he became the provincial president, Longyun adopted the regulation of Han ancestral temple. In Kunming, he invited Mr. Feng Shui to choose huilongwan in Zhaotong. Using yandui mountain in the South as a barrier, he placed the ancestral Temple beside this thousand mu of good farmland, especially a natural stream of Longquan water, which flows all the year round and benefits the people around.

However, the low-lying areas in the north will accumulate chaotic stagnant water, which will not flow out. Waterlogging floods year by year. Long Yun ordered his younger sister long Zhizhen to build a six or seven kilometer long dam in the field, planted hundreds of pear trees and willows, and named it "Wengeng". So far, the water around the long's ancestral hall has a flow direction, and no longer causes flooding.

The architectural concept of integration of Chinese and Western

The ancestral hall of the long family is located in the north of Longtan, huilongwan. The ancestral hall covers an area of 26.5 Mu and faces north from south. The moat outside the ancestral hall is trapezoidal in shape and 4 meters wide. The water in the river is connected with the black mud pond. The river is clear and flexible, and lotus is planted in the river. The original city wall was rammed with soil, leaving only rubble walls. At present, the repaired city wall is made of brick with a height of 3.8 meters and a width of 3.2 meters. The crenels and parapets are restored. There is a blockhouse in the northwest corner of the city wall. The tall gate tower is built on the top of a hard hill and covered with green tiles. As soon as the ancestral hall enters the three courtyards, it forms a four in six patio, which is composed of a screen wall, a rolling door, a hall, two chambers and a main hall. It is a grand complex composed of four courtyard, main hall, two chambers, inverted block and watchtower.

Entering from the west gate, the first thing you can see is the west gate of the ancestral hall. The gate adopts the French Corinthian style architecture style, with gorgeous and solemn appearance and high door outline. On the Xumi pedestal, there are stone watchposts and gateposts to support the courtyard. The columns are independent and symmetrical, so that the force of the door frame is balanced. There is a sharp decoration on each side of the upright column. The brick arc-shaped door is whitewashed with plaster and painted with clay Colorful flower leaves. In the middle of the heart-shaped signs on both sides of the square column, there is a horizontal float, which is engraved with the Arabic numerals of 1933, indicating the age of the building of the long's ancestral hall. The gate of the ancestral hall is divided into the east gate and the west gate. There are stone horizontal plaques at the head of the gate and the words "Yuanyuan" and "Liuchang" in the books. The vermilion gate is equipped with a traditional lion head door ring.

When you step into the gate, the style of the inner door is changed to the traditional Chinese style. The eaves are carved with dragons and phoenixes, the column heads are suspended, and the tenon and mortise of the frame are fastened tightly. The two red painted gates are installed with Chinese style door tips, and the stone tenon of the top door is in the middle of both sides.

As soon as the ancestral hall enters the courtyard, the tall Triassic water type screen wall is one of the largest and best preserved buildings in Zhaotong. In the center of the screen wall, there are three marble landscape stone screens, four corners of the screen wall have animal kisses, the hollow pomegranate top on the ridge is decorated with pieces of clear flower porcelain, and the "Heaven Bodhisattva" on the eaves is open-minded and smiling, which is the most representative of the Yi nationality.

Zhaobi itself pays attention to not exposing Fengshui and protecting the family's fortune. The Zhaobi of Long's ancestral hall is "the village is not exposed, the village is a village, the family is not exposed, the family is a home", which metaphors the meaning that long's family is not exposed to the outside world, and the financial resources are not flowing out.

The second entrance of the ancestral hall is the western style gate, which is intended to separate the front courtyard. The two chambers of the ancestral hall are close to the hall, and the buildings in the courtyard are pavilions and pavilions. The courtyard is compact and exquisite, the corridor in the courtyard is connected, and the floor is paved with square bluestone, which has the architectural form of the government office.

On the ridge of the main hall and the top of the hill, two dragon pair gourds are inlaid with blue and white porcelain pieces. Iron lightning rod and wind vane are installed on the gourds, which are skillfully combined with the main hall. Although the whole ancestral hall does not have the atmosphere of northern architecture, it has the unique charm of Jiangnan, Huguang, Yunnan and so on. Clear water wall outlines the lines, wear Fang carved dragon carved Phoenix, Qin, Qi, calligraphy and painting, fortune, longevity, flower, bird, fish and insect patterns can be seen everywhere. Its craftsmanship is exquisite, even the magpie naomei, Songhe Yannian and other sketches in the spare place of lattice lattice are unique.

Exquisite wood carving structure

On the hanging are exquisite double-layer hollowed out wood carvings. The carvings are very skillful and well arranged. The patterns are mostly "pine and crane evergreen, longevity".

Chinese PinYin : Long Shi Jia Ci