Longbaotan Nature Reserve

Longbaotan black necked Crane Nature Reserve

synonym

Longbaotan nature reserve generally refers to longbaotan black necked Crane nature reserve

Longbaotan is located in Jielong Township, about 80 kilometers northwest of Jiegu Town, the capital of Yushu prefecture, Qinghai Province. There are high mountains on both sides, extending in parallel. In the middle of the valley, there is a 10 km long and 3 km wide valley, on which are exposed the remains of lakes and gravel barriers. In fact, it is a swamp of alpine meadow type. With an altitude of more than 4000 feet and a cold climate, it is the origin of rare birds, exotic animals and some valuable medicinal materials on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. It is known as the "hometown of black necked Crane" by bird experts in the world. It is a place that bird experts and scientific researchers in the world pay attention to and yearn for. There are more than ten kinds of birds, such as black necked Crane, spotted goose, merganser duck and Snowcock, which have not been hunted by the World Institute of rare birds.

geographical position

Longbaotan nature reserve is located about 80 kilometers northwest of Jiegu Town, the capital of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. This is a narrow valley about 10 kilometers long and 3 kilometers wide. On both sides of the valley are towering and rolling mushroom like mountains. Between the two mountains, there are vast flat swamp meadows. The natural environment is quiet and elegant.

natural condition

Longbaotan, more than 4200 meters above sea level, has a cold climate, humid environment, abundant rainfall, circuitous streams and swamps. It is a typical swamp meadow and alpine meadow area. In the middle of the beach, numerous Koizumis, crisscross streams and scattered marshes cut the grass beach into innumerable large and small sandbanks and isolated "islands", so wild animals can't get close to it.

Meteorology: the annual average temperature is 4 degrees below zero, the temperature in July is 9.3 degrees, the temperature in January is 11.1 degrees below zero, the accumulated temperature is 1027.4 degrees, the annual sunshine hours are 2300 hours, and the precipitation power is 730 mm.

ecological environment

There are many kinds of water plants on the island. There are many amphibians, reptiles and small molluscs in the marshes and streams around the island. The unique natural conditions and ecological environment create good conditions for birds to inhabit and breed. So every spring and summer, many precious migratory birds, such as black necked Crane, spotted goose and brown Headed Gull, fly here to breed. Black necked cranes, which are listed as the first class protected animals in China, fly to longbaotan in groups every year. According to statistics, more than 40 of the only 100 black necked cranes in China are concentrated in longbaotan.

Altitude of the reserve

The reserve is a long and narrow Intermountain basin with a total area of 100 square kilometers and a length of about 25 kilometers from east to west. It is surrounded by high mountains, with an altitude of 5000-5500 meters and an altitude of 4100-4200 meters at the bottom of the basin.

Tongtianhe

topographic features

Yiqu, a tributary of Tongtian River, passes through the area, forming five lakes with different sizes and water depths of 0.2-0.4 meters. There are many springs gushing out, with stable water volume and clean water. The meandering streams, the scattered lakes and marshes cut the grassland into numerous "sandbanks" and "islands" of different sizes, so it is difficult for wild animals to enter. The territory is rich in water and grass, ginseng and fern everywhere. In streams, lakes and marshes, amphibians and reptiles such as fish and frogs, aquatic zooplankton and plants breed in large and medium scale, with superior natural conditions and ecological environment, especially the ideal place for Tibetan people to breed black necked cranes and other birds.

Animal resources

From March to April every year, more than ten kinds of migratory birds, such as black necked Crane, spotted headed goose, brown Headed Gull, wild goose gull and Red duck, fly here from Yunnan Guizhou Plateau to live, nest, lay eggs and breed offspring.

black necked Crane

One of the 15 species of cranes

According to statistics, there are about 900 black necked cranes in the world, and many regions in the world have disappeared one after another, with only 100 in China. In 1984, 47 black necked cranes were found in longbaotan; in July and August 1986, 60 were found in longbaotan, including the young cranes of that year. Longlongbaotan has a large number of black necked cranes, which is known as the hometown of black necked cranes by ornithologists all over the world. In July 1986, the State Council approved the area as a national nature reserve. In 1990, the people's Government of Qinghai Province decided to designate the black necked Crane as a provincial bird.

migratory bird

It is the rarest and most precious species among the five kinds of cranes in the world outlook, and also the last discovered and one alpine species. It is a national first class protected animal. It is tall and above 1 meter in height, with red head and grayish white body tone. Only its neck, cheek and flying feather are black, so it is called black necked Crane. It is locally called "qingzhuang", "chongchong", "gane" and so on. In Tibetan, it is called "Gesar Dazi", which means "herdsman". It has the meaning of high purity and authority, and is highly respected by Tibetan compatriots. Black necked cranes usually nest here from March to April. At the end of April or at the beginning of April, they begin to hatch at the closing ceremony. Most of them have one nest and two eggs. The eggs overlap about 10 grams. The incubation period is 30 days. The nestlings follow their parents to forage and play on the beach. From October to November, when the cold came to the plateau, the big birds took their children to fly to the Yunnan Guizhou Plateau for the winter. It is a puzzling phenomenon that young birds forage in the wild beach, and there are often fierce fights between them, or even mutual injuries, until one side is killed, while the adult birds do not care. This phenomenon of cannibalism has aroused great interest of zoologists.

Life habit

According to the investigation, the black necked Crane Returning to the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and Yunnan Guizhou Plateau for a long time not only has its physiological needs and living habits, but also has enough food sources and safe habitat environment. There are mushroom shaped mountains on both sides of longbaotan. Although the climate is cold, it is a "paradise" for black necked cranes to inhabit and breed. Springs and streams crisscross and meander here, cutting the ground into countless isolated islands. The island is overgrown with weeds, and there are many amphibious and crawling molluscs, which can be eaten by cranes and birds. Moreover, the environment is safe and quiet, and wild animals are blocked by water. It is designated as black necked Crane nature reserve by the state.

Address: Southwest of Jiegu Town, Yushu County, Qinghai Province

Longitude: 96.977474

Latitude: 33.000998

Chinese PinYin : Long Bao Tan Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu