Meng Mulin

Meng Mulin

Mencius' mother forest is the burial place of Mencius' parents. Fu village is located 13 kilometers south of Qufu City. Later generations thought that Mencius became famous, to a large extent, because Mencius' mother moved three times to teach her children, so woodland was called "Mencius' forest". After Mencius died, later generations were also buried here. It covers an area of 38 hectares, surrounded by stone walls, and contains about 13000 trees. There are several stone tablets in yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. After entering the forest, the end of Shinto is the hall of enjoyment, which is surrounded by red walls. The hall has four eaves and three rooms, 10 meters long and 6 meters wide. At the back of the hall is the monument to the throne of Meng Gong and Meng Mu erected in the Qing Dynasty, and at the east of the hall is the tombstone of Meng Mu erected in the Ming Dynasty. 50 meters to the west of the courtyard is the tomb of Mencius' mother. The slope is 8 meters high and the surrounding area is 15 meters. In front of it, there are a confession, a stone tripod and a stone candle slave. In the northeast of the tomb of Meng's mother is the tomb of Meng Ning, the founder of Zhongxing in the 45th generation of Meng's family. The original stele was erected in 1333, the fourth year of the reign of emperor Zhishun of the Yuan Dynasty. It is engraved with "the picture of lineage" on the inside of the stele. The stele does not exist today.

brief introduction

Located 15 kilometers south of Qufu, mengmulin is the graveyard of Mengzi's mother Fu's family and some of its people. The cemetery covers an area of 570 mu. It is close to Ma'anshan in the West. Cypress trees are planted all over the mountain. The ancient trees are green and shaded. There are many tombs in the forest. On the east side of the tomb is a hall of enjoyment. The largest ancient cypress garden in the world.

The moving stories of "Meng Mu San Qian" and "duanji Jiao Zi" have been handed down till now. In memory of this great mother, in Zou County, Mencius' hometown, Mencius' temple and Mencius' forest were built long ago, and sites such as Mencius' former residence, Mencius' well and Mencius' broken machine place were preserved.

Mengmu forest is located at the foot of Ma'anshan, 25 miles north of Zoucheng, an ancient city. It is built around the mountain. It is a combination of mountains and forests. There are tens of thousands of ancient trees in the forest, such as pine, cypress, cypress, regular script and Quercus. In addition to the tombs of Mencius' mother and her husband Meng Ji, all the descendants of Mencius were buried in the forest after their death, which is one of the few well preserved clan cemeteries in China.

In front of the gate of Mengmu forest is a Shinto about 100 meters long and 140 meters wide. At the end of the Shinto is the hall for offering sacrifices to Mengmu. Sanying hall is surrounded by a large red wall in the square courtyard. Inside the hall, there were the shrine, offering table, incense burner and other sacrificial utensils. Fifty meters to the west of the courtyard, there is a big mound, which is the tomb of mother Meng.

The tomb of Mencius mother is more than 9 meters high, with a round bottom of more than 20 meters. In the yuan and Ming Dynasties, the stele, stone offering table, stone tripod, stone candle slave and other stone carvings set up to offer sacrifices to Meng Mu are arranged in front of the tomb. The original three stone tablets stand side by side in front of the tomb. In the middle is the tablet of the Duke of Ying and the Xuanxian lady of Ying in the 19th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1591). On the left is the tablet of Zou Gong's tomb Temple by sun Bi of Jin Dynasty, and on the right is the tombstone of Meng mu of Yuan Dynasty. Today, there is only one monument in the Yuan Dynasty.

About 10 meters to the southwest of the tomb of Meng Mu is the tomb of Meng zhongzi, the second ancestor of the Meng family. In front of the tomb, there is a stone tablet engraved with "new Taibo Tomb of Meng zhongzi" in addition to a stone table and a stone stove. Further to the northeast, there is the tomb of Meng Ning, the 45th generation grandson of Mencius, who was named the ancestor of Zhongxing. The tombstone was set up in the Yuan Dynasty. It is engraved with "the picture of lineage" recording the reproduction of the Meng family and the words "the fourth year of the Yuan Dynasty to Shun".

Historical allusions

A brief introduction to Mencius

Mencius' mother Lin "in the past, Mencius' mother chose her neighbor, and her son didn't study. More and more parents recited the" Three Character Classic "and rerouted the way that Mencius' mother moved three times. They searched for the source of the story and realized the great mother's feelings of teaching her son. Mencius' mother (? ~ 317 BC), Mencius' mother's surname, was born in the state of Zou in the Warring States period. She is diligent and thrifty. She perseveres in her ambition and raises her son. She has been careful, inspirational, diligent and diligent in her studies, and even makes an appointment with Li and Cheng Jin. For decades, she has made Mencius a success and left a complete set of parenting plans for later mothers. She has also become a model mother for thousands of generations and is widely respected in Chinese history. Li people praise her story, scholars praise her biography, dignitaries and Mencius descendants build a memorial temple for her. Later generations regard her as a model of mother with Ouyang Xiu's mother, Yue Fei's mother, and Tao Kan's mother, who is a famous general in Jin Dynasty. She is known as China's "four great virtuous mothers" and ranks first among "virtuous mothers".

Related records

Han Ying's Han Shi waizhuan in the Western Han Dynasty and Liu Xiang's lie Nu Zhuan are the earliest records of the story of Mencius' mother and children. According to records, Mencius lost his father at the age of 3 and his mother brought him up. Mencius mother not only carefully pays attention to her son's daily life, but also takes the trouble to improve her son's personality by "preaching" and "teaching by example".

Generally speaking, a person's personality was basically formed before the age of six, and has been deeply rooted ever since. After the age of six, the scope of activities gradually expands. Naturally, it will be affected by the surrounding environment, so that the fragile personality model that has been shaped will face a strong test. At this time, the environment is very important. At first, Mencius lived at the foot of Ma'anshan to the north of Zoucheng. There was a cemetery nearby. There were lots of tombs at the foot of the mountain. From time to time, he saw the situation of funeral. Children in the village chase and play. They also imitate the etiquette of adults in groups and play the role of funeral. Mencius also takes part in it and sometimes grabs the fruits from others. Mencius mother suddenly found that her son, who had always been clever and obedient, had been affected by the bad environment. In order to find a good living and learning environment for her son, Mencius mother began a long movement.

Mengmu relocation

After some twists and turns, the Meng family moved from Fu village to miaohuying village in the west of the city. This is a "market in the middle of the day" trading market. The new residence is adjacent to the market. The people who are far and near come to the market to trade and bargain with their own local products. The merchants sit in the market and the auction is noisy. This market is quite attractive to children. Moreover, his neighbor was a butcher who killed pigs. Mencius made pigs out of mud, killed them with bamboo slices and peddled them along the street. He learned to be penny pinching. Worried, Meng Mu moved again.

Mencius did not want her son to be an unknown person, nor did she disdain her son's philistine spirit. She must choose an environment suitable for her son's growth. For the third time, she moved her family to the school palace in Nanguan county. It's often near the Academy

There are always scholars coming and going. Their elegant charm, calm demeanor, elegant manners and regular manners all exert a subtle influence on the nearby residents. Especially the children who have just understood human affairs often gather under the big trees to practice the etiquette of bowing and giving way in the school palace. It is a solemn and solemn scene, which makes the inner heart of Mencius very happy "This is the best living environment for children!" she sighed heartily He sent Mencius to the academy to study, leaving behind the beautiful talk of "three migrations and choosing neighbors".

Mencius was born with spirituality and wisdom, but he also had the common playfulness of ordinary children. At first, Mencius was very interested in learning. After a long time, he was bored and often played truant. Mencius mother asked Mencius: "how much have you learned?" Mencius replied, "not yet learned." Mengmu was very angry. She picked up the knife and cut the warp on the loom in front of Mencius. Just when Mencius was stunned, his mother said, "your abandonment of learning is like cutting the thread on the loom. This cloth is woven by a thread. Now if I cut the thread, it can't be woven. The purpose of a gentleman's study is to achieve fame. Only by being knowledgeable and asking more questions can he increase wisdom. How can you become a useful person if you often play truant? You are lazy in self-cultivation instead of studying hard today. In the future, you can't stay away from the disaster and just do some errands. If you don't become a robber in the future, you will become a soldier! " Mencius used the word "Duanzhi" to describe "dropping out of school", and pointed out that we must have perseverance in doing things. Once we have a clear goal, we will not be interfered by the outside world. If we give up halfway, the consequences will be very serious. The scene of "Duanzhi Yuxue" left a distinct impression of both shock and fear in Mencius' small mind. Mencius worked hard all day and finally became a master of Confucianism in the history of our country.

Example is more important than words

Mencius' mother knew that to be honest, especially in the daily small things to cultivate Mencius' trustworthy character, the so-called "words must be true, deeds must be fruit", and she deeply knew that teaching by example is more important than preaching. When the Meng family was still living next to the market in miaohuying village, some people killed pigs in the East, and Mencius asked his mother, "why do you kill pigs next door?" Mencius mother was busy at that time, so she said casually, "here you are!" Mencius was very happy, waiting for the meat. In order not to lose faith with her son, despite the difficulties at home, Meng's mother took the money to buy a piece of pork from her neighbor's house in the East and let her son have a good time. "Killing the dolphin without deceiving the son" has created Mencius' character of "faith" in "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and faith".

The story of "Mencius gave birth to his wife" can better reflect the wisdom of Mencius' mother and children. One summer noon, the weather was extremely hot. Mencius' wife Tian was weaving in the room. Because of the heat, she took off her coat. At this time, Mencius pushed the door and came in. Seeing his wife's untidy clothes, he was very angry. He thought that his wife had lost her etiquette and wanted to divorce her. Mencius' mother scolded Mencius when she knew about it, saying, "the etiquette system stipulates that when you enter the room, you should first ask who is in the room; when you go to the hall, you should make a sound; when you enter the room, you should look down. This is to respect the privacy of others. And you didn't do it according to the rules of etiquette. You didn't knock at the door first, and you didn't make a sound, so you stepped into the hall. When you ask others to be polite, you should respect them first. It's your impoliteness that comes first,

Chinese PinYin : Meng Mu Lin