Guilin stone house

Located at the south foot of Zijin Mountain in Nanjing, Guilin stone house was originally the villa of Lin Sen, chairman of the government of the Republic of China. It was built in 1932 and donated by Guangzhou municipal government. The stone house is divided into two layers, built with Qinglongshan stone and surrounded by Osmanthus fragrans, so it is named Guilin stone house. There are 170 stone steps leading to the foot of the mountain in front of the house, and Daming ditch built with tiger skin stone behind the house to prevent mountain torrents. During the Anti Japanese War, the stone house was bombed by the Japanese army, and half of the frame remained. As the stone houses in Guilin have long been in ruins, few people have paid attention to them.

Guilin stone house

Located at the south foot of Zijin Mountain in Nanjing, Guilin stone house was originally the villa of Lin Sen, chairman of the government of the Republic of China. It was built in 1932 and donated by Guangzhou municipal government. The stone house is divided into two layers, built with Qinglongshan stone and surrounded by Osmanthus fragrans, so it is named Guilin stone house. There are 170 stone steps leading to the foot of the mountain in front of the house, and Daming ditch built with tiger skin stone behind the house to prevent mountain torrents. During the Anti Japanese War, the stone house was bombed by the Japanese army, and half of the frame remained. As the stone houses in Guilin have long been in ruins, few people have paid attention to them.

brief introduction

Guilin stone house is located in Gaofu, east of Zhongshan Mausoleum and west of Linggu Temple. It is one of Dr. Sun Yat Sen's memorial buildings, but little known.

The walls are made of stone strips of Qinglong mountain, surrounded by Osmanthus fragrans, so it is called "Guilin stone house". The owner of the stone house is Lin Sen, the chairman of the national government at that time. This area has beautiful scenery in autumn, and Lin Sen likes it.

Guilin stone house is located in Gaofu on the east of Zhongshan Mausoleum and the west of Linggu Temple. The owner of the stone house is Lin Sen, the chairman of the national government at that time. To be exact, Guilin stone house is only Lin Sen's summer palace. At that time, Linsen's residence was in "Shibanqiao", but this place name is rarely known. According to relevant records, the place name "Shibanqiao" was abandoned around 1935. It was probably located behind the Great Hall of the people (now the Great Hall of the people). At that time, it was very convenient for Lin Sen to work in the presidential palace at 299 Changjiang Road. Now this place has already been covered by Nanjing Cigarette Factory, and the residence has no trace to follow, leaving no carrier for people to comment on.

The value of stone carving

First, the stone railings, capitals, horns and steles of Guilin stone house are consistent with the style of Ming Dynasty Royal architecture. After walking through the end of the stone steps, you come to the gate Pavilion of Guilin stone house. Now there are only four broken stone railings in the gate Pavilion. On the other hand, there is a very small platform. The stone railings around are all in the style of Ming Dynasty Royal architecture. The stone column heads are made of Panlong and cloud patterns, and the carvings are extremely exquisite. On the other hand, each corner of the front of the stone house is decorated with horned crabs commonly used in ancient buildings. From the site, there are four horned crabs, only one of which is relatively intact, and the rest are incomplete. The carving style of these horns is consistent with that of the Ming Palace Museum. There were many palaces in the imperial palace of Ming Dynasty. According to the Jiaohe at the site, it should be the stone carvings of some side palaces (East and West palaces), while the volume of Jiaohe in the three main palaces (Fengtian hall, Huagai hall and Jinshen Hall) should be larger. Judging from the decorative style of the antique palace style buildings in Nanjing during the Republic of China, there is no architectural ornament with the same style as that of the Ming Dynasty. For example, the horn of the arena of the National Stadium simplifies the complex appearance of the ancient horn, which is more concise; and the horn of the Guanghua Pavilion is more simplified to be composed of moire. The stone columns of the Republic of China buildings in Nanjing are usually made of granite or cement, and most of them are decorated with moire. The highest standard is the stone column and column head of "Meiling Palace", which is carved with white marble Phoenix column head (it is said that Chiang Kai Shek specially made it to express his love for Song Meiling), but there has never been Panlong column head. Because it was not long after the overthrow of the imperial system, how could the rulers regard themselves as dragons again? There was no dragon in Dan Bi. In addition, the as like as two peas in the stone house, two pieces of stone inscription, two pieces of the stone are almost the same. The words (the back of the other piece has been buried in the soil). It can be concluded that these two steles are at least the Royal steles of the Qing Dynasty, because it is impossible for the imperial steles to appear in the buildings of the Republic of China. Whether they are relics of the Ming Imperial Palace remains to be verified. Second, there is a significant difference between these stone carvings and the stones used to build the walls of Guilin stone houses. They appear to be very old and their surfaces are very old. According to the comparison with the architectural sites of Ming Xiaoling, it is found that they are very close. The stone of the wall is relatively new in terms of color and degree of weathering. It was mined and built in the period of the Republic of China. Third: judging from Lin Sen's personal interests, it is very likely that these stone carvings were transferred from the Ming Palace Museum site by Lin Sen. Linson himself is very fond of ancient culture and appreciates ancient architecture. He approved the construction of "East Palace" and "West Palace" on the site of the Ming Palace Museum. He also hoped to establish a central administrative region on the site of the Ming Palace Museum and gradually restore and protect the buildings of the Ming Palace Museum. At that time, there were a large number of stone carvings on the site of the Ming Palace Museum. Therefore, it is entirely possible to use some stone carvings from the site of the Ming Palace Museum to decorate their villas and satisfy their spiritual pursuit.

history

Construction history

The stone house started construction in April 1931 and was designed by Yang Guangxu, the cemetery engineer. It was completed in June 1933 at a cost of 20000 yuan and donated by Guangzhou municipal government. In the autumn of 1937, the Japanese invaders madly attacked Nanjing. In the process of plane bombing, the Japanese pilots saw this distinctive blue gray building over the eastern suburbs and decided that it was the residence of a high-ranking official of the national government, that is, the bomb was dropped. The villa was immediately destroyed in the sea of fire.

During the Anti Japanese War, the stone house was bombed by the Japanese army and only half of the frame remained. After the liberation, because Guilin stone house has become a ruin and is located in a remote place, few people have paid attention to it, and the secret of a section of Guilin stone house has been buried for more than half a century. Now the stone house in Guilin is included in Linggu Temple Park, and the road leading to the stone house has been built, which makes it convenient for tourists to visit the stone house. In order to let future generations have a deep understanding of this period of history, the stone house will not be restored for the time being, showing people its original appearance. Today's site is surrounded by lush green, covered with bluestone gravel. From the collapsed outline, it can be seen that the upper layer of the stone house is the living room, dining room, bedroom, toilet and guest house, the lower layer is the semi basement, with kitchen and servant room, and the outer side of the house foundation and corridor are carved with dragon attached turtle, which is exquisite. The whole house is made of green stone and purple stone, and surrounded by osmanthus trees, so it is called "Guilin stone house".

present situation

The stone house was built from April 1932 to June 1933, which was donated by Guangzhou municipal government. It was destroyed during the Anti Japanese War and only remains.

Address: Linggu Temple Scenic Area

Longitude: 118.86709232275

Latitude: 32.054062426594

Ticket information: Linggu Temple in Nanjing ticket: 80 yuan (including Zhongshan Mausoleum, you can take the small train in the scenic spot free of charge with the ticket)

Opening hours: 06:30-18:30

Chinese PinYin : Gui Lin Shi Wu