Nanzhuangtou site

Nanzhuangtou site is located about 2km northeast of nanzhuangtou village, Xushui County, Hebei Province. Surrounded by Nihewan, Zhoukoudian, shandingdong and other ancient cultural sites, it is the earliest Neolithic site in northern China, about 10500-9700 years ago. The site covers an area of about 20000 square meters. Five ash ditches, two ash pits and two fire ruins have been found. The unearthed relics are rich in human activities, such as stone grinding plate, stone grinding stick, bone cone, bone needle, seed and a small amount of deep gray pottery with sand, red brown pottery with sand, stone chips and ditches. In addition, there are animal bones of rats, chickens, dogs, wolves, pigs and deer, some of which are barbecued and cut. The discovery of nanzhuangtou site fills the gap between the Neolithic culture and the late Paleolithic culture in Cishan and Peiligang of northern China, and has important academic value. At the same time, it also provides precious stratigraphic sections for the study of the Holocene climate and environment changes in northern China. In addition, the rich relics of the site provide very important materials for the study of the cultural characteristics of the early Neolithic culture in northern China and the origin of agriculture, animal husbandry and pottery industry. Nanzhuangtou site is an early Neolithic site in North China. It is located 2 km north of nanzhuangtou village, Gaolin village, Xushui County, and 12 km south of the county seat. Nanzhuangtou site is located in the front of the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain and the western edge of the North China alluvial plain. The surrounding terrain gradually increases in the northwest and gradually decreases in the southeast. The site is located between Pinghe River and jizhaohe River, with an altitude of 21.4 meters. Some cultural layers are exposed on the cliff in the northern part of the site, which are covered with thick black and gray lacustrine deposits. The site covers an area of 20000 square meters and is well preserved.

Nanzhuangtou site

Nanzhuangtou site is located about 2km northeast of nanzhuangtou village, Xushui District, Baoding City, Hebei Province, between Pinghe River and Jizhuo river. Surrounded by Nihewan, Zhoukoudian, shandingdong and other ancient cultural sites, it is the earliest Neolithic site in northern China, about 10500-9700 years ago.

Nanzhuangtou site covers an area of about 20000 square meters. Five ash ditches, two ash pits and two fire relics have been found.

Nanzhuangtou site is rich in unearthed relics, including stone grinding plate, stone grinding stick, bone cone, bone needle, seed, a small amount of sand containing dark gray pottery, sand containing red brown pottery, stone chips, ditch and other footprints of human activities, as well as the bones of rats, chickens, dogs, wolves, pigs, deer and other animals, some of which have traces of barbecue and cutting.

In July 2001, nanzhuangtou site was announced as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

Explore history

In 1986, cultural deposits were found under the black silting soil in nanzhuangtou. A number of animal remains, plant seeds, stone tools, pottery pieces, human life and production relics, and antlers with artificial cutting marks were found. According to the identification of the National Archaeological authority, the relic is later than the peak cave people and earlier than the Cishan culture, about 10000 years ago.

In 1987, the Department of Archaeology of Peking University, the Department of history of Hebei University, the Institute of cultural relics of Hebei Province and the municipal and county cultural relics departments jointly excavated the nanzhuangtou site, covering an area of 51 square meters, with three exploration sites (T1 ~ T3).

During the excavation of nanzhuangtou site, a large number of animal bones, bird bones, antlers, mussels, shells, charcoal and seeds were unearthed, as well as a stone grinding plate, a stone grinding stick, bone and horn ware. Most of the animal skeletons belong to deer family. Among the unearthed cultural relics, more than ten pieces of pottery have been found. The walls of these pieces are about 0.8-1.0 cm thick, with low firing temperature and loose texture. According to the quality of the pottery, it can be divided into two types: deep gray pottery with sand and brown pottery with mica.

The unearthed specimens from nanzhuangtou site were dated 9700-10500 years ago (without tree ring correction) by C 14 dating. These pieces are one of the earliest pottery products with exact strata and age obtained from archaeological excavation in China. It is inferred from the texture of these pieces that China should have a longer history of pottery development.

significance

The discovery of nanzhuangtou site fills the gap between the Neolithic culture and the late Paleolithic culture in Cishan and Peiligang of northern China, and has important academic value. At the same time, it also provides precious stratigraphic sections for the study of the Holocene climate and environment changes in northern China. In addition, the rich relics of the site provide very important materials for the study of the cultural characteristics of the early Neolithic culture in northern China and the origin of agriculture, animal husbandry and pottery industry.

Nanzhuangtou site is an early Neolithic site in North China. It is located 2 km north of nanzhuangtou village, Gaolin village, Xushui County, and 12 km south of the county seat. Nanzhuangtou site is located in the front of the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain and the western edge of the North China alluvial plain. The surrounding terrain gradually increases in the northwest and gradually decreases in the southeast. The site is located between the Pinghe River and the jizhaohe River, with an altitude of 21.4 meters. Some cultural layers are exposed on the cliff in the northern part of the site, which are covered with thick black and gray lacustrine deposits. The site covers an area of 20000 square meters and is well preserved.

Nanzhuangtou site is an important cultural relic of the early Neolithic Age in China. Its age is nearly 2000 years earlier than that of the Neolithic Age in the Yellow River Basin represented by the Cishan culture. The Neolithic cultures of Cishan and Peiligang have developed primitive agriculture, livestock raising and pottery making. Before that, there should be a long period of development.

In nanzhuangtou site, there are grain processing tools such as stone grinding plate and stone grinding stick, livestock such as pigs and dogs, and pottery. This brings forward the history of China's agriculture, livestock industry, and pottery making a period of time, and provides new information and clues for the study of the origin of Chinese civilization.

protective measures

In July 2001, nanzhuangtou site was announced by the State Council as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Tourism information

Nanzhuangtou site is located about 2km northeast of nanzhuangtou village, Xushui District, Baoding City, Hebei Province, between Pinghe River and jizhaohe river.

Address: Northeast of nanzhuangtou village, Xushui County, Baoding City, North Province (about 2 km)

Longitude: 115.657269

Latitude: 39.111948

Ticket information: 20 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Nan Zhuang Tou Yi Zhi