Huo Quan

Huo spring, or Huoshan spring, is located at the foot of Huoshan mountain and is no more than 100 meters away from Xiasi. According to Li Daoyuan's shuijingzhu in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Huo water comes from Huotai mountain, and the pool is made of water, which is several feet deep. It is composed of the pavilion of sharing water and stele. The sea field is a water source pond, covering an area of about 80 square meters. It is built close to the mountain and protected by the source. Four cubic meters of water flows out every hour and flows westward. As early as the Zhenguan period of Tang Dynasty, Huoquan could irrigate more than 100000 mu of land, which could have benefited the people, but brought heavy disaster to the people of Hongdong and Zhaocheng counties. According to "Shanxi Tongzhi" records: "Hongzhao fight for water, age is long, to two counties do not marry each other.". Instigated by the local local tyrants and evil gentry, the two counties kept fighting for the spring water, which lasted for hundreds of years. According to the inscriptions, Hongzhao county began to divide water in the first year of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty. At that time, stones were built in Hanoi to separate the water. After a long time, the stones moved. Until the third year of Yongzheng reign in the Qing Dynasty (1725 AD), under the leadership of Pingyang magistrate Liu Dengyong, Huoquan water was divided into "three seven", Zhaocheng seven and Hongdong three, and a water dividing pavilion was built. Under the pavilion, ten holes were separated by iron pillars, which was the junction of Hongdong and Zhaocheng. Later, the stele pavilion was built. The inscriptions in the pavilion record the situation of water diversion, and the inscriptions in the tomb engrave the water diversion map. After liberation, special organizations were set up to ensure the rational use of water resources. Now, the water dividing pavilion has become a historical relic. Li Rui, one of the "ten li talents" in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem about Huo Quan: "the clear water reflects the Danxia, and splashes the shallow sand. Dark through the grass, out of the hole flowers. Plain color and clouds fall, and the noise slants around the stone. In the Ming Dynasty, he went to the Ruan Lang family Ruan Lang's family refers to the beautiful world with quiet environment. In Li Rui's poems, Huo Quan is expected to flow out of the beautiful world.

Huo Quan

Huoquan is at the foot of Huoshan mountain, 17 kilometers northeast of Hongdong County, Shanxi Province. Guangsheng temple, a national key cultural relic protection unit, is located at the south foot of Huoshan mountain, 17 kilometers northeast of Hongdong county. Huoquan also originated here. Huo spring, or Huoshan spring, is located at the foot of Huoshan mountain, only 100 meters away from the lower Temple of Guangsheng temple. According to Li Daoyuan's shuijingzhu in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Huo water comes from Huotai mountain. The pool is made of water, which is several feet deep. It is also known as Guangsheng Temple spring. It is composed of Haichang, Fenshui Pavilion, Beiting and shuishen temple. It is a famous tourist attraction and irrigation water source.

General situation of hydrology

Huoquan, also known as Guangsheng Temple spring, is exposed at the foot of Guangsheng temple in front of Huoshan mountain, 15km northeast of Hongdong county. The spring has concentrated dew points. The average annual flow from 1956 to 1993 is 3.91 m3 / s, which is dynamic and stable. After the spring expansion in 1958, a intercepting trough with a length of 155 m, a width of 5 m and a depth of 6 ~ 7 m was built, in which 108 large and small springs overflowed from the Ordovician limestone on the east side of the mountain, belonging to karst rising spring. The spring water outcrop elevation is 581.6m. The quality of spring water is good, which is HCO < sub3 < / sub · so < sub4 < / sub Ca · mg type water, salinity 536mg / L, total hardness 354.6mg/l, water temperature 14 ℃.

The spring field is located in the bedrock mountain area on the east side of Linfen basin. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south. The highest elevation is 2530m, and the lowest elevation is about 600m. The ridge is saddle shaped, the east slope inclines to the basin, and the west slope is strongly cut. The annual precipitation is 400 ~ 600mm. The rivers in mountainous areas are intermittent rivers, which flow into honganjian River, a tributary of Fenhe River, on the west side and Qinhe River on the east side.

Key protection scope

It covers an area of 11 square kilometers from guguhe, daojue and Dong'an in the south, to harzili in the north, to hongtahougou in the East and to Xiaogou in Chai village in Dong'an in the West. According to the analysis of the Research Report of Huoquan karst water system in Shanxi Province, Huoquan is not a full discharge spring. In addition to the 3.91 m3 / s outflow of spring water, 0.4 m3 / s flows through the semi water blocking boundary from getong to paizili in the west to recharge the basin. Therefore, the annual average total recharge of karst groundwater in the spring area is 4.31 m3 / s. The exploitable capacity is 3.18 m3 / s, equivalent to 100.36 m3 / A. Huoquan has been used for agricultural irrigation for more than 1300 years. According to the evaluation results in 1987, the average annual discharge is 3.91 m3 / s, the available quantity is 3.2 m3 / s, and the actual outflow in 2001 is 3.13 m3 / s. The annual water intake of Shanxi Coking Group and Hongdong chemical fertilizer plant around the spring source is 0.61 m3 / s, the urban water diversion of Hongdong county is 0.1 m3 / s, and the rest of the water is occupied by agricultural irrigation in Huoquan irrigation area and water diversion from nanyuanquting reservoir. The average available amount of spring water for many years is 101 million m3, the actual utilization amount is 98.8 million m3, and the utilization rate reaches 98.8%, with no surplus water Available.

Historical evolution

According to Li Daoyuan's shuijingzhu in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Huo water comes from Huotai mountain, and the pool is made of water, which is several feet deep. It is said in Zhaocheng county annals in the seventh year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty: "Huo spring originates from the mountains of Qinyuan County, flows through the South seeping beach of Yueyang, flows 80 Li, and returns to the southeast of the county at the foot of Huoshan." In order to confirm the theory of the Qing Dynasty, scholars from Shanxi University once put phenols and phthalides into the seeping beach, and then took samples at huoquankou to confirm the record of "Fuliu 80 Li". Huo Taishan, also known as Taiyue Mountain, is the middle mountain of Tang Dynasty.

allusion

The sea field is a water source pond, covering an area of about 80 square meters. It is built close to the mountain and protected by the source. Four cubic meters of water flows out every hour and flows westward. As early as the Zhenguan period of Tang Dynasty, Huoquan could irrigate more than 100000 mu of land, which could have benefited the people, but brought heavy disaster to the people of Hongdong and Zhaocheng counties. According to "Shanxi Tongzhi" records: "Hongzhao fight for water, age is long, to two counties do not marry each other.". Instigated by the local local tyrants and evil gentry, the two counties kept fighting for the spring water, which lasted for hundreds of years. In order to fight for water rights, the people of the two places often fight fiercely. In light, they break their waist and legs, fracture their ribs and fans, and in heavy, they close their eyes and climb their legs to see the devil. The fight between the two sides became fiercer and fiercer. Later, the two sides broke off all relations. They didn't communicate with each other except when they were fighting. "Shanxi Tongzhi" records: "Hongzhao fight for water, age is long, to two counties do not marry each other.". During the reign of Zhenyuan, the people of the two counties fought fiercely for Huo Quanshui, which became white hot. The government's repeated mediation and military barrage were difficult to quell. In the spring of this year, riots began again, and the magistrate of Pingyang (now Linfen) called on the two counties, Hong and Zhao, to work out an unthinkable strategy to put an end to the chaos. After being approved by the gentry of the two counties, the "strategy" was put into practice by widely posting notices. One day, in front of Huoquan's water temple, the magistrate set up a large oil pot and threw ten copper coins at the bottom of the pot. First, he burned the oil in the pot to a boil, and then ordered the strong men selected by the two counties to fish out the oil pot by hand. If he got a few coins, he would get some water. With the cheers of the people in the two barracks, the audience was silent after the three gongs. But seeing Zhao Cheng's hard sweat, he rushed to the side of the pot like a bolt. He put his hand into the boiling oil pot and grabbed seven copper coins. The right hand and arm of the strong man were fried to scorch. The man who won seven shares of Huoquan water for Zhao City was regarded as the hero of Zebei side by the county, and the ancestral hall of "hero Temple" was built on one side of the water temple.

Water distribution Pavilion

According to the inscriptions, Hongzhao county began to divide water in the first year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty. At that time, stones were built in Hanoi to separate the water. After the "three or seven points" of "oil pot for money", Hongzhao county still argued and fought for Huoquan county. In 1725 A.D., under the leadership of Pingyang magistrate Liu Dengyong, Huoquan water was divided into three parts, Zhaocheng water was divided into seven parts, Hongdong water was divided into three parts, and a water dividing pavilion was built. Under the pavilion, ten holes were separated by iron pillars, which was the junction of Hongdong and Zhaocheng water. Although the government sent Yamen to strictly guard the Fenshui Pavilion, the two counties moved the battlefield to the other side's canal head. Later, the stele pavilion was built. The inscriptions in the pavilion record the situation of water diversion, and the inscriptions in the tomb engrave the water diversion map. After liberation, special organizations were set up to ensure the rational use of water resources. The water dividing pavilion has become a historical relic. Li Rui, one of the "ten li talents" in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem about Huo Quan: "the clear water reflects the Danxia, and splashes the shallow sand. Dark through the grass, out of the hole flowers. Plain color and clouds fall, and the noise slants around the stone. In the Ming Dynasty, he went to the Ruan Lang family Ruan Lang's family refers to the beautiful world with quiet environment. In Li Rui's poems, Huo Quan is expected to flow out of the beautiful world.

Water Temple

The water temple is a custom temple for offering sacrifices to Huoquan God. The water temple is separated by a wall on the west side of Xiasi. The main hall is called mingyingwang hall, which is a place for offering sacrifices to Huoquan God. Ming Yingwang hall is a building of Yuan Dynasty, built in 1319 ad, with double eaves and a corridor around. In the hall, there is a statue of Ming Ying Wang sitting in the middle of the shrine. There are four maids on both sides. The figures are dressed delicately and vividly. Under the shrine, there are four clay statues of Ministers standing in two columns, with different facial expressions.

On the four walls of the water temple, there are nearly 200 square meters of murals of the Yuan Dynasty, which are the works of the first year of yuantaiding (1324 AD). According to the title records, they were all painted by folk painters in Hongdong and Zhaocheng at that time. The murals are rich and colorful. There are pictures of rain and rain on the East and west walls, fairy tales and fantastic imagination. In addition, there are several pictures of selling fish, food, treasure, playing ball and playing chess, which are full of local customs. There are gardens, cottages, markets, people and folk customs on the pictures, just like a miniature of Yuan Dynasty society, full of rich flavor of life and local color.

Chinese PinYin : Huo Quan