Zhenhai building

Zhenhai tower is one of the landmark buildings in Guangzhou and a national cultural relic protection unit. The building is 25 meters high, rectangular, 31 meters wide and 16 meters deep. The lower two walls are made of red sandstone stones, and brick walls are built on more than three floors. The outer walls are reduced layer by layer. There are five layers of compound eaves, covered with green glazed tiles, decorated with Shiwan colored glaze, Aoyu ridge, red walls and green tiles. They are majestic and spectacular, and are known as "the first scenic spot in Lingnan". On the front of the top floor of Zhenhai building, there is a horizontal plaque of "Zhenhai building". Couplets on both sides of Zhenhai Tower: "thousands of robberies, dangerous buildings still exist, ask who to pick up the fight against moxiao, eyes empty now and in the past; five hundred years, so Hou an is here, make me lean on the fence to see the sword, tears of heroes 1. Zhenhai building has a remarkable atmosphere. It has been listed as one of the "Eight Sights of Yangcheng" in ancient and modern times by "Zhenhai building", "Yuexiu overlooking" and "Yuexiu building". In 1380, when Zhu Liangzu, the Marquis of Yongjia, expanded Guangzhou City, he extended the northern city wall to Yuexiu mountain. At the same time, he built a five story building on the mountain to strengthen the view. Zhenhai building was destroyed five times and built five times in history. Now it is a reinforced concrete structure, which was rebuilt from wooden frame in 1928. It became the Municipal Museum of Guangzhou in 1929. In 1950, it was renamed Guangzhou Museum, which displays the cultural relics and historical materials of Guangzhou City in 2000 years.

Zhenhai building

Zhenhai tower, also known as Wanghai tower, is located in xiaopanlonggang, Yuexiu mountain (Yuexiu Park), Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. It is one of the landmark buildings of Guangzhou City and a cultural relic protection unit of Guangdong Province. The building is 25 meters high, rectangular, 31 meters wide and 16 meters deep. The lower two walls are built with red sandstone stones, and brick walls are built above three floors. The outer walls are reduced layer by layer. There are five layers of compound eaves, covered with green glazed tiles, decorated with Shiwan colored glaze Aoyu ridge, red walls and green tiles. It is majestic and spectacular, and is known as "the first scenic spot in Lingnan". Zhenhai building is located on the small panlonggang of Yuexiu mountain. The building, also known as "Wanghai building", was changed from "Wangjiang" to "Wanghai" because of the wide river channel in Zhuhai at that time. Because the building is five stories high, it is also known as "five story building". In front of the building, there are inscriptions of past dynasties, and on the right side are 12 ancient cannons. In 1380, when Zhu Liangzu, the Marquis of Yongjia, expanded Guangzhou City, he extended the northern city wall to Yuexiu mountain. At the same time, he built a five story building on the mountain to strengthen the view. Zhenhai building was destroyed five times and built five times in history. Now it is a reinforced concrete structure, which was rebuilt from wooden frame in 1928. It became the Municipal Museum of Guangzhou in 1929. In 1950, it was renamed Guangzhou Museum, which displays the cultural relics and historical materials of Guangzhou City in 2000 years. In March 2013, Zhenhai building was listed in the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

introduce

Zhenhai tower, also known as Wanghai tower, is located in xiaopanlonggang, Yuexiu mountain. In 1380 (the 13th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty), Zhu Liangzu, the Marquis of Yongjia, expanded Guangzhou City, extended the city wall to Yuexiu mountain, and built a five storey building on the top of the mountain, commonly known as the five storey building. At that time, the water surface of the Pearl River was wide, and it was magnificent to look up from the tower, so it was called "Wanghai tower". After taking the meaning of its majestic town Haijiang, also known as zhenhailou.

Architectural features

Zhenhai building is commonly known as five storey building because of its five storey height. The building, also known as "Wanghai building", was changed from "Wangjiang" to "Wanghai" because of the wide river channel in Zhuhai at that time. In front of the building, there are inscriptions of past dynasties, and on the right side are 12 ancient cannons. It is the most intact, the most powerful and the most national ancient building in Guangzhou. Zhenhai tower is 28 meters high, rectangular, 31 meters wide and 16 meters deep. The lower two walls are built with red stone, while the upper one is built with green brick. The thickness of the bottom wall is 3.86M, and the thickness of the top wall decreases layer by layer. There are 5 layers of eaves, green glazed tile cover. Decorated with Shiwan Aoyu flower ridge. The five storey building gradually reduces its width and depth, making Zhenhai tower look like a tower and a tower. Guangfu people call Zhenhai building "five storey building". Because of the endless beautiful scenery, it is also known as "the first building south of Wuling" and "the first scenic spot in Lingnan".

Zhenhai tower has been destroyed by fire and man-made destruction for more than 600 years since the late fourteenth century. Among them, "rebuilding Zhenhai tower stele", which was set up in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, can be used as evidence. After that, when Zhenhai building was rebuilt again in 1928, the original wooden building floor was changed into reinforced concrete structure, and the local Shiwan colored glaze pottery was introduced as the decoration of tiled ridge and eaves angle.

A horizontal plaque of "Zhenhai tower" is hung on the front of the building, and a couplet is hung on both sides: "thousands of robberies, dangerous buildings still exist. Ask who will fight against the mountain, and your eyes are empty in the past and in the present; five hundred years ago, Hou an is here, which makes me lean on the fence to see the sword and shed tears on the hero!". There is a permanent exhibition "Guangzhou history exhibition" in the building, which shows the culture, customs and urban development of Guangzhou in the past five or six thousand years. In front of the building, there are inscriptions of past dynasties, and on the right side are 12 ancient cannons. It is the starting point and the highest point of the traditional central axis of Guangzhou.

history

Zhenhai tower, originally known as Wanghai tower, is located in the upper north of Fucheng. In 1380, Zhu Liangzu of Yongjia extended Guangzhou City, merged the three cities of Song Dynasty (Zicheng, East and West), and developed the north city of more than 800 feet. The city wall crossed Xiushan, and a five story high-rise building was built on it. The building has the meaning of a majestic coastal area, so it is called Zhenhai building. It has five stories of compound eaves and is more than eight Zhang high. (Unified records of the Ming Dynasty). It was built in the early Ming Dynasty. During the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty (1465-1487), Han Yong, then the commander of the Guangdong and Guangxi military affairs, made heavy repairs. Later, the whole building was burned down. In the 24th year of Jiajing (1545) of the Ming Dynasty, the governor Cai Jing (a Zhang Jing) and his servant Zhang Yue rebuilt Zhenhai building. At that time, the southeast coast was often attacked by Japanese pirates, and the coastal areas were not tranquil, so it was necessary to strengthen coastal defense. Therefore, Zhang Yue named it Zhenhai building, which means "Xiongzhen Haijiang". This is the first reconstruction. After this reconstruction, "the rules and regulations are as old as ever, and the grandeur and magnificence are regarded as old.". In front of the building is a pavilion, which is called Yanggao. On the left and right sides of the pavilion, which crosses Quzhou, are Huabiao. On the left side, it is called Jiaxie. On the right side, it is called feishen, which is nothing in the past. " (stele of Zhenhai tower by Zhang Yue).

In 1637, Jiang Yihong, the governor of Guangdong Province, repaired it again.

In the early Qing Dynasty, the Qing army captured Guangzhou, and Zhenhai building was damaged by war.

In 1651 (the eighth year of Shunzhi), Wang shangkexi of Pingnan carried out the third overhaul of Zhenhai building on the basis of the original building. Because the building is close to the palace, people from the state are forbidden to visit. The garrison is stationed in Yuexiu mountain, with official guards, pigeons and reindeer in front of the building.

In 1661, when Li Qifeng was the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, he worshipped the emperor Wenwu upstairs. Zhenhai tower once again became a place for Guangzhou people to visit. For a while, "singing cup tea, then no empty day." This is the second repair after entering the Qing Dynasty.

In 1683, Zhenhai building was destroyed again because of the San Francisco rebellion.

From 1685 to 1687, Wu xingzuo, governor of Guangdong and Guangdong provinces, and Li Shizhen, governor of Guangdong Province, reconstructed this structure. This is the fourth overhaul of Zhenhai building, which is "huge, magnificent and firm." At that time, Zhenhai building was "seven feet five feet high, nine feet five feet wide, five feet seven feet wide."

In 1928, when Lin Yunxin became mayor of Guangzhou, he rebuilt Zhenhai building again. The rebuilding project was built on the basis of the old foundation of the Ming Dynasty.

After the founding of new China, Zhenhai building was the site of Guangzhou people's Museum. In 1954, the people's Government of Guangzhou allocated special funds to repair Zhenhai building, which was renamed Guangzhou Museum. In 1963, it was listed as a cultural relic protection unit of Guangzhou City, and in 1989, it was promoted to a cultural relic protection unit of Guangdong Province. The style of the old building remains the same, but a series of cultural relics and materials on display today make the development of Guangzhou City in the past 2000 years a panoramic view.

Guangzhou Museum

Guangzhou Museum, the predecessor of Guangzhou Municipal Museum, was officially opened to the public in February 11, 1929, one of the earliest museums in Chinese mainland. In 1941, it was renamed Guangzhou municipal library museum. In 1946, it was renamed Guangzhou Municipal Museum. It has been renamed Guangzhou Museum since 1950.

In addition to the Zhenhai building exhibition area, Guangzhou Museum also has three sub exhibition areas: Guangzhou Art Museum, Sanyuanli people's anti British struggle Memorial Hall and March 29 uprising headquarters Memorial Hall.

Scenery

On the top floor of Zhenhai tower, you can have a panoramic view of Guangzhou and the Pearl River. After the reform and opening up, a large number of high-rise buildings have been erected, so that the river view has been blocked, and most of the ancient towers in Guangzhou have been covered, which can not be seen directly.

Historical relics

City defense cannons: including the defense cannons cast in Guangzhou during the Opium War from the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty to the middle of the Qing Dynasty, are now placed on the gun seat on the west side of Zhenhai tower, and a stele gallery is built as a memorial.

Poetry

In addition, for hundreds of years, poets and politicians have been filled with emotion every time they appear on it. There are a lot of famous poems about zhenhailou, which are very impressive. There are mainly two themes of chanting traces and reminiscences and expressing aspirations. Among them, Chen Gongyin from Foshan has the most extensive influence.

Chen Gongyin in Zhenhai tower

Qingzun must be drunk in front of qulan. Feige is facing autumn. Wuling north to peak in the ground, Kyushu south water floating days.

Will open chrysanthemum pistil yellow as wine, want to pour pine, wind sound like spring. White head Chongyang only smile, not reminiscent ask mountains and rivers.

Qiu fucan's poem praises: "white clouds floating on the plain mountain are poetic, and the more beautiful the world is, the more immortal the spirit is.". It is the charm of Guangzhou in the Pearl River Delta metropolitan area and the cultural essence of Wuyang fairy city.

"Zhenhai tower" by Qiu fucan

White clouds floating on the plain mountain, poetic, beautiful and colorful

Chinese PinYin : Zhen Hai Lou