Horse stage

Xi Ma Tai is one of the earliest historic sites in Xuzhou, a famous historical and cultural city. In 206 BC, after the hero Yu defeated the Qin Dynasty, he established himself as the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty. His capital was Pengcheng. On the Nanshan Mountain in the south of the city, he built a Chongtai to watch the horse, so it was called the horse stage

Horse stage

Xi Ma Tai is one of the earliest existing historic sites in Xuzhou. In 206 BC, Xiang Yu, the hero of the world, became the overlord of Western Chu after destroying Qin Dynasty. His capital was Pengcheng. He built Chongtai on the Nanshan Mountain in the south of the city to watch Xi Ma Tai, so it was named Xi Ma Tai. Many buildings have been built on the platform, such as Taitou temple, Sanyi temple, Minghuan temple, Jukui academy, shunchui mountain house, stele Pavilion, etc. With the passage of time and the change of the world, the buildings of the past have disappeared. Now after renovation, the stage is majestic and magnificent to welcome tourists at home and abroad.

brief introduction

Located at the top of Hubu mountain in the Central District of Xuzhou, Xi Ma Tai was one of the most famous historic sites in Xuzhou. In 206 B.C., Xiang Yu, the hero of the world, became the overlord of Western Chu after he defeated Qin Dynasty. His capital was Pengcheng (today's Xuzhou). It was on the Nanshan Mountain in the south of the city. Because the mountain was a platform, it was used for horse watching, martial arts performance and military parade, so it was named Xi Ma Tai.

In history, many buildings were built on the site of Xi Ma Tai in various dynasties, such as Taitou temple, Sanyi temple, Minghuan Ci, Jukui academy, shunchui mountain house and stele Pavilion. With the passage of time and the change of the world, the buildings of the past have disappeared. After the reconstruction of the garden management department in the 1980s, Xi Ma Tai has built a group of antique buildings imitating honest and upright official buildings to welcome tourists at home and abroad. The layout of Xi Ma Tai is in accordance with the mountain and hill terrain, and it is gradually handed up and arranged at random. The gate is a three room gate with several seal characters "Bashan Gaishi" on the wall of the screen wall. On the east side of the high platform, there is a huge bronze tripod, engraved with the word "hegemony". The tripod is rectangular, with two ears and four feet, weighing 6.5 tons, 2.25 meters high, 1.91 meters long and 1.51 meters wide. On the belly of the tripod, there is an inscription on Ding Ming of horse stage, which praises Xiang Yu's historical achievements. A glazed tile eaves ochre wall, connecting the east two simple, elegant courtyard. The east courtyard is called "Chu Shi Sheng Chun" courtyard, which is composed of corridor, Xiongfeng hall and east-west auxiliary hall. In front of the hall stands a stone statue of Xiang Yu, the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty. It is 2.85 meters high, with a helmet on top and armor on top. It stands facing the wind with its feet on the rocks. Xiongfeng hall is the main hall of "Chu Shi Sheng Chun" courtyard. In front of the hall, there are two coiled dragon pillars, which are precious cultural relics. They are one of the ancient components in the Xi Ma Tai Building Group. The carving is rough and vivid. On the back wall of Xiongfeng hall, there is a group of murals of "the spring and Autumn period of Western Chu", which is 14 meters long and 1.3 meters high, representing Xiang Yu's heroic and solemn life. The West theater is called "Qiufeng Xima" theater. The Xima hall is the main hall of the hospital. The hall is surrounded by an ambulatory, 24 Dan columns around the hall, and the four walls are carved window lattice. The screen in the hall is a picture of "autumn wind playing with horses";

It is carved and fired from 144 square and rectangular bricks of different sizes, 9 meters long and 2 meters high. Xiang Zhuang's sword dance depicts the tense atmosphere of the Hongmen banquet. The west side hall is a large mural, which outlines the scene of the desperation of the overlord after the defeat. The famous stone tablet of Xi Ma Tai stands in Fengyun pavilion with double eaves on the top of the platform. The stone tablet is more than 2 meters high. The three characters "Xi Ma Tai" were written by Mo Yu Qi in Liucheng, Xuzhou bingbei road right participating in politics in Ming Dynasty. Chongtai is located at the top of the stage and behind Fengyun Pavilion. Due to the high terrain, you can see the ancient city from the stage. On the north side of the stage are Qulang, zhuisheng Pavilion, Jicui Pavilion, tie Mazhu, wuzhui trough and other scenic spots.

historical origin

China's history is changing, and the ancient stage of horse racing has gone through vicissitudes. Over the past two thousand years, Xi Ma Tai, as the legacy of Xiang Yu, the overlord of Western Chu, has attracted countless scholars with lofty ideals to visit and pay homage to him. In order to commemorate Xiang Yu, the tragic hero of tyranny who overthrew the Qin Dynasty, and praise his historical achievements, Xi Ma Tai scenic area has undergone many protective renovations and expansion. Nowadays, the structure of the stage is rigorous, the layout is well proportioned, the arrangement is well arranged, and the style is solemn. In the front area, there are two groups of magnificent antique royal buildings, which display the solemn and stirring life of the overlord of Western Chu with rich materials; in the back area, a 100 meter long corridor is designed according to the mountain. The corridor is decorated with ancient poems chanting Taiwan and ancient and modern Calligraphers' handwriting. There are many famous trees and flowers in the scenic area, and there are also many scenic spots, such as majestic tripod, chongjiutai, wuzhuocao, simazhuang, Xiangwang's arsenal, and Renjie guixiong stone, which make the scenic area of ximatai dense and magnificent. Since the opening up, there has been an endless stream of tourists on the stage. It has become a shining pearl in the tourism network of Xiang Yu's remains, and also an outstanding representative of the Chu Han culture in Xuzhou.

In the scenic area of Xi Ma Tai, there is a courtyard with typical Xuzhou residential characteristics -- Zheng's courtyard. The whole courtyard is close to the mountain, with rigorous layout and exquisite structure, full of rich flavor of life and cultural charm.

internal structure

The layout of Xi Ma Tai is in accordance with the mountain and hill terrain, and it is gradually handed up and arranged at random. Through the gate of the mountain, there is a large seal cutting character "Bashan Gaishi" on the screen wall. On the east side of the high platform, there is a huge bronze tripod engraved with the words "hegemony". The tripod is rectangular, with two ears and four feet, weighing 6.5 tons, 2.25 meters high, 1.91 meters long and 1.51 meters wide. On the belly of the tripod, there is an inscription on Ding Ming of horse stage, which praises Xiang Yu's historical achievements. A glazed tile eaves ochre wall, connecting the east two simple and elegant courtyard.

The east courtyard is called "Chu Shi Sheng Chun" courtyard, which is composed of corridor, Xiongfeng hall and east-west auxiliary hall. In front of the hall stands a stone statue of Xiang Yu, the king of Western Chu Dynasty. It is 2.85 meters high. It has a helmet on its top, and it stands upright facing the wind and rain. Xiongfeng hall is the main hall of "Chu Shi Sheng Chun" courtyard. In front of the hall, there are two coiled dragon pillars, which are precious cultural relics. They are one of the ancient components in the Xi Ma Tai Building Group. The carving is rough and vivid. On the back wall of Xiongfeng hall, there is a group of murals of "the spring and Autumn period of Western Chu", which is 14 meters long and 1.3 meters high, representing Xiang Yu's heroic and solemn life. The West theater is called "Qiufeng Xima" theater. The Xima hall is the main hall of the hospital. The hall is surrounded by an ambulatory, 24 Dan columns around the hall, and the four walls are carved window lattice. The screen in the hall is a picture of "autumn wind playing with horses", which reflects the scene of Xiang Yu watching soldiers galloping on horses accompanied by concubine Yu. The murals in the east side hall are carved and fired from 144 square and rectangular bricks of different sizes, 9 meters long and 2 meters high. Xiang Zhuang's sword dance depicts the tense atmosphere of the Hongmen banquet. The west side hall is a large mural, which outlines the scene of the desperation of the overlord after the defeat.

The famous stone tablet of Xi Ma Tai stands in Fengyun pavilion with double eaves on the top of the platform. The stone tablet is more than 2 meters high. The three characters "Xi Ma Tai" were written by Mo Yu Qi in Liucheng, Xuzhou bingbeiyou's political participation in the Ming Dynasty. The pen is vigorous and powerful, which is an old thing of that year.

Chongjiutai is located at the top of the stage and behind Fengyun Pavilion. Due to the high terrain, you can see the ancient city from the stage. The chongjiutai here is set up for ancient travelers to climb the mountain and cherish their hometown on September 9, the Double Ninth Festival. According to the book of the Southern Qi Dynasty, before Liu Yu usurped the Jin Dynasty, he rode to Xiang Yu's horse stage during the Double Ninth Festival in early September. After he ascended the throne, he set the ninth day of September as the day for archery and military inspection. According to legend, Chongyang cake, which is popular on the ninth day of September, evolved from the dry food Liu Yu gave to the soldiers of the three armed forces.

On the north side of Xi Ma Tai, there are many scenic spots, such as Qulang, zhuisheng Pavilion, Jicui Pavilion, tie Ma Zhuang, bird Zhui trough, etc. There are more than 50 stone carvings of poems chanted by literati and refined scholars of past dynasties, most of which are from ancient and modern masters.

The main house of Xi Ma Tai, like the old house in Suzhou, is an old house with four entrances and three gateways. It has a hall, main hall and main hall. The first three entrances are three Bay halls and courtyards. The fourth entrance is a high open hall with five bay rooms. It has two floors up and down, five floors and five bottoms. It is the main house of the master of the garden with wing rooms on both sides. The entrance to the garden is a large courtyard, with a flower wall in the East and a cave gate in January in the north. After entering the gate, they walk east and north along the winding corridor, which is called "Chengqu thatched cottage", implying that their husband and wife hate the luxurious life of officialdom, but prefer to live in seclusion in the White House of thatched cottage. The hall is on the second floor, with three halls in the middle. It used to be a place for the main guests of the garden. It has a large body and exquisite decoration. There are three courtyards in the north and a platform in the south. There are corridors on the East and west sides of the hall, which are called "Xi corridor" and "Yun corridor"

Historical legend

Su Shi, a litterateur of the Northern Song Dynasty, once had such a grand comment on the Xi Ma Tai and its strategic position: "the city is blocked by water on three sides, and Biansi is the pool under the battlements. Only the South can be connected with chariots and horses, while the Xi Ma Tai is in Yan, which is ten feet high and hundreds of steps wide. In the age of martial arts, thousands of people were stationed in the city, and all kinds of weapons were used to defend the city. In order to match the city's exterior and interior, three years' grain was accumulated in the city, although it was not easy to get it with 100000 people. " It can be seen that Xiang Yu, as a military strategist, built a horse stage not only for leisure, but also for strategic considerations. However, Xiang Yu is not a politician after all. He didn't fall under the axe of the Qin army, but he was broken in the hand of the Han army. From this point of view, Xiang Yu won in the military and lost in politics. Since ancient times, "the winner is the king and the loser is the bandit", but for Xiang Yu, people are constantly discussing the hero of success or failure. This is the main reason why people have paid close attention to the horse stage for thousands of years. In 416 A.D., General Liu Yu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty won the northern expedition, and his class passed by Pengcheng, which coincided with the Double Ninth Festival. He held a banquet at the horse stage to strengthen his military power. In his poem "Deng Xi Ma Tai Zuo", poet Chu Guangxi of the Tang Dynasty said: "the heavenly gate, the God of martial arts, the tree of Yuanxun, the nine day dogwood

Chinese PinYin : Xi Ma Tai