lhalu wetland

Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve

synonym

Lalu wetland generally refers to Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve

Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve is located in the northwest of Lhasa City, the capital of Tibet Autonomous Region. The geographical coordinates are between 91 ° 03 ′ 41 ″ - 91 ° 06 ′ 48 ″ E and 29 ° 39 ′ 25 ″ - 29 ° 42 ′ 08 ″ n, with a total area of 1220 hectares. Among them, the core area is 660 hectares, the buffer area is 339 hectares, and the experimental area is 221 hectares.

The main protected object of Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve is alpine wetland ecosystem

It is a typical wetland on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, belonging to reed peat swamp, known as the "oxygen bar" of Lhasa, and also known as the "lung of Lhasa" and "natural oxygen bar".

The first batch of national wetland tourism demonstration bases.

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Panorama

Historical evolution

In 1995, the government of the Tibet Autonomous Region started the protection project in an all-round way.

In 1997, we completed the collection and investigation of wetland status, social, cultural and geographical data.

On May 25, 1999, the government of the Tibet Autonomous Region officially approved the establishment of the Lalu wetland as a nature reserve of the Tibet Autonomous Region.

In 2000, Lhasa municipal government issued the "Lhasa Lalu Wetland Nature Reserve Management Measures", and prepared the "overall planning of Lhasa Lalu Wetland Nature Reserve", and established the management station of Lhasa Lalu Wetland Nature Reserve.

In December 2004, Lalu wetland autonomous regional nature reserve was promoted to National Nature Reserve and passed the evaluation of national expert evaluation committee.

On July 23, 2005, the State Council approved the new Lalu Wetland Nature Reserve as a national nature reserve.

geographical environment

position

Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve is located in the northwest of Lhasa City, the capital of Tibet Autonomous Region.

landforms

Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve belongs to the East extension of Gangdese mountain system

With an average altitude of 3645m, it is the highest and largest urban natural wetland in China.

climate

Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve belongs to the temperate semi-arid monsoon climate zone of southern Tibet Plateau. There are plenty of sunshine, long sunshine, dry air, large evaporation, less rainfall, low air pressure, most east wind, strong west wind and southeast wind. The frequency of static wind is low, and the two seasons of rain and drought are distinct. 80% - 90% of the annual rainfall is concentrated in June to September, with an average annual precipitation of 444.8 mm, mostly night rain; the heat level is not high, and the temperature is low, with an average annual temperature of 7.5 ℃, small annual temperature difference and large daily temperature difference; the average annual humidity is 45%.

soil

The soil types of Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve are mainly sapropel wetland soil, peat wetland soil and peat soil, belonging to reed peat wetland.

Due to the special geological structure and geomorphic characteristics of Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve, the soil formation process is affected by the accumulation of mud carbon under the influence of groundwater and the incubation of the lower part of the soil. The water content of mud carbon layer is higher, the decomposition of organic residue is lower, and the storage of organic matter is more.

Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve has high altitude, uncomplicated terrain and single soil type. The soil distributed in and around the wetland is mainly sapropel swamp soil, peat carbon swamp soil and peat carbon soil, which is swamp meadow. In addition, there are subalpine meadow soil around the marsh.

Regional scope

The northern boundary of Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve starts in the east from the Liusha River, which is formed by the confluence of Niangre Township and duodi Township, and then extends westward to the south foot of balku Village Mountain, Niangre Township, Chengguan District, and connects with the Gangdese Mountain Branch 6.6 km to the West; the East, South and West are surrounded by the urban area, and the western boundary extends from the Gangdese mountain branch to the southeast to the air force; the eastern boundary extends from the air force The team extends eastward to the residential area of Lalu village committee and balku road in Chengguan District, and its southern boundary is from east to West bounded by Lhasa irrigation canal, Zhonggan canal and dangre road. The geographical coordinates are between 91 ° 03 ′ 41 ″ - 91 ° 06 ′ 48 ″ E and 29 ° 39 ′ 25 ″ - 29 ° 42 ′ 08 ″ n, with a total area of 1220 hectares. Among them, the core area is 660 hectares, the buffer area is 339 hectares, and the experimental area is 221 hectares.

Protection target

overview

The main protected object of Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve is alpine wetland ecosystem.

Botany

Up to 2009, the vegetation type in Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve is mainly wetland meadow, with high plant species diversity, mainly plateau specific aquatic, semi aquatic and grassland plants. The dominant and secondary dominant species include Artemisia ordosica, Phragmites australis, Pueraria lobata, etc. Meanwhile, Elymus nutans, Poa pratensis, Cordyceps juncea, Pedicularis tubulosa, Ranunculus yunshengensis, milkweed, Gentiana, lotus and other herbs are associated in the wetland.

animal

Up to 2009, aquatic species are the main animal species in Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve, and vertebrate species are also distributed. There are black necked Crane and vulture under the first-class state protection, alpine vulture under the second-class state protection, Red duck under the second-class state protection in Tibet Autonomous Region, Schizothorax transversus, Schizothorax heterodentatus, Schizothorax bimaculatus, gymnocyprinus carpio and Schizothorax Lhasa, 5 species of fish, 2 species of amphibians and reptiles, and 2 species of mammals, There is one species of reptile, 39 species of birds including bailing, bantouyan, brown backed crow, bantouyan, red mallard, brown Headed Gull, snow finch, etc.

Management measures

Management organization

The management organization of Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve is the administration of Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve.

In 2000, the people's Government of Lhasa promulgated the measures for the administration of Lhasa Lalu Wetland Nature Reserve, and set up the management station of Lhasa Lalu Wetland Nature Reserve to prohibit sand digging, quarrying, fishing, mowing and grazing in the reserve and its surrounding areas.

In 2008, Lhasa municipal Party committee and government upgraded the management station of Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve to the Management Bureau of Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve.

management

In 2000, the people's Government of Lhasa invested more than 92 million yuan in the basic management and protection project of Lalu Wetland Nature Reserve.

In 2013, the administration of Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve conducted a thorough investigation on the environment around the reserve and "three canals and one river", and planned to invest more than 700 million yuan to protect Lalu wetland from 2013 to 2025. The project includes the relocation of residents in the wetland core area, ecological restoration of some channels, anti-seepage works in the wet section of the middle trunk canal, comprehensive treatment of the north trunk canal, desilting works, wetland expansion project, Wetland Museum, wetland monitoring center, etc. It is planned to build a Wetland Museum covering 720 square meters of wetland nature reserves at or above the autonomous region level. It is planned to build 2 ecological positioning monitoring stations, 1 meteorological observation station, 3 hydrological and water quality monitoring points, 3 key species monitoring points, 30 fixed sample plots and 10 km fixed sample lines.

Development and utilization

scientific research

From 2001 to 2004, the bird resources of Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve were investigated in detail by route statistics and sample point statistics. According to the current situation of bird resources in Lalu wetland, the paper puts forward some specific countermeasures for the protection of bird habitat diversity and waterbirds in Lalu wetland.

From 2001 to 2003, the vertebrate diversity of Lhalu Wetland National Nature Reserve in Lhasa, Tibet was investigated.

From July 2009 to August 2012, five sample plots were set up in Lalu Wetland National Nature Reserve. Water samples and soil samples were collected in summer and autumn respectively. The protozoan species diversity and community structure characteristics of Lalu wetland were studied by living culture and fixed staining.

scenic spot

the Potala Palace

Potala Palace, located in the center of Lhasa, is known as the "pearl on the roof of the world". It was first built in the 7th century A.D. during the period of Songzanganbu. Its highest altitude is about 3770 meters. It is the highest ancient palace in the world. The Potala Palace is built close to the mountain, and the halls and buildings are connected and echo each other. The whole building complex is magnificent, which fully reflects the great achievements of Tibetan architectural art and the superb skills of skilled craftsmen of Han, Mongolian, Manchu and other nationalities, as well as Nepalese craftsmen.

Drepung Temple

Drepung temple is located 10 kilometers northwest of Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region. It is one of the six major temples of Gelug Sect of Tibetan Buddhism. It was founded in 1416 in Yongle of Ming Dynasty by Jiayang qujie, a disciple of zongkaba, the founder of Gelug Sect of Tibetan Buddhism. In the first half of the 17th century, the fifth Dalai Lama expanded the temple, and its scale was expanding day by day. At its peak, there were nearly ten thousand monks in Drepung temple, which was the largest in Tibet at that time

Chinese PinYin : La Lu Shi Di