Heishantou ancient city site

Heishantou ancient city is located about 10 kilometers northwest of Heishantou in Erguna city. According to some records, the ancient city was the fiefdom of King zhuochhasar, the eldest brother of Genghis Khan, during the period of Mongolian Khanate. The ancient city is divided into inner city and outer city. The outer city is square with a circumference of 2.35 km. The remnant height of the wall is 1-2 meters, and the highest is more than 4 meters; the top width of the wall is 2 meters, and the bottom width is 6 meters. There is a moat outside the city wall. The bottom of the moat is 5-9 meters wide and 1-2 meters deep.

Heishantou ancient city site

The ancient city of Heishantou, also known as the ancient city of hasar, is named after Heishantou town in Erguna city. It is located on the eastern swamp platform at the entrance of Erguna River, 10 km northwest of heihantou Town, Erguna City, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Its geographical coordinates are 119 ° 08 ′ 37.35 ″ E and 40 ° 46 ′ 02.68 ″ n.

It is a site of the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, more than 700 years ago.

The ancient city is one of the main residential cities of zhuochi hasar, the eldest brother of Genghis Khan, and his family. It is composed of inner city and outer city. The city wall is built with earth. The outer city is square, covering an area of 346290 square meters. There are moats outside the city wall. There are gates on all sides and an urn outside. The inner city is located in the middle of the outer city, West by North. It is rectangular, covering an area of 18871 square meters. There are two small doors in the East and West, and there are moats outside the city. The whole building is in the shape of "Gan". There are many glazed tiles, green bricks, dragon pattern tiles and green glazed basin fragments in the site.

It is of great academic value to the study of the origin and development of the Mongols and the politics, economy, history and culture from the period of the Mongolian Khanate to the early Yuan Dynasty.

Site introduction

The ancient city of Heishantou, also known as the ancient city of hasar, is named after Heishantou town in Erguna city. It is located on the eastern swamp platform at the entrance of Erguna River, 10 km northwest of Heishantou Town, Erguna City, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Its geographical coordinates are 119 ° 08 ′ 37.35 ″ E and 40 ° 46 ′ 02.68 ″ n,

The base of the ancient city is 516 meters above sea level. In the 19th century, Russian archaeologist kluytekin and others discovered the ruins of the ancient city in heihantou on the East Bank of the Erguna River, taking away many precious historical relics.

The ancient city is divided into inner city and outer city. The outer city is square with a circumference of 2.35 km and covers an area of 346290 square meters. The remnant height of the wall is 1-2 meters, and the highest is more than 4 meters; the top width of the wall is 2 meters, and the bottom width is 6 meters. There is a moat outside the city wall. The bottom of the moat is 5-9 meters wide and 1-2 meters deep. There are gates on all sides, and the gate wall is 9-12 meters wide. There is an urn outside the gate. There is a horse face every 100 meters outside the wall. At the corner of the wall, there are tall turrets protruding out of the wall. The inner city is located in the middle of the outer city, West by North. It is rectangular, 560 meters in circumference, covering an area of 18871 square meters. There are two small East and West gates, and there are moats outside the city. The whole building is in the shape of "dry". The granite round column bases are arranged in an orderly manner, with a spacing of 4 meters. Glazed tiles, green bricks, dragon tiles and green glazed basin fragments are everywhere. On the north side of the outer city, there is a building with inner square and outer circle. The top of the outer wall is 2 meters wide, and there is a South Gate 5 meters wide. In the northeast corner of the outer city, there is a Zicheng and a well, which has collapsed; in the north wall of the outer city, there are a series of small residential sites. The ancient city is a site of the Liao Dynasty. According to the records of the genealogy of Taizu's brothers in the translation of the Yuan Dynasty and Shi lat's Shi Ji, and the argumentation of relevant experts, the Erguna River Basin was the fiefdom of zhuochi hasar, the eldest brother of Genghis Khan, during the period of the Mongolian Khanate.

200 meters north of the "ancient city ruins", there is a naturally formed hill, which is called "Aobao mountain". In Mongolian, "Aobao" is translated as a pile made of soil or stone, because the grassland is vast and the herdsmen use it as a road sign to indicate the direction. Later, it gradually evolved into a place to offer sacrifices to mountain gods and road gods. According to legend, Genghis Khan led the ChiYan tribe knights to hold an expedition ceremony here and vowed to the ancestors to revitalize the tribe.

Construction Disputes

Heishantou ancient city is said to be built by tiemugeou Chijin, the fourth younger brother of Genghis Khan, Emperor Taizu of the Yuan Dynasty. It is also said to be the ancient capital of Jin Dynasty, built by zhamuhe of nirun department.

Time of destruction

As for the construction and destruction time of the ancient city, it seems that no relevant historical materials have been found, which is also a common problem faced by the ancient grassland ruins in the north.

Historical investigation

Heishantou ancient city site is used to be called the ancient city. It was discovered as early as the Qing Dynasty and written in Hulunbeier chronicles. At the same time, Russian "archaeologists" and "explorers" such as Kropotkin successively went to the ancient city to investigate and took away many precious historical relics. In the 1970s, Chinese archaeologist Mr. Zhang taixiang and others came to the ancient city to investigate and write the ancient city of Yuan Dynasty in heihantou, Erguna Right Banner, which made a consensus on this important site. However, due to the lack of scientific archaeological excavation of the ancient city, there are always new hypotheses about its dating.

Address: heisantou ancient city, Erguna City, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Longitude: 119.53775933862

Latitude: 50.294466459359

Tour time: half a day

Chinese PinYin : Hei Shan Tou Gu Cheng Yi Zhi