Acorus calamus

Acorus calamus

(bielu)

[synonyms] Nichang (Lei Gong Paozhi Lun), Shuichang, shuisu, stempu, Shui (BIE Lu), xisun, Lansun (Tao Hongjing), Dixin (Shiyao Erya), nichangpu (compendium), Pujian (Cao Mu Bian Fang), shuianiseed, jiachangpu (Guangxi Traditional Chinese veterinary medicine plant), choupu (Jiangsu Zhi Yao Zhi), dachangpu, tubaopu (Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine record).

[source] it is the rhizome of Acorus calamus.

[plant morphology] Acorus calamus

Perennial herbs. Rhizome recumbent, plump, white with purple. The leaves are rhizomatous, long sword shaped, 50-80 cm long and 1-1.5 cm wide, apex acuminate, veins parallel and midvein prominent. The flowers are bisexual, perianth 6, broadly linear, membranous transparent, apex light brown, about 2 mm long; stamens 6, as long as perianth segments, anthers yellow, filaments white, oblate; pistils 1, ovary long elliptic. Berries are red when ripe. The flowering period is from May to June. The fruit period is from June to July.

It grows near water and in tidal wetlands. It's distributed across the country several times.

[collection] it can be collected all year round, but it is better to collect from August to September. After digging, wash, remove the fibrous roots and dry in the sun. There are also those who cut into 0.5-1 cm small pieces to dry when fresh.

[herbal medicine] the dry rhizome is slightly cylindrical, with a few branches, 5-20 cm in length and 2.5 cm in diameter. It is brown in appearance, with fine longitudinal wrinkles. There are triangular leaf marks on the upper nodes, arranged alternately from left to right. Brown scaly hairs are usually left on the ridge of nodes, and fine roots or root marks are found at the lower part. The leaves and roots of peeled crude drugs are not obvious. The fracture surface is grayish brown or dark brown with soft tissue. The aroma is special and significant, and the taste is bitter and spicy. It is better to have thick rhizome, yellowish white surface, and remove all scales and fibrous roots.

It is mainly produced in Hubei, Hunan, Liaoning, Sichuan and other places. In addition, it is also produced in Heilongjiang, Hebei, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Guangdong and Guangxi.

[processing] remove impurities, wash, soak, moisten, slice and dry.

Bitter, pungent and warm.

① Bielu: "taste sweet (a work)" Gan Xin, Wen. "), non-toxic. "

② Shanghai Handbook of Chinese herbal medicine: "bitter, pungent, warm. "

Functions and indications: resolving phlegm, opening orifices, strengthening spleen and promoting diuresis. Treatment of epilepsy, palpitation, forgetfulness, unconsciousness, dampness stagnation, distension, diarrhea, dysentery, rheumatism pain, carbuncle swelling and scabies.

① Bielu: "the staple food is insects. "

② Tao Hongjing: "the main rheumatism cough adverse, to insects, broken fleas lice.". "

③ "Ben Cao Tu Jing": "mash, oil to spread scabies. "

④ "Collection of herbs in Lingnan": Invigorating the stomach and removing dampness, washing scabies with boiling water. "

⑤ Guizhou folk medicine collection: "it can help digestion, eliminate accumulated food, stop abdominal pain, treat dysentery and rheumatic pain. "

⑥ "Dispersing carbuncle and swelling". "

⑦ "Shanghai commonly used Chinese herbal medicine": "calm, calm, phlegm, stomach. Treatment of epilepsy, tinnitus, poor hearing, chest and abdominal distension. "

⑧ "Jilin Chinese herbal medicine": "aromatic Tongqiao, and in turbid. It can cure dizziness, tinnitus, forgetfulness, dampness and gas blockage. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, 1-2 yuan; or grind powder and pack capsule. External use: decocting, washing or dressing.

[taboo] those with Yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity, excessive sweating and fine smoothness should be taken with caution.

[prescription selection] ① cure amnesia, palpitation and unconsciousness: Acorus calamus three coins, three coins, three coins, tortoise five coins, three coins. We studied the details together. Five cents a time, three times a day. (Shandong Handbook of Chinese herbal medicine)

② Treatment of abdominal distension, indigestion: Acorus calamus, (fried), each three money, four money, water decoction. (Shandong Handbook of Chinese herbal medicine)

③ For dysentery, diarrhea, dizziness: take one coin, cut it carefully, swallow it with cold boiled water, once, twice in a row. (Guizhou folk medicine Collection)

④ At the beginning of carbuncle treatment: Acorus calamus one or two, five money, five money, five money, three money. Grind fine powder, take appropriate amount of medicine powder and onion heart, pound into paste, apply to the affected area. (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

⑤ Treatment of toothache and gingival bleeding: appropriate amount of Acorus calamus, grinding powder, external application. (Shandong Handbook of Chinese herbal medicine)

⑥ Treatment of hernia in children, partial fall, wet sores in pudenda: calamus decoction, wash the affected area. (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

[clinical application] ① treatment of chronic tracheitis

According to the observation of more than 150 cases, the effective rate is about 90%, and the markedly effective rate is about 45-50%. It has certain curative effect on cough, asthma, phlegm and inflammation. Generally, the onset time is 3-6 days after taking the medicine, and the faster one is 1-2 days; the curative effect is relatively long, and many cured cases have no recurrence after winter test. In practice, it was observed that the effect of choupu preparation on deficiency cold type was better than that on phlegm heat type; the effect of simple type was slightly higher than that of wheezing type; with the increase of course of treatment, the markedly effective rate increased significantly, while the recurrence rate decreased, but the effective rate changed little. Preparation and usage: one capsule. Each capsule contains 0.3 g of Chou Pu Gen powder. Take 2 capsules each time, 2-3 times a day. Second injection: 1 gram of crude drug of chougen per milliliter. 2 ml intramuscular once a day. The course of treatment was 10 days. Preliminary observation showed that the effect of injection was better than that of oral preparation, but the effect of oral preparation combined with other drugs was improved. Side effects: nausea, vomiting, bellyache and other gastrointestinal reactions were occasionally seen in the oral preparation, which disappeared spontaneously after withdrawal.

② Treatment of suppurative keratitis

Take 2 liang (dry) of Rhizoma Typhae, add 300 ml of water, simmer until 100 ml, remove the residue and filter, adjust the pH value to be neutral; or use 5 liang of Rhizoma Typhae, decoct with water, filter and ethanol repeatedly, adjust the pH value to 7. All of them were sterilized by high pressure. For eye drops, 2-3 drops, 3 times a day, or eye bath, 10 minutes, once a day. A total of 27 cases of corneal ulcer, dendritic keratitis and corneal burn were treated, 24 cases were cured, 1 case was invalid, and 2 cases were not observed. Most of them were cured within 2-6 days. Practice has proved that this product has obvious effect on promoting tissue regeneration and accelerating ulcer healing.

③ Treatment of bacillary dysentery and enteritis

Take fresh root slices, dry in the sun, grind into fine powder, put into capsules, 0.3 g each. 3 capsules each time (children half), 3 times a day, warm water delivery service. It is easy to induce nausea and vomiting. 420 cases were treated and the effect was remarkable.

Chinese PinYin : Bai Chang