Tung oil seed

Tung oil seed

(compendium)

[synonyms] Tongzi (compendium), tongyoushuzi (Lingnan medicine Collection), gaotongzi (collection of common folk herbs), and yatongguo (Fujian folk herbs).

[source] it is the seed of Jatropha fordii (Euphorbiaceae).

[plant morphology] tung oil tree (pinhuijingyao), also known as Papaver seed tree, tiger seed tree (materia medica Shiyi), ebatong (materia medica Yanyi), Guangtong, wuniantong, bainiantong and guangmiantong.

Deciduous tree, 3-10m high. There are stout hairless branches, young branches slightly hairy. Leaves alternate, leathery, ovate, heart-shaped, 10-15 cm long and 6-14 cm wide, apex acuminate, base cordate or truncate, entire, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, glabrous or glabrous below, green and glossy; petiole 4-10 cm long, with 2 reddish purple glands at the top. The flowers are monoecious, monoecious, with open leaves, panicle like compound cymes and dense branchlets at the top; sepals 2-lobed, green, hairy; petals 5, white, imbricate, with orange red spots and stripes at the base, glabrous on the inner surface; stamens 8-10, or up to 12, arranged in 2 whorls; stamens of outer whorl are inserted near the base, longer and United at the inner whorl, with small flowers The ovary of the female flower is hairy, 3-5-locular, the style is the same as the ovary, and the stigma is 2-lobed. Drupe subglobose, apex acute, smooth, 4-5cm in diameter, with 3-5 seeds. Seeds broadly ovoid, dorsally arched, abdomen flat. The flowering period is from April to May. The fruiting period is October.

They like to grow on lower slopes, foothills and ditches. It is distributed in Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Guizhou and Yunnan.

The roots (tung oil roots), leaves (tung oil leaves), flowers (tung oil flowers), immature fruits (tung oil) and oil (tung oil) from seeds of this plant are also used for medicine. See the special regulations for details.

[collection] the fruits are collected when they are ripe in autumn. They are piled up in wet places, splashed with water and covered with hay. After about 10 days, the shell decays, the skin is removed, and the seeds are collected and dried in the sun.

[chemical constituents] although there are differences in the general composition of tung oil tree seeds from different regions, generally speaking, the oil content of seeds and kernels is about 35% and 50-61% respectively. Another report showed that the fruit contained 61.500% crude fat, 16.569% crude protein and 3.742% water. Most of the sugar was non reducing sugar and 6.68% pentosan.

The oil content of Tung cake is 3.1-6.6%, nitrogen 2.12% and phosphorus 1.13%. Because it contains toxic saponins which can cause gastroenteritis in animals, it is not used as feed but as fertilizer. The toxicity of Tung cake is much higher than that of tung oil. It is said that the toxic component can be destroyed when heated at 70-100 ℃ for a long time or in high pressure steam for 2 hours, but it may contain other toxins.

There are few kinds of protein in seed kernel, which can be dissolved in water, may be a kind of phosphorose protein, and several kinds of protein have been separated with dilute hydrochloric acid, 10% salt water and 0.2% sodium hydroxide. The main amino acids of Tung cake protein were arginine (10.87%), valine (8.33%), leucine (7.67%) and phenylalanine (7.28%).

Aleurites Montana is similar to tung oil in seed composition and oil production. The oil of this plant is called wood oil, which is often called Chinese wood oil in the world, and the oil produced by tung oil is called tung oil. Because of their similar properties, they are often confused. The content of Tung acid in wood oil is 75%, which is slightly lower than 77% of tung oil.

[nature and taste] 1. In the collection of materia medica: "there is great poison. "

② "Gangmu": sweet taste. "

[function indications] vomit wind and phlegm, detumescence and toxin, benefit two stools. It is used to treat wind, phlegm, throat obstruction, scrofula, scabies, scalds, pustules, erysipelas, food accumulation, abdominal distension, and obstruction of urination and defecation.

① "Compendium": "wind phlegm throat Bi, to the end of Ziyan blowing into the throat to take vomiting. "

② In the record of Lingnan medicine collection, it is said that "grinding the water to smear the scrofula". "

③ Guizhou folk medicine collection: "it has the functions of facilitating defecation, inducing vomiting and relieving cough. It can eliminate accumulated food, cure inflation and irregular menstruation. External use can cure toxic sores and scabies. "

④ "Fujian herbal medicine for swelling and scald". "

[usage and dosage] external use: grind, blow throat, tamp or grind water. Oral administration: decoction, 1-2 pieces; grinding water or mashing water.

[taboo] collection of commonly used folk herbs: "pregnant women should take it with caution. "

[prescription selection] 1. Treatment of scrofula: apply tung oil tree seed to grind water, then drink with one or two and pig meat decoction. It can't be used for many times. It's better to take it several times. (collection of herbs in Lingnan)

② Treatment of scabies: tung oil fruit mashed, twisted juice applied.

③ Treatment of scalds: tung oil fruit mashed juice, transfer honey applied to the affected area.

④ Treatment of rust iron nail stabbing sole: fresh tung oil fruit and brown sugar mashing application. (2) Fujian folk herbal medicine

⑤ Treatment of impetigo: cut the young tung oil fruit and apply the water flowing out of the fruit to the affected area. (Henan Chinese herbal medicine manual)

⑥ Treatment of erysipelas: the shell of tung oil is baked, the flour is grinded, and the sesame oil is applied to the affected area. (Henan Chinese herbal medicine manual)

⑦ Cure defecation: tung oil tree seed a grain. Water grinding clothing, about half a grain of water grinding one or two. (Guizhou herbal medicine)

Chinese PinYin : You Tong Zi