Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz

(Tao Hongjing)

[synonyms] artichoke, yangbaoji (Erya), Shu (Benjing), Shanjie, Tianji (Wupu materia medica), Shanjiang (Guangya), qilika (Southern vegetation), Shanjing (shenyaojing), Shanlian (bielu), dongbaizhu (depeibencao).

[source] rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala in Compositae.

Atractylodes macrocephala

Perennial herbs, 30-80 cm high. Rhizome thick, slightly fist shaped. Stem erect, upper part branched, base lignified, with inconspicuous longitudinal groove. The leaves in the lower part of the stem have long petioles, 3-lobed and occasionally 5-lobed, the middle lobes are larger, elliptic or ovate lanceolate, the lobes on both sides are smaller, usually ovate lanceolate, and the base is asymmetric; the petioles of the leaves in the upper part of the stem are shorter, the leaves are not divided, elliptic to ovate lanceolate, 4-10 cm long and 1.5-4 cm wide, the apex is acuminate, the base is gradually narrowed, and the petiole is extended downward, The leaf margin has spiny teeth, green above and light green below, with prominent veins. Inflorescence terminal, 2-4 cm in diameter; involucre campanulate, involucre 7-8 rows, membranous, imbricate arrangement; basal bract 1 ring, pinnately lobed, encircling involucre; flowers numerous, inserted on flat receptacle; corolla tubular, lower part thin, pale yellow, upper tip expanded, purple, apex 5-lobed, lobes lanceolate, abducted or involute; stamens 5, anthers linear, filaments free Pistil 1, ovary inferior, densely covered with light brown villi, style slender, stigma capitate, with a shallow crack in the center of the top. Achene oblong elliptic, slightly flat, about 8 mm long, about 2.5 mm in diameter, covered with yellowish white tomentose, with round traces of residual crown hairs at the top. The flowering period is from September to October. The fruit period is from October to November.

It was originally born in mountainous and hilly areas, and the wild species have almost disappeared in the original area. Now it is widely cultivated in Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places, with Zhejiang being the largest.

The seedling leaves of this plant are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] when frost falls to the beginning of winter, collect and dig, remove the stems, leaves and soil, dry or sun dry, and then remove the fibrous roots. Drying is called "drying technique"; drying is called "raw drying technique", also known as "winter technique".

[medicinal material] the dried rhizome is a fist like mass with irregular nodular protuberances, 5-8 cm in length and 2-5 cm in diameter. The surface is grayish yellow to brownish yellow with light and fine longitudinal wrinkles. The two sides of the lower part expand like Ruyi head, commonly known as "cloud head". Upward is gradually thin, or leave a section of aboveground stem, commonly known as "Baizhu leg". At the top of the nodular protuberance, there are usually stem base remnants or bud marks, and fibrous root marks are also obvious. The material is hard, not easy to break, and the section is not flat. The cross section of the drying technique is yellowish white, horny, with cracks in the center. The skin of the section is white, and the essence is light yellow to yellow with oil spots. It is fragrant, sweet and slightly pungent, slightly mucinous. It is better to have a big one, gray yellow surface, yellow white cross section, cloud head, solid quality and no hollow.

It is mainly produced in Zhejiang and Anhui. In addition, it is also produced in Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian and other places. Shengxian and Xinchang in Zhejiang Province have the largest output, and yuqiansuo's products are of the best quality.

Wild Atractylodes macrocephala is a kind of wild Atractylodes macrocephala produced in Yuqian, LvHua and Tianmu Mountains of Zhejiang Province. It is called "tianshengshu". This kind of commodity has long been extinct. The seeds of Atractylodes macrocephala from Xinchang are planted in Yuqian mountain area. The broken face is yellow white with yellow radial texture. It is fragrant, sweet and less spicy. Generally speaking, the quality of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae from Yuqian is better than that of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae from Xinchang.

[chemical composition] it contains 1.4% volatile oil, mainly alcohol, Atractylodes ketone and vitamin A.

[processing] raw Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz: clean impurities, soak in water, soak time should be controlled according to season, climate change and size of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz, soak out, moisten, slice and dry.

Stir fry Atractylodes macrocephala: Sprinkle the bran in the hot pot first, when the smoke comes out, pour the Atractylodes macrocephala pieces into the hot pot, stir fry until light yellow, take out, screen the bran and cool. (each Baizhu tablet is 100kg, and bran is 10kg)

Jiaobaizhu: put Baizhu tablets in the pot, stir fry them with fire until they are burnt yellow, spray water and take them out to dry.

Stir fry Atractylodes macrocephala with soil: take fine powder, stir fry in the pot, add Atractylodes macrocephala slice, stir fry until there is soil color on the outside, remove the soil, and let cool. (each Baizhu tablet is 100kg, and Fulong liver powder is 20kg)

① "Materia medica Mengyao": "after Baizhu Zui, human milk moistens it. It also makes its nature, moistening the old wall soil and stir frying. "

② "Preparation of Materia Medica": "Atractylodes macrocephala, soak in glutinous rice swill, stir fry in chenbi soil, or stir fry in honey water, stir fry in human milk. "

[flavor] bitter and sweet, warm.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes bitter and warm. "

② Bielu: "sweet, nontoxic. "

③ "On medicinal properties": "it tastes sweet and pungent, and is non-toxic. "

[channel tropism] entering spleen and stomach channels.

① Tangye materia medica: "start with Taiyang, Shaoyin, zuyangming, Taiyin, Shaoyin, Jueyin meridians. "

② "Into the heart, spleen, stomach, Sanjiao four meridians. "

Functions and indications: tonifying the spleen, benefiting the stomach, drying dampness, harmonizing the middle and stabilizing the fetus. It can be used to treat the weakness of spleen and stomach qi, not thinking about diet, tiredness and lack of Qi, asthenia, diarrhea, phlegm, edema, jaundice, dampness, adverse urination, dizziness, spontaneous perspiration and fetal dyspnea.

① "Ben Jing": "main wind cold dampness Bi, dead muscle, spasm, jaundice, Zhihan, in addition to heat Xiaoshi. "

② Bielu: "the main wind in the body, wind vertigo headache, eyes tears, phlegm water, by skin between the wind and water swelling, in addition to the heart under the urgent full, and cholera spit more than, benefit waist umbilical blood, body fluid, warm stomach, eliminate food. "

③ According to the theory of medicinal properties, "it is mainly used to treat wind and stubborn arthralgia, Qi dysentery for many years, abdominal distension and pain, breaking and eliminating food, appetizing, eliminating phlegm, eliminating cold and heat, stopping diarrhea, keeping the face bright and pleasing, stopping vomiting and dysentery, and treating edema and fullness, stopping nausea and vomiting, abdominal cold pain, vomiting and diarrhea, and stomach qi deficiency and cold dysentery. "

④ Tang materia medica: "it is beneficial to urinate. "

⑤ Rihuazi materia medica: "it can cure all kinds of wind diseases, five labors and seven injuries, cold air and abdominal distension, tonify waist and knee, eliminate phlegm, cure water and Qi, promote urination, stop nausea and vomiting, weakness and weakness of muscles and bones, Qi block, coldness and coldness of women, warm disease, mountain haze and miasma, and remove vexation and long muscles. "

⑥ Qiyuan of Medicine: "removing dampness and dryness, harmonizing Qi, warming the middle, removing dampness in spleen and stomach, removing stomach heat, strengthening spleen and stomach, entering diet, harmonizing stomach, generating fluid, activating muscle heat, drowsiness in limbs, not wanting to open eyes, being lazy and fond of lying down, not thinking about diet, stopping thirst and having an abortion. "

⑦ Li Gao: "remove the dampness in all meridians and regulate the spleen and stomach. "

⑧ Wang Haogu: "Li Zhong Yi PI, bu Gan Feng Xu, main tongue originally strong, food is vomiting, epigastric pain, heavy body, acute pain under the heart, heart water ruffian, Chong Mai for disease, adverse Qi in acute, navel abdominal pain. "

⑨ The supplement to the meaning of materia medica: "if there is sweat, it will stop; if there is no sweat, it will stop.". It can eliminate deficiency phlegm. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, 1.5 ~ 3 yuan; boil cream or put into pill or powder.

[should avoid] Yin deficiency, dryness and thirst, qi stagnation, distension and depression should not be taken.

① "Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu": ", for it. "

② "Medicine Huayi" says: "it should be avoided to use all kinds of drugs, such as stagnation of Qi, accumulation of distension and suffocation, stomach pain caused by fire, carbuncle and pus, black and thin human Qi causing distension. "

[prescription selection] 1. To treat weakness, emaciation and food without melting: Yu Shu (soaked in wine, nine steamed and nine sun dried) 1 jin, < U > Zi < / u > (boiled in wine, silked and dried in the sun) 1 jin, a total of powder, honey pill and Wuzi big. Two or three yuan for each. (collection of compendium)

② Treatment of spleen deficiency fullness: two liang Atractylodes macrocephala, four Liang tangerine peel. For the end, sprinkle paste pill, Wuzi big. Take 30 pills before each meal. (Kuanzhong pill in Quan Sheng Zhi Mi Fang)

③ Treatment of ruffian, Xiaoshi strong stomach: (bran fried yellow) one or two, Baizhu two or two. On the very fine powder, wrapped cooking for the ball, such as double the size. Every 50 pills, white soup, regardless of the time, the amount of injury, add or subtract the service. (Jishu pill in the secret collection of orchid chamber)

④ Take nourishment and stop diarrhea: slice the Baizhu (Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz) into pieces and put it into a tile pot. The water is over two inches. Fry it in half over a mild fire. Pour the juice into the pot and fry it again with the residue. After three times of this, boil the juice before and after it into a paste and put it into the pot overnight. Then pour the water off the pot and collect it. Take two or three spoonfuls of honey soup each time. (Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz cream in Qianjin LiangFang)

⑤ Treatment of spleen deficiency diarrhea: Baizhu one or two, peony half two (winter months without peony, plus < U > < / u >, diarrhea fried). On the end, porridge pills. (Baizhu pill in Danxi Xinfa)

⑥ For children suffering from diarrhea for a long time, spleen deficiency does not enter the diet, or diarrhea before eating, rice grain does not melt: one point of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (soaking rice hogwash for a while, cutting, baking), one and a half money (soaking seven times), half money (frying). On the fine powder, natural juice paste pills, millet big. Three pills for half year olds, five and seven pills for three and five year olds, and light ginger soup, one in the morning and one in the evening. (Wenbai pill, general micro prescription for children's health)

⑦ Treatment of dampness and summer diarrhea: Atractylodes macrocephala, equal parts, stir fry for the end, white soup under two or three money. (simple formula)

⑧ Treatment of intestinal wind hemorrhoids leakage, anal diarrhea blood, pale complexion, for a long time not Huang: Baizhu 1 jin (glutinous rice hogwash soak for three days, fine research file, fried coke for the end), dry Rehmannia half Jin (clean wash, with bowl in steamer steaming rotten fine research). On the phase and, such as hard, drop a little wine, many hand meatballs big, baked. Each take 15 pills, hollow porridge drink, add to 20 pills. (Xiangshu pill in Puji recipe)

⑨ Zhixin Xiajian, big as a plate, edge like a rotating plate, made by water drink: seven Fructus aurantii, two liang Atractylodes macrocephala.

Chinese PinYin : Bai Shu