Evodia rutaecarpa

Chinese Name: Evodia rutaecarpa

[category] fruits

[synonym] Wu Yu (Cao Mu Bian Fang) and Zuo Li (Ji Wu Zhi of Nanning City).

[source] it is the immature fruit of rutaecarpa rutaecarpa.

[plant morphology] Evodia rutaecarpa, also known as spicy fruit, stinky spicy fruit tree, qispicy fruit, quyaozi and Chala.

Evergreen shrubs or small trees, 2.5-5 m high. The young branches, rachis and petioles were densely covered with yellowish brown villous hairs. Leaflets 2-4 pairs, elliptic to ovate, 5-15 cm long and 2.5-6 cm wide, apex short pointed, acute pointed, rarely acuminate, base cuneate to round, entire, rarely inconspicuous serrate, both sides densely covered with yellowish villous, thick paper or paper, with oil spots. Flowers unisexual, dioecious, cymose, occasionally paniculate, terminal; 2 bracts at the base of rachis, upper bracts scalelike; flowers small, yellowish white; sepals 5, broadly ovate, outside densely covered with yellowish pubescence; petals 5, oblong, inside densely covered with white pubescence; stamens 5, longer than petals, anthers basifixed, elliptic, filaments hairy, ovary degenerate slightly The female flower is large, with 5 staminodes, scaly, ovary superior, spherical, carpel usually 5, style thick and short, stigma capitate, capsule oblate, about 3 mm long, about 6 mm in diameter, ripe purple red, with glandular spots on the surface, 1 seed per carpel, ovoid, black, glossy. The flowering period is from June to August. The fruit period is from September to October.

Wild in mountains, roadsides or under sparse forests. It is distributed in changqian basin, South China and Shaanxi Province.

The root (Evodia rutaecarpa root) and leaf (Evodia rutaecarpa leaf) of this plant are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] from August to October, when the fruit is tea green and the carpels have not been separated, it should be harvested. Take off and dry to remove impurities. In case of rain, dry the Kang with low heat.

[medicinal material] the dried fruit is oblate, 2-5 mm in diameter and 1.5-3 mm in height. The surface is green or green brown, rough, with fine wrinkles and bristle eyes (oil chamber); the top is flat, with dimples and 5 cracks in the middle, and sometimes there are protruding stigmas in the center of the cracks, with calyx and fruit stalk at the base. The fruit stalk is round, 3 mm long, brown green, densely hairy. In cross section, ovary is 5-locular, with 1-2 pale yellow seeds in each locule. The seed is rich in oil, hard and fragile. The aroma is strong, bitter and slightly spicy. The best color is green and full.

It is mainly produced in Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Zhejiang, Sichuan and other places.

In addition to the above varieties, there are also immature fruits of the same genera, such as Shihu and Evodia rutaecarpa.

[chemical constituents] the essential oils of Evodia rutaecarpa fruit are rutaecarpene, ocimene, evodiamide, evodiaminol, etc. It also contains evodiamic acid. Also contains alkaloids: evodiamine, rutaecarpine, evodiamine, hydroxyevodiamine, evodiamine. Evodiamine is converted into isoevodiamine by treating evodiamine with hydrochloric acid ethanol. It also contains two neutral nitrogen-free substances: evodiaminone and evodiamine. It also contains evodiamine.

The fruit of Shihu contains evodiamide, evodiamine, rutaecarpine and hydroxyevodiamine. It also contains unsaturated ketones, which are called huperzine, volatile oil, anthocyanins and steroids.

[pharmacological action] 1

The ethanol extract of Evodia rutaecarpa had significant effect on Ascaris lumbricoides, earthworm and leech in vitro.

② Antibacterial action

Wuzhuyu Decoction (100%) had a strong inhibitory effect on Vibrio cholerae (agar trenching plate method). The results showed that 10% water extract had inhibitory effect on Epidermophyton flocculent in test tube, and 1:3 water extract had different degrees of inhibition on 11 kinds of skin fungi such as M. auduensis.

③ Central role

A large number of Evodia rutaecarpa can excite the central nervous system and cause visual impairment and illusion. The ethanol extract of Evodia rutaecarpa produced in Japan has analgesic effect. It is proved that 10% ethanol extract has analgesic effect by intravenous injection of 0.1-0.5 ml / kg. The analgesic effect of 0.2 ml intravenous injection was similar to that of antipyrine or aminopyrine (1% 2 ml each). In the cold, it is stronger than the two drugs. 0.1% isoevodiamine hydrochloride 0.1-0.5 ml / kg also has analgesic effect on rabbits, and 1-2 ml / kg can slightly increase the temperature of rabbits. The body temperature of rabbits could also be raised by using 0.5-2.0 ml of 10% alcohol extract of Evodia. From another species of Evodia E vodiaxanthoxyloidesF.Muell It is suggested that alkaloid hydrochloride has sedative and hypnotic effect on mice, but it can decrease the temperature of rats, and it can also resist the convulsion effect of camphor on rats or mice.

④ Other functions

The 10% ethanol extract of Evodia L. was injected into the rabbits with 0.5-1.0 ml. the blood pressure increased briefly and slightly, the respiration was slightly excited, and the blood flow of carotid artery increased. The results showed that 0.1% isoevodiamine hydrochloride 0.2-0.5 ml / kg intravenously had no significant change in blood pressure and slightly increased respiration in rabbits; 0.02-0.1% isoevodiamine hydrochloride had no obvious effect on isolated frog heart, but had no obvious effect on perfusion of frog lower limb blood vessels, first dilated and then contracted; for isolated rabbit intestines, it had a short-term excitation and then paralysis; for isolated rabbit uterus, it began to have excitatory effect. The median lethal dose of evoxine to mice was 705 mg / kg by subcutaneous injection and 135 mg / kg by intravenous injection. The components of Evodia rutaecarpa, such as evodiamide, evodiamine, rutaecarpine and isoevodiamine, have similar analgesic effects, increase body temperature and slightly affect respiration and blood pressure. Rutin, the decomposition product of rutaecarpine, has a strong contractile effect on uterus. Evodiamine has the effect of anti Columbia SK virus in mice.

The alkaloids obtained from E. xanthoxyjoides are similar to those of ephedrine in that they can enhance the action of epinephrine, increase the excitability of spinal reflex, relax the smooth muscle of small intestine and increase the tension of striated muscle.

[processing] roasted Evodia rutaecarpa: decoct the liquorice soup, remove the dregs, add the pure Evodia rutaecarpa, soak it until the soup is dried, and bake it over low heat. (100 kg of Evodia rutaecarpa, 6 kg of licorice, 4 liang)

① "Materia medica tongxuan": "Evodia rutaecarpa, soak in salty soup to remove strong juice, and bake in water. "

② "Seeking truth from Materia Medica" says: "Evodia rutaecarpa Chen Zheliang is used to soak bitter juice. Zhiou Huanglian fried with water, Zhixian salt fried, Zhixue vinegar fried. "

It's hard, warm and poisonous.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes pungent and warm. "

② Bielu: "great fever, little poison. "

③ "On medicinal properties": "bitter and pungent taste, great heat, toxic. "

[channel tropism] into liver and stomach channels.

① "Tang Ye Ben Cao": "enter the Taiyin, Shaoyin and Jueyin meridians. "

② "Lei Gong's treatment of medicinal properties": entering the liver, spleen, stomach, large intestine and kidney channels. "

[functions and indications] Wenzhong, Zhitong, Liqi, dryness and dampness, treatment of nausea and vomiting, acid swallowing, Jueyin headache, visceral cold vomiting and diarrhea, epigastric distension, menstrual abdominal pain, Wugeng diarrhea, hypertension, beriberi, hernia, aphthous ulcer, toothache, eczema, and yellow water sores.

① Ben Jing: "it can warm the middle and lower Qi, relieve pain, cough against cold and heat, remove dampness and blood stasis, expel pathogenic wind, and open the mind.". "

② Bielu: "it is characterized by cold phlegm, abdominal colic, persistent cold, moderate evil, abdominal pain, adverse Qi and beneficial to five zang organs. "

③ According to the theory of medicinal properties: "it can control heart and abdomen diseases, accumulate cold, accumulate Qi under the heart, and relieve heartache; it can't beat ninja in treating cholera, cold air in the stomach, vomiting and diarrhea, and abdominal pain; it can't cure stubborn Bi all over the body, and it can't eliminate cold food, and it can benefit the large intestine and support Qi. "

④ In the collection of materia medica: "kill evil insects and poison, and hide teeth and insects. "

⑤ Rihuazi materia medica: "invigorating the spleen and unblocking the joints. Treatment of abdominal pain, kidney qi, beriberi, edema, postpartum blood. "

⑥ Wang Haogu: "the treatment of fullness of the chest, obstruction of the pharynx and diaphragm, moistening the liver and dryness of the spleen. "

⑦ In the compendium of Medical Sciences: "opening depression and transforming stagnation. It can treat acid swallowing, Yin stagnation, phlegm and saliva headache, Yin toxin, abdominal pain, hernia, blood dysentery, sore throat and mouth. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5 ~ 2 Qian; or into pills, powder. External use: steaming, ironing, dressing or boiling

[should avoid] those with Yin deficiency and excessive fire should not take it.

① "Polygonum hydropiper" is actually the envoy of the book of Materia Medica. They are radix salviae miltiorrhizae, Xiaoshi, Cretaceous, and Amethyst. "

② According to the book of Materia Medica, it is especially forbidden for those with intestinal deficiency. "

③ "Gangmu": "out of breath, fire, dizzy eyes, sore. "

④ According to the classic of Materia Medica, "vomiting and acid swallowing are not suitable for stomach fire; cough is adverse to the upper Qi, not caused by wind cold and cold phlegm; abdominal pain is due to blood deficiency and fire; red and white diarrhea, due to heat evil into the intestines and stomach, not due to alcohol and food, cold, stagnation and scaling; intestinal hernia, not due to sudden cold evil and the first or second time; Cholera turns tendons, due to weakness of the spleen and stomach It is not suitable for those who suffer from heat rather than cold and dampness. All Yin deficiency syndromes and those who have heat but no cold in the viscera should be avoided. "

[prescription selection] ① for the treatment of kidney qi ascending obstruction, kidney qi is built up in the throat from the abdomen, and can't vomit when it's connected with adverse Qi, or can't breathe when it's up to dozens of times: Evodia rutaecarpa (stir fried with vinegar), tangerine peel and aconite root (peeled). For the end, batter pill, Wuzi big. Seventy pills in ginger soup. (Ren Cun Tang experience prescription)

② Treat vinegar heart, every vinegar gas attack, such as strong vinegar: Cornus. Water three, fried seven minutes, meal service. Even if it is strong, it must be taken by force. (hand sacrifice prescription of Ministry of war)

③ Treatment of food has been swallowed acid, stomach qi deficiency cold: Evodia rutaecarpa (soup bubble seven times, baked), ginger (gun), etc. At the end of the day, the soup costs one yuan. (Sheng Hui Fang)

④ Treatment of liver fire: Coptis six Liang, Evodia 12 or half Liang. On the end, water balls or steamed cake balls. Baitang xiawu

Chinese PinYin : Wu Zhu Yu