Arisaema

Arisaema

(notes on materia medica)

[synonyms] Huzhang (Ben Jing), banxiajing (Hou Ningji's medicine spectrum), snakehead tiannanxing (Lvyan materia medica), Nanxing, Huzhang Nanxing, hugao (compendium), sheyu (Research on plant names and facts), shebaogu (investigation report on medicinal plants in Kunming), shanbaomi (main medicinal materials in Liaoning), sanbangzi, yaogoudan (medicinal materials in Hebei), Dabian Laoya taro (medicinal materials in Shandong) The results showed that there were four kinds of medicinal plants in this area, i.e., Rhizoma Polygoni Multiflori, Rhizoma Polygoni Multiflori, Rhizoma Polygoni Multiflori, Rhizoma Polygoni Multiflori, Rhizoma Polygoni Multiflori, Rhizoma Hedysarum, Rhizoma Hedysarum, Rhizoma Hedysarum, Rhizoma Hedysarum, Rhizoma Amorphophallus.

[source] it is the tuber of Araceae, northeast or heterophylla.

[plant morphology] 1

Perennial herbs, 40-90 cm high. The tuber is oblate with yellowish brown outer skin, 2.5-5.5 cm in diameter. Leaf 1, basal; petiole fleshy, cylindrical, erect, 40-55 cm long, sheathed at the bottom, with hyaline membrane sheath at the base, white green or scattered purplish spots; leaf fully split into leaflets, similar to palmate compound leaf, lobes 7-23, lanceolate to long lanceolate, 13-19 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, apex acuminate, end awn shaped, base narrowly cuneate, Veins pinnate, entire, glabrous on both sides, green above, pale green below. Flowers dioecious, fleshy inflorescence, peduncle 30-70 cm long; spathe green, occasionally purple, 11-10 cm long, apex awn shaped; inflorescence axis thick, apex appendage stick shaped; male flowers have many stamens, every 2-4 stamens gathered into a cluster, anthers black purple, aperture; female flowers dense, each flower consists of a pistil, ovary ovate, style short. Berry red. The flowering period is from May to June. The fruiting period is August.

It grows under the forest with shady slope. Distributed in Hebei, Henan, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shanxi and other places.

② Northeast tiannanxing, also known as: spoon vegetables, big head ginseng.

Perennial herbs, 35-60 cm high. Tubers subglobose or oblate, about 2.5 cm in diameter, with fibrous roots distributed radially above. Leaf 1, bird toe shaped, 5 lobes (3 annual lobes), obovate or broadly obovate, 11-15 cm long, 6-8 cm wide, base cuneate, entire or with irregular teeth. The inflorescence stalk is 20-40 cm long, lower than the leaf; the spathe is 11-14 cm long, the lower part is tubular, the mouth margin is flat, green or purplish; the apex of inflorescence axis is clavate. Berry red. The flowering period is from July to August.

It grows under the forest with shady slope. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Jiangxi, Hubei, Sichuan and other places.

③ Arisaema heterophylla, also known as: unicorn, dog claw Arisaema, mother and son Pinellia ternata, tiger palm Pinellia ternata, dog claw Pinellia ternata, one leaf spear.

Perennial herbs, 60-80 cm high. Tubers subglobose or oblate, about 1.5 cm in diameter. The leaf is one piece, bird toe shaped, with 9-17 lobes, usually about 13, oblong, oblanceolate or oblong obovate, 4-12 cm long and 1.3-3 cm wide. The apex is acuminate, the base is cuneate, and the central lobe is the smallest. The inflorescence stalk is 50-80 cm long, the spathe is green, the lower part is tubular, the apex of the inflorescence axis is rat caudate, extending outside the spathe. Berry red. The flowering period is from July to August.

It grows on shady slope or valley where it is relatively wet. Distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Shaanxi and other places.

In addition, the following plants of the same genus can also be used as medicine: 1

Tubers small, discoid. Leaves 1-lobed, with pale green or red stalks; middle leaflets narrow at both ends and wide in the middle. The margin of the spreading part of spathe rarely curls (Jiangsu, Hubei). ② Araceae koreana, tubers spherical or oblate. The stem has obvious purple black stripes. There are 2 compound leaves, 5-15 leaflets with sharp apex and cuneate base. Inflorescence rachis apically clavate (Jilin, Liaoning). ③ Tubers of Polygonum cuspidatum are subglobose. Leaf 1, petiole dark brown; middle leaflet apex long pointed, lower part short narrow. The margin of the developing part of the spathe curls (Hunan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Shaanxi). ④ Guishaoshen, also known as Japan's Arisaema. There are 2 compound leaves, 9-15 leaflets, arranged in bird's toe shape; leaflets are long and narrow elliptic to broadly lanceolate, apex acuminate, margin slightly undulate (distributed in Sichuan). ⑤ The tubers are large and flat, and black after drying. 1 leaf, petiole stout, dark green, dense with many verrucae; 3 leaflets, rhomboid round to broadly ovate, purplish red below, full of dots. The flower stem is short, also has the small wart; the Buddha flame bud apex lengthens, has the deep purple broad stripe (distribution Yunnan). ⑥ Pianye tiannanxing, also known as huananxing. 2 compound leaves, 3 leaflets, terminal leaflet petiolate, lateral leaflet base oblique (Shaanxi). ⑦ Araceae, 3 leaflets, petiolate, margin undulate (Shaanxi).

[collection] in autumn and winter, the stumps, fibrous roots and skin were removed and dried. Or sun to half dry, with sulfur yellow smoked once, then white color, easy to dry. It can also be soaked in alum water, and then peeled and dried when the color is white.

[medicinal material] the dried tuber is oblate and massive. It is 2-7 cm in diameter and 1-2 cm in thickness. The surface is milky white or brown, wrinkled or smooth, with concave marks at the base of stem and pitted fibrous root marks around. Tubers with spherical lateral buds around, commonly known as "tiger palm Nanxing", also without lateral buds. It is hard, not easy to break, uneven section, white and powdery. Slightly pungent, spicy and spicy. It is better to be big, white, powdery and with lateral buds. It should not be used as medicine if the skin is not removed.

It is mainly produced in Sichuan, Henan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi and other places. In addition. Shandong, Hebei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Shaanxi, Gansu, Liaoning, Jilin and other places are also produced.

[pharmacology] Rhizoma Arisaema has antitumor effect.

[processing] Rhizoma Arisaematis: remove impurities, wash ash and dry in the sun. Make Nanxing: take the clean tiannanxing, soak and bleach it with cold water to avoid the sun. Change the water 2-3 times a day. According to its origin, quality and size, properly control the number of days of soaking and bleaching. When foaming, add 2 jin of alum to 100 Jin of Nanxing. After soaking for one month, continue to change the water until the taste is not spicy. Take it out, spread it with fresh ginger slices and alum powder layer by layer into the container, and submerge it with water. After about 3-4 weeks, pour it into the pot and cook until there is no white heart in it. Take it out, pick up the ginger slices, air them to 60% dry, slice them and dry them in the sun 5-25 kg).

[chemical constituents] it contains β - sitosterol-d-glucoside and amino acids.

Bitter, pungent, warm and poisonous.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes bitter and warm. "

② Wupu materia medica: "Qibo, Tongjun: Xin, poisonous. "

③ "On medicinal properties": "sweet taste. "

④ Lu? Yan Ben Cao: "Wen, there is little poison. "

[meridian tropism] entering lung, liver and spleen meridians.

① Compendium: "hand, foot, Taiyin. "

② "The lung, spleen and liver" in "the essence of Materia Medica". "

③ New edition of materia medica: "entering the three meridians of spleen, lung and heart. "

Functions and indications: dry dampness and remove phlegm, dispel wind and calm constipation, and dissipate swelling and knots. It is used to treat apoplexy, phlegm sculpture, mouth and eye deviation, hemiplegia, epilepsy, convulsion, tetanus, wind phlegm vertigo, laryngopharyngitis, scrofula, carbuncle swelling, falling and falling injury, snakebite.

It is used for external treatment of carbuncle and snake bite. Dispelling wind and phlegm, relieving spasm and epilepsy: it is used for stroke vertigo, mouth and eye deviation, hemiplegia, convulsion and epilepsy due to excessive wind and phlegm. It is often combined with Pinellia ternata and Gastrodia elata. It can also be used for tetanus.

① "Ben Jing" says: "it governs heartache, cold and heat, accumulation of Qi, Fu Liang, injury of tendons, flaccidity, restraint and relaxation, and benefits waterways. "

② Bielu: "in addition to Yin and dampness, the wind is dizzy. "

③ "Treatise on medicinal properties": "it is used to treat dizzy wind, intestinal pain, typhoid fever, and strengthen Yin. "

④ "Materia medica collection" says: "the main wound of golden sore is broken and blood stasis is broken. Crush the wound. "

⑤ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "scenting snake, insect bite, scabies. "

⑥ Kaibao materia medica: "it is mainly used for apoplexy, eliminating phlegm, paralysis, lowering Qi, breaking hard accumulation, eliminating carbuncle and swelling, benefiting chest and diaphragm, dispersing blood and abortion. "

⑦ "Medical Qiyuan": "remove the upper energizer phlegm and dizziness. "

⑧ Li Gao: "the main tetanus, mouth silence, strong body. "

⑨ Wang Haogu: "tonifying the liver and wind deficiency. The treatment of phlegm is the same as Pinellia ternata. "

⑩ "Compendium": "treatment of convulsion, mouth and eye deviation, throat obstruction, mouth and tongue ulcers, chylosis, tuberculosis, craniectomy. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.8-1.5 money; or into pills, powder. External use: grind the end to scatter or adjust to apply.

[should avoid] Yin deficiency, dry phlegm and pregnant women should not take it.

① "Shu lacquer is the envoy of the book of Materia Medica. The wildgrass. "

② "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "weifuzi, dried ginger, ginger. "

③ "Herbal preparation": "Yin deficiency and dry phlegm is forbidden. "

④ "Meeting about medical mirror": "pregnant women should not. "

[prescription selection] ① it is suitable to treat apoplexy, such as coma, obliquity of mouth and eyes, hemiplegia, throat murmur, phlegm stagnation, exogenous cold, internal injury, anger, six pulse depression, or finger downward floating. It can also treat phlegm, Qi inversion and Qi deficiency vertigo: Nanxing one or two, Muxiang one point, Chuanwu (raw, peeled) and Fuzi (raw, peeled) each half two. Take half liang of each, two large cups of water and 15 pieces of ginger. Fry until eight minutes. Remove dross and take it gently, at any time. (Sansheng drink in Ju Fang)

⑤ In the end of the day, you will paste the ginger juice on the left and right. (tiannanxing ointment in Yang's family collection)

⑥ Treatment of wind epilepsy: tiannanxing（

Chinese PinYin : Tian Nan Xing