Tortoise shell

Tortoise shell

(rihuazi materia medica)

[synonyms] tortoise shell, Shenwu (Ben Jing), tortoise shell (Huai Nan Zi), defeated tortoise shell (Xiao pin Fang), defeated tortoise shell (RI Hua Zi Ben Cao), tortoise tube (Ben Cao Yan Yi), tortoise lower shell (Zhu Zhen Heng), tortoise bottom shell (Yao Yao Hua Yi), tortoise belly shell (Yi Lin Bian Yao), Yuan Wu version, Kan version, Tuo Ni ban (Pharmacology).

[source] it is the carapace (mainly abdominal shell) of tortoise.

[animal form] turtle (shenghuifang), also known as turtle (Zhouli), water turtle (Erya), Yuanxu (Cui Bao's ancient and modern notes), golden turtle.

The body is oblate, with hard nails on the abdomen and back, about 12 cm long, 8.5 cm wide and 5.5 cm high. The head shape is slightly square, the head is smooth, the back end has small scales, and the tympanic membrane is obvious. The snout is pointed and round, the jaw has no teeth and forms a horny beak; the neck can stretch. The nail is composed of a bone plate formed by dermis, which is surrounded by squama, also known as hornboard; the dorsal squama is brown, and the back end of the top squama is wider than the front end; there are 5 spine squama in the center, 4 rib squama on each side, 11 marginal squama on each side, and 2 anal squama. There are 12 scales on the abdomen, light yellow. The dorsal and ventral scales are connected laterally. The tail is short and pointed. The limbs are flat, with webbed fingers between the toes. The fifth toe of the hind limb has no claws, and the rest have claws.

They live in groups and often inhabit in Chuanze lake. They are carnivorous and often feed on worms and small fish. Life is very strong, months of fasting, can not die. Distributed in Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Shandong, Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi and other places.

The meat (tortoise meat), blood (tortoise blood), bile (tortoise bile) and glue (tortoise plate glue) of this animal are also used for medicine.

[collection] all year round, but most of them are in autumn and winter. After killing, remove the muscle, take its abdominal armour, wash, dry or air dry, known as the "blood version". Such as the belly nail taken after boiling is called "soup version". In the past, the commodity was abdominal carapace. In recent years, dorsal carapace has been used.

[herbal medicine] the dried abdominal shell is slightly flaky, oblong and oval, with rib scales attached on both sides and slightly wing shaped. It is 10-20 cm long, 7-10 cm wide and 5 mm thick. The outer surface is yellowish brown to brown, sometimes with purplish brown texture. The inner surface is yellowish white to grayish white. It is composed of 12 pieces of abdominal squama, with serrated seam, wide front end, slightly round or truncated shape, narrow back end and invaginated, V-shaped notch. The rib plates on both sides are composed of 4 pairs of rib squama, and there is usually one remnant at both ends. The surface of "blood version" is smooth, the skin still exists, sometimes with blood stains; "soup version" has no luster, the skin has fallen off. It is hard, the outer edge of the cross section is white, solid; the inner part is milky white or flesh red, with pores. It's fishy and salty. It is better to have large blood plate, complete, clean and no carrion.

It is mainly produced in Hubei, Anhui, Hunan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other places. In addition, it is also produced in Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou, Fujian, Shaanxi, Henan and Shanghai.

[chemical composition] it contains colloid, fat and calcium salt.

[processing] tortoise shell: soak in clean water, scrape off the residual meat, wash, dry and knock into small pieces. Stir fry the raw turtle plate in a pan until the surface is yellowish. Remove the sand in time. Soak it in a wax basin. Rinse it with water and dry it in the sun. (100 Jin for each tortoise shell, 30 jin for vinegar)

① "Food therapy Materia Medica": "coated crisp fried. "

② The supplement to the meaning of materia medica: "crisp, wine and pig fat can be used for roasting. "

[flavor] salty and sweet, flat.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes salty and flat. "

② Bielu: "sweet, poisonous. "

③ "On medicinal properties": "non toxic. "

[Guijing] into the liver and kidney channels.

① "Lei Gong's treatment of medicinal properties": entering the heart, spleen and liver meridians. "

② "Enter the foot Shaoyin meridian. "

Functions and indications: Nourishing Yin, suppressing yang, tonifying kidney and strengthening bone. Treatment of kidney yin deficiency, bone steaming, fatigue heat, hematemesis, bleeding, long cough, spermatorrhea, metrorrhagia, leucorrhea, low back pain, bone flaccidity, yin deficiency wind, long dysentery, long malaria, hemorrhoids, fontanelle incompatibility in children.

① "Ben Jing" says: "the main leakage is red and white, breaking the Baihuang, malaria, five hemorrhoids, Yin erosion, dampness arthralgia, severe and weak limbs, and incompatible fontanelle in children. "

② Bielu: "it's difficult to be dry when it comes to head sores, female Yin sores, Qi shock, heart and abdomen pain. It can't stand for a long time. It's cold and hot in the bone, typhoid fever and fatigue, or cold and hot in the body. It can be used as a good soup to replenish qi and intelligence, and also to make people able to eat. "

③ "Treatise on medicinal properties": "treating anal prolapse with ash. "

④ "Four sound Materia Medica": "the main wind is weak, the foot is weak, the end is hot, the wine is taken. "

⑤ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "treating blood paralysis. "

⑥ Ben Cao Yan Yi: "Bu Xin. "

⑦ "Daily use Materia Medica": "for the treatment of soreness and weakness of waist and knees, we can't stand for a long time. "

⑧ Zhu Zhenheng: "tonifying Yin, governing Yin and blood deficiency, removing blood stasis, stopping bleeding and dysentery, strengthening muscles and bones, treating fatigue and weakness of limbs. "

⑨ "Materia medica Mengluo": "it is good at nourishing yin and kidney. "

⑩ "Compendium": "it can cure waist and foot pain, tonify the heart and kidney, benefit the large intestine, stop dysentery and discharge for a long time, advocate dystocia, eliminate carbuncle, burn ash and apply sore. "

(11) "burn ash and wine to treat acne. "

(12) Yilin Zhuanyao: "it is used to treat bone steaming, fatigue heat, hematemesis, bleeding, intestinal wind and hemorrhoid blood, yin deficiency and blood heat. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, 3-8 yuan; boil cream or put into pill or powder. External use: burn ash, grind and apply.

[should avoid] pregnant women or those with cold and wet stomach should not take it.

① "Notes to the classic of Materia Medica" says: "the sea cucumber, cockroach. "

② "Drug pair": "fear of dog gall. "

③ Ben Cao Bei Yao: "evil. "

④ "The classic of Materia Medica" says: "it is not suitable for pregnant women. It is not suitable for patients with deficiency but without heat. "

[prescription selection] 1. Water for lowering Yin Fire and tonifying kidney: Six taels of tortoise shell (crispy fried), four taels of fried brown, four taels of soaked and fried in wine, and six taels of steamed in wine. On the end, pig spinal cord honey pill. Take 70 pills, hollow, salt white soup. (Danxi Xinfa Dabu pill)

② For the treatment of flaccid convulsion, weakness of muscles and bones, deficiency of both qi and blood: Phellodendron chinense (fried) and tortoise shell (fried with wine) - two and a half, two money, one or two, half two. For the end, ginger juice and pills, or wine paste pills. Take 70 pills each time, and put them in white soup. (Bushen pill in Danxi Xinfa)

③ Treatment of deficiency and loss of essence, dream ejaculation, thin less gas, visual unknown syndrome: tortoise shell 1 jin, 3 jin, 6 Liang, ginseng 3 Liang. Cut the antlers, break the tortoise shell, soak them in long running water for three days, scrape and remove the scale, cook fish eye soup with sand pot and water, and firewood for three days and nights. Do not cut off the fire. When adding hot water, do not add cold water. Take out and dry them for three days, and grind them into powder. In addition, use water to boil the powder, medlar and ginseng for another day and night, filter the residue, and then boil them into paste. At the beginning of the service, one money and five cents, gradually increased to three money, hollow, wine service. (Gui Lu Er Xian Gao in the secret section of Susheng)

④ In the treatment of avalanche, there is no end to red and white. Qi deficiency exhaustion: turtle shell, oyster each three Liang. On two taste governance under screen, wine eye inch dagger. It's Wednesday. (Qian Jin Fang)

⑤ Treatment of red leucorrhea, or abdominal pain: Turtle plate three Liang, Phellodendron or two, ginger (fried) one money, two money and a half, on the end, wine paste pills, white soup. (Introduction to medicine Guibai Jiangzhi pill)

⑥ Treatment of unknown swelling poison, mouth sores, hair back flow, regardless of the beginning, will ulcerate, has ulcerated: a large blood turtle plate, white wax one or two. Place the tortoise plate on the furnace to heat, gradually mix the white wax, mix the plate to dry, that is, remove the annealing gas and grind it into fine powder. Take three coins every time, three times a day, and adjust the yellow rice wine to get drunk. After taking it, you must lie down and sweat all over. (GUI La Dan, new edition of Mei's prescription)

⑦ Treatment of ulcers and rotten odor: take the shell of a raw turtle and bake it with vinegar to make it yellow. It can also keep the nature of calcination and produce fire gas. Wash it with onion soup and apply it. (first aid prescription)

⑧ For the treatment of five hemorrhoids, there are more than one pain: two pairs of tortoise shells (fried with vinegar to make them yellow), one or two pairs of skin (burned with ash), half of dew (slightly fried), one point of musk (researched), one or two pairs of pig hoof shells (fried to make them slightly yellow). On the medicine pound, fine Luo for powder, every before eating, to warm porridge drink to adjust a money. (guijiasan in shenghuifang)

Chinese PinYin : Gui Ban