Three needles

Three needles

(classified herbal medicine)

[alias] steel needle thorn (Tianbao materia medica) and Rhizoma Coptidis (Guizhou medicinal plant catalogue).

[source] it is the root bark or stem bark of Berberidaceae plants.

[plant morphology] 1

Evergreen shrubs, up to 2 meters high. The stem is cylindrical, slightly longitudinal, smooth and glabrous, light red when young; the biennial branches are yellowish gray or grayish brown, the spines are hard, 3-forked, 1-3cm long, brown, with longitudinal grooves on the lower side. Leaves leathery, alternate or 3-fascicled; oblong or oblong lanceolate, 4-10 cm long and 1.8-2.5 cm wide, apex obtuse, with small spines, margin acutely serrate, base cuneate, dark green above and green below. Flowers 4-8 clusters, yellow, flower diameter about 1 cm; pedicel 6-18 mm long; bracteoles 2, lanceolate; sepals 6, 2-whorled, oblong or ovate; petals 6, obovate, apex concave, base with nectary; stamens 6, opposite petals, filaments short; ovary 2-3 ovules, no style, stigma shield head. The berry is ovoid, 6-7 mm long, bluish black or bluish black, slightly powdery, with 2-3 seeds.

It grows in the mountain bush. It is distributed in Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou.

② Berberis pubescens, also known as Phellodendron amurense.

Deciduous shrub, 1-2m high. The branches are grooved, the young branches are green and pilose, the old branches are yellowish gray, glabrous or nearly glabrous, and the spines are often trigeminal, 2-3 cm long. The leaves are tufted, obovate to elliptic, 3-8 cm long and 1-3 cm wide, pubescent on both sides and denser below. Panicle shaped raceme, 7-12 cm long, with 20-30 flowers; pedicel 2-4 mm long, pilose; sepals arranged in 3 rounds, ovate or obovate; petals pale yellow, 5 mm long; ovary 1-2 ovules. Berries oblong, 9 mm long, blood red.

It grows in the shrub on the hillside. Distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shanxi and other places.

③ Black marble

Deciduous shrub, 1.6-2.5 m high. The root is straight and thick. Stems erect or tufted, red when young; 2-year-old branches grayish brown. Leaves leathery, many clustered, leaf blade oblanceolate or narrowly obovate, apex slightly small spines, axillary leaf with 3 forked needles. Flowers small, 1-2 on short branches, perianth 6, yellow. Berries oblong, red or purple black when ripe.

Born in the wild, roadside or sunny shrubs. Distributed in Tibet and other places.

In addition, Berberis amurensis, also known as three needles in Shaanxi, is also used as medicine.

[collection] root bark can be harvested all year round. The skin of the stem was harvested in spring and autumn. The skin of the stem was scraped off and the deep yellow endodermis was peeled off. Dry in the sun.

[nature and taste] records of Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine: "it is cold, slightly bitter and non-toxic. "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat, removing dampness and dispersing blood stasis. Treatment of dysentery, jaundice, sore throat, red eyes, traumatic injury.

① "Classification of herbal medicine": it is used to treat traumatic injuries and vomiting blood. "

② "Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine annals": "clearing heat and detoxifying, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial. It is used to treat eye redness, dysentery, hematemesis, sore throat, diarrhea, toothache, earache, bruise, redness and swelling. "

③ Guizhou herbal medicine: "antipyretic, dampness, blood stasis, pain, blood cooling. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5-1 Liang (fresh 2-4 Liang); or grind powder, soak wine. External use: grind and sprinkle.

[prescription selection] ① treatment of blood dysentery: three needles and five coins, brown sugar and five coins. Take it in boiling water.

② Treatment of jaundice: three needles and five coins. Take it in boiling water.

③ Fire eye: three needles, root and stem, grind water and point the corner of the eye.

④ Treatment of knife wound: grind the root of three needles and apply to the wound.

⑤ Treatment of traumatic injury: three needles and one or two roots. Take it orally and wipe it externally. (Guizhou herbal medicine was selected)

Chinese PinYin : San Ke Zhen