Artemisia annua

Artemisia annua

(Ben Jing)

[synonyms] Artemisia (the book of songs), scabbard (the biography of Mao poetry), Artemisia ordosica, Fangzhan (the book of songs), sangengcao (lvyanbencao), yelanhao (Modern Practical Chinese Medicine), heihao (Shandong traditional Chinese Medicine), bairangen (Mindong materia medica).

[source] the whole plant of Artemisia annua or Artemisia annua.

[plant morphology] Artemisia annua, also known as Artemisia annua (Shuowen).

Annual or biennial herbs, 30-150 cm high, all smooth and glabrous. The stem is cylindrical, greenish green when young, with thin longitudinal grooves on the surface, slightly lignified at the lower part, and branched at the axils of upper leaves. Leaves alternate; 2-pinnatifid, 1-elliptic, 2-linear, entire, or 1-3-pinnatifid on each side, apex pointed, soft, smooth on both sides, glabrous, turquoise green. The head is arranged in racemose panicle, each head is lateral, slightly drooping, about 6 mm in diameter; the involucre is hemispherical, with 3-4 bracts, the outer bracts are narrow and long, the inner bracts are oval, and the edge is membranous; the receptacle is surrounded by tubular female flowers, with only one pistil and two stigmas; the inner part is mostly bisexual, green yellow, with tubular corolla, five stamens, thin and short filaments, and one pistil Style filiform, stigma 2-lobed, forked. Achenes oblong to elliptic, minute, brown. The flowering period is from June to July. The fruit period is from September to October.

It grows on river bank, sandy land and seaside. Distributed in Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and other places.

② Artemisia annua, see "Artemisia annua" for details.

The roots (Artemisia annua L.) and fruits (Artemisia annua L.) of the above plants are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] before flowering in summer, select those with green stems and leaves, cut the aboveground parts and dry them in the shade.

[medicinal materials] ① the dried whole grass of Artemisia annua, about 60-90 cm in length. The stem is cylindrical, with yellowish green or greenish brown surface, longitudinal furrows and ridges. It is glabrous, light and easy to break. The cross section is fibrous, yellowish white, with white loose pith in the center. Some leaves fall off, and the remaining leaves shrink and curl, green brown, brittle and fragile. It is fragrant and slightly bitter. It is better to be tender, green and fragrant.

② For the drying of Artemisia annua, please refer to "Artemisia annua".

It is produced in most parts of the country.

In addition, some areas are used to use Artemisia annua as follows:

① The former is used in Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan and Hubei, while the latter is used in Northeast China. See "Artemisia capillaris"

② The whole herb of Artemisia ordosica is used in Jiangsu, Shanghai, Sichuan and other places. See "mugwort" section.

[chemical constituents] Artemisia annua contains bitterness, volatile oil, artemisinine and vitamin A.

[pharmacological action] Artemisia annua aqueous extract (1:3) has some inhibitory effect on some skin fungi in vitro. The antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract against Leptospira in vitro was 7.8 mg / ml, similar to that of Forsythia suspensa, Phellodendron chinense and fleas, but weaker than that of Coptis chinensis, litchi chinensis, Scutellaria baicalensis and honeysuckle.

[processing] Artemisia annua: remove impurities, remove residual roots, moisten with water, cut into sections and dry in the sun. Turtle blood Artemisia annua: take the Artemisia annua section, put it in a large basin, pour in a little diluted turtle blood with warm water, mix well, slightly stuffy, after the turtle blood is absorbed, stir fry it in a pot, take it out and dry it. (each Artemisia section is 100 kg, and 200 live turtles are used for blood collection)

[flavor] bitter and pungent, cold.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes bitter and cold. "

② Ben Cao Zheng: "it tastes bitter and slightly pungent, but it is cold in nature. "

③ "Ben Cao Qiu Shao": "it tastes sweet and pungent, cold and nontoxic. "

[Guijing] into the liver and gallbladder channels.

① "Into the spleen and the stomach. "

② In the Compendium: "Shaoyang, Jueyin blood points. "

③ New edition of materia medica: "entering the four meridians of Zhou, liver, heart and kidney. "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat, relieving summer heat and removing steam. It is used to treat febrile diseases, summer heat, bone steam, fatigue heat, malaria, dysentery, jaundice, scabies and pruritus.

① Ben Jing: "it can cure itching, scab itching, sores, kill lice, keep heat in the joints and improve eyesight. "

② "Tang Materia Medica": "the application of raw pressing on the golden sores can stop bleeding, raw meat can stop pain. "

③ "Dietotherapy Materia Medica": "Yiqi, long hair, Buzhong, Mingmu, shafeng poison. Treat bone steaming. Burn ash and drench juice, and decoct with lime to treat malignant sores and dimples. "

④ "Materia medica collection": "housewives are full of blood and diarrhea for a long time. Use seeds in autumn and winter, seedlings in spring and summer, and mash juice. Also the end of the storm dry, urine Chongfu. If you feel cold, cook with wine. "

⑤ "Rihuazi materia medica:" long hair, black and not old, and to garlic hair, heartache hot yellow, raw mash juice and apply it. Diarrhea, food and drink at the end of five money dagger. "

⑥ "Diannan Materia Medica": "removing dampness and heat, eliminating phlegm. The treatment of phlegm fire is noisy and dizzy. Diuretic, cool blood, stop large intestine wind heat under blood, back five kinds of labor heat, fever afraid of cold. "

⑦ Compendium: "to cure the cold and heat of malaria. "

⑧ New edition of materia medica: "relieve summer fever. "

⑨ "To cure the food accumulation of children, to wash scabies and scabies" is one of the main contents of the book. "

⑩ Yilin zuanyao: "clearing dampness and heat in blood, treating jaundice and stagnation of fire.". "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1.5-3 yuan; or into pills, powder. External use: tamping or grinding.

[should avoid] 1. According to the book of Materia Medica, postpartum blood deficiency, diarrhea due to internal cold, and diarrhea due to stagnation of diet should not be used. All postpartum spleen and stomach weak, avoid with angelica, Rehmannia with. "

② "Materia medica tongxuan": "those with deficiency of stomach dare not throw it. "

[prescription selection] ① for treating febrile diseases, the night heat is early and cool, the heat subsides without sweat, and the heat comes from Yin: Artemisia annua two coins, turtle shell five coins, xishengdi four coins, Anemarrhena Anemarrhena two coins, Danpi three coins. Five cups of water, boil two cups, and take them every day. (Qinghao Biejia Decoction in differentiation of epidemic febrile diseases)

② Treatment of Shaoyang Sanjiao dampness, stagnation of heat, poor Qi, chest nausea, cold and heat such as malaria: Artemisia brain money half to two money, danzhuru three money, xianbanxia money half, chifuling three money, qingziqin money half to three money, shengzhike money half, chenguangpi money half, biyusan (bag) three money. Take it in water. (Haoqin Qingdan Decoction in popular treatise on Febrile Diseases)

③ Treatment of bone steaming, body thin, thirsty, cold and heat: Artemisia annua 1 jin (take leaves to dry, mash for the end), peach 1 jin (wine immersion, peeled tip, bran fried to make yellow, grind rotten), licorice half (five) two (raw mash for the end). In addition, the boy's three urinate, the Chinese Wutong, and the fried on the chaff fire, like the thin, but leaning in the bronze ware, the medicine is decocted on the bran fire, and stirred by the willow grate, it looks thin and thick. Take 30 pills every day and take them again every night. (shenghuifang: Artemisia annua)

4. Thin skinny: Artemisia annua (thin file) tender, one liter, three litres of water, five liters of urine, and the same as fried paste, pills such as Wutong son. Every ten pills, warm wine, not to time. (Jifeng Puji recipe fried with Artemisia annua)

5. Treat the deficiency, fatigue, sweating, heat and dry mouth: a pound of Artemisia annua, take the sauce and boil the paste, then add one or two of the ginseng and the Ophiopogon japonicus, and boil it to the pill, pill, such as Wutong Zi. Drink 20 pills after each meal. (Qinghao pill in Shengji Zonglu)

⑥ Treatment of cold and hot malaria: a grasp of Artemisia, two liters of water stains, wring juice, do take it. (behind the elbow)

⑦ Treatment of malaria due to deficiency: mash the juice of Artemisia annua, fry it, and drink it as usual. (Artemisia annua wine in the compendium)

⑧ Treatment of warm malaria phlegm very, but not cold: Artemisia two Liang (children urine immersion baked), Huangdan half Liang. It's the end. Two yuan for each, white soup. (Ren Cun Tang experience prescription)

⑨ For the treatment of Shaoyang malaria, it is hot in the evening and cool in the morning, with sweat and thirst relieving drink, and the pulse is on the left side. The patients with severe fever are Artemisia annua, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, mulberry leaves, turtle shell, cortex moutan and pollen. Five cups of water, boil two. Before malaria comes, take warm clothes twice. (Qinghao Biejia Decoction in differentiation of epidemic febrile diseases)

⑩ Under the treatment of red and white dysentery: Artemisia annua, Artemisia argyi, etc. Mash with Douchi to make cake, dry every day. Each with a cake, with water a half fried. (Haochi pill in Shengji Zonglu)

(11) treatment of heat toxin and dysentery: one or two Artemisia annua leaves, one or two licorice. Take it in water. (Sheng Ji Zong Lu)

(12) treatment of appendicitis and stomachache: Artemisia annua, Bifidobacterium, etc. First, bake the Artemisia annua and pound it into fine powder. Take two grams of boiled water before breakfast, lunch and dinner. (selected materials of new medical treatment of Chinese herbal medicine, Inner Mongolia)

⒀ treatment of wine hemorrhoids and hematochezia: Artemisia annua (leaves without stems, stems without leaves) as the end, cold water before feces (hematochezia) and water and wine after feces (hematochezia). (Yonglei qianfang)

(14) treatment of epistaxis in the nose: take Artemisia annua juice and stuff it in the nose. (Yi Jian Fang for health)

Treatment of ear abscess and bleeding: mash Artemisia annua and wrap it in the ear. (Sheng Hui Fang)

(16) treatment of dental swelling and pain: grasp Artemisia annua and gargle with boiling water. (Ji Ji Xian Fang)

How to treat bee claws: use Artemisia annua to pound them. (behind the elbow)

(18) treatment of Jinchuang: one is made of Artemisia annua. 2. Artemisia annua, hemp leaves, lime, etc. Tamping and drying, temporary for the end of the paint. (behind the elbow)

[famous expert's discussion] ① new edition of materia medica: "Artemisia annua, which is specially used to relieve the heat of bone steaming, can especially relieve the heat of summer heat without consuming Qi and blood. It can be used as a medicine to assist Qi and blood. It can be used as a king, a minister, and an assistant. But it must be used more, because its body is light, and the nature and Yin, less use can not be effective. The fire of Artemisia annua is also the fire of removing Yin and bone. However, it is not only the fire of removing bone, that is, the fire of skin, but also the fire of reducing together. Therefore, the ear is the most suitable for those with Yin deficiency and feeling evil. Artemisia annua can lead the fire in the bone and run on the muscle surface, while the two herbs can only cool the fire in the bone and can not leak out. "

② According to Ben Jing Feng Yuan, "there are also two kinds of Artemisia annua, one of which occurs in early spring. Its leaves are as green as those of Herba Artemisiae Scopariae. It is specially used for purging the fire of bingding, which can benefit the water channel and is similar to that of Herba Artemisiae Scopariae

Chinese PinYin : Qing Hao