myrrh

myrrh

(on medicinal properties)

Last medicine (compendium).

[source] it is the gum resin of myrrh tree or ellenburg myrrh tree.

[plant morphology] myrrh tree

Low shrubs or trees, 3 m high. The trunk is thick, with many irregular spiny thick branches. Bark thin, smooth, flaky, light orange brown, later gray. Leaves scattered or clustered, simple or 3-compound, petiole short, leaflets oblong ovate or oblanceolate, central piece 7-18 mm long, 4-8 mm wide, much larger than bilateral pair, obtuse, entire or slightly serrate at the end. Flowers small, clustered on short branches; calyx cup-shaped, persistent, with 4 obtuse teeth; corolla white, 4-petaled, oblong or linear oblong, erect; stamens 8, protruding from the edge of the short cup-shaped disk, erect, unequal in length, pollen sac ovate; ovary 3-locular, each with 2 ovules, style short and thick, stigma capitate. The drupe is ovoid, pointed, smooth, brown, with leathery or fleshy exocarp. There are 1-3 seeds, but only one is mature, and the others are atrophied. It blooms in summer.

It is distributed in tropical Africa and Western Asia.

② Myrrh tree in ellenburg

Small spinless trees or shrubs. 3-foliolate, clustered on short branches, long stalked, smooth or short hairy, leaflets obovate or oblong, apex short pointed or obtuse. One or two flowers protruded from the side of the leaf cluster; there were two bracteoles in the middle of the pedicel. Drupe ovate, slightly compressed, slightly raised on one side, short beaked, 1-locular, hard yellow peel; seed without endosperm.

It is distributed in the coastal areas on both sides of the Red Sea and the Arabian Peninsula from latitude 22 ° n to the coast of Somalia.

[collection] harvest from November to February of the next year or from June to July. This product mostly exudes naturally from the cracks of the bark, or cuts the bark to make the glue resin exude from the wound. The initial yellowish white liquid solidifies into reddish brown lumps after contacting with air. Remove the bark and impurities and store in a dry and ventilated place.

[medicinal materials] the dried resins are irregular granules or agglomerates with different sizes. Generally, they are about 2.5 cm in diameter, some up to 10 cm in diameter. They are reddish brown or yellowish brown with rough surface and covered with dust. The broken surface is irregular granular, with brown oil like luster, accompanied by white dots or lines, and the thin section is translucent. It is yellow emulsion when combined with water. The gas is weak and fragrant, and the taste is bitter and pungent. It's better to be big, brownish red, fragrant and less impurity.

It is mainly produced in Somalia, Ethiopia and southern Arabian Peninsula. Somalia is the best.

[chemical constituents] myrrh contains 25-35% resin, 2.5-9% volatile oil, 57-65% gum, 3-4% water and other impurities.

Most of the resin is soluble in ether, the insoluble part contains α - and β - gallic acid, and the soluble part contains α, β - and γ - gallic acid, gallic acid, α - and β - gallic acid. In addition, it contains rare myrrh resin and myrrh terpenol.

The volatile oil is easily resinified in the air, and contains syringol, m-cresol, cumaldehyde, phycoene, dipentene, limonene, cinnamaldehyde, caryophyllene, etc.

Arabic sugar, galactose and xylose were obtained by hydrolysis of gum.

[pharmacological action] the water extract of myrrh (1:2) can inhibit Trichophyton violaceum, Trichophyton concentric, Xanthomonas schlegeli and other pathogenic fungi in vitro. The antibacterial effect of myrrh may be related to the content of eugenol, see "clove".

Oleoresin can reduce the blood cholesterol content of male rabbits with hypercholesterolemia (caused by feeding hydrogenated vegetable oil), prevent plaque formation, and reduce the weight of rabbits. Similar to other oleoresins, myrrh (usually tincture) has some local irritating effects. It can be used in oral lotions, and it can also be used to stimulate intestinal peristalsis when the gastrointestinal tract is weak.

[processing] myrrh: remove impurities and break them into pieces. Myrrh making: take the picked myrrh and put it in the pot. Stir fry it gently until the melting point appears on the surface. Take it out and let it cool. Or stir fry until the surface is slightly melted, spray rice vinegar, continue to stir fry until the outer layer is bright and transparent, take out and let cool. (myrrh per 100 kg, vinegar 6 kg)

"Materia Medica from the new": "myrrh, water flying, with a bowl sitting in hot water, with the wick with research, it is easy to fine. "

Bitter and smooth.

① "On medicinal properties": "bitter and pungent in taste. "

② "Haiyao Materia Medica": "bitter and pungent, warm, non-toxic. "

③ Kaibao materia medica: "it tastes bitter, flat and nontoxic. "

[Guijing] into the liver meridian.

① "Entering the foot Jueyin Meridian" is one of the key points in the book of Materia Medica. "

② New edition of materia medica: "entering the spleen and kidney meridians. "

③ "Seeking truth from Materia Medica": entering the heart and liver. "

Functions and indications: disperse blood and remove blood stasis, reduce swelling and relieve pain. It is used to treat falls, golden sores, tendons and bones, pains in the heart and abdomen, Baihuang, amenorrhea, carbuncle, swelling and pain, hemorrhoids and leakage, and blindness,

① According to the theory of medicinal properties, "the main damage is the blood stasis in the heart and abdomen, the injury is broken, the muscles and bones are stagnated and painful, the gold blade is damaged, and the pain is unbearable. "

② "Haiyao Materia Medica" says: "it's mainly used to break the horse drop, push the old to buy the new, it can produce good blood, grind the rotten, and take it with hot wine. Abortion, heart and abdomen pain, pheasant hemorrhoids, postpartum blood gas pain, and appropriate pills, powder. "

③ "Rihuazi Materia Medica" says: "it can break the blood stasis and eliminate swelling and poison. "

④ Kaibao materia medica: "it is mainly used to break blood and relieve pain. Treatment of stick sores, all kinds of malignant sores, hemorrhoids and hemorrhoids, blood under the stroke, dizziness in the eyes, pain and red skin. "

⑤ Wang Haogu: "treat heart and gallbladder deficiency, liver and blood deficiency. "

⑥ "Compendium": "disperse blood and detumescence, set pain and promote muscle. "

⑦ "Materia medica said:" long time comfortable fascia, blood circulation, solid teeth, long hair. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoct soup, 1-3 Qian, or put into pill or powder. External use: grind and apply.

[should avoid] pregnant women should not take it.

① "Pinhuijingyao": "pregnancy is not acceptable. "

② According to the classic of Materia Medica, "it is not suitable to use for the patients with Kaschin Beck pain and the pain of the husband's chest, abdomen and flank because of blood deficiency instead of blood stasis. Postpartum evil to more, abdominal deficiency pain should not be used. Carbuncle has ulcerated and should not be used. It's not suitable for those with red eyes and skin. "

[prescription selection] ① treatment of muscle and bone injury: four liang of rice flour (fried yellow), half of myrrh and half of frankincense powder. Wine into paste, spread it. (Imperial medicine prescription)

② For those who can't penetrate the membrane: frankincense and myrrh have one soap each, which is big and rotten. Take half a cup of urine and half a cup of good wine. Take the same medicine orally. (wonderful recipe)

③ To cure all kinds of wind in the calendar Festival and pain in the joints, you can't tolerate it day and night: half a liang of myrrh (grind); three liang of tiger Shin (crisp, yellow), first pound Luo for powder, and then grind it with myrrh. Warm wine for two yuan, three servings a day. (Ben Cao Tu Jing)

④ Cure all heart and stomach pain, not Ninja: myrrh, frankincense each three money, Chuan Shan Jia (fried) five money, wood turtle son four money. At the end of the day, half to a dollar for each serving, half a cup of wine, fried with warm clothes, regardless of the time. (myrrh powder in xuanming Lun Fang)

⑤ Treatment of women's internal injury, pain, hematuria and navel abdominal pain: myrrh research fine, warm wine tune a money. (Ben Cao Tu Jing)

⑥ Treatment of postpartum hematuria, language reversal, amnesia and loss of will: myrrh, Draconis, etc. Fine research for the end, postpartum with the boy urination and warm wine each half cup, fry one, two boil, transfer two money, a long time to take, its evil blood from the next. (lethal powder in Shanghan Baoming Ji)

⑦ Xiaoxuekuai: talc two money, myrrh one money, Kirin exhausted one money. For the end of vinegar paste for the pill. (Jin Kui Gou Xuan)

⑧ To cure women's moon water barrier: myrrh half Liang, Naosha half Liang, dry lacquer half Liang (mashed, fried to smoke), Guixin one or two, Yuanhua half Liang (mixed with vinegar for one night, fried to dry), Dog Gall two (dried), mercury three (put into Shaozao meat, research to make star). On the medicine, pound Luo for the end, to jujube meat and pills, such as mung bean big. Before eating, take ten pills with warm vinegar soup. (Sheng Hui Fang has no pills)

⑨ Treatment of sores and unknown swelling: myrrh (deoiling), cinnabar, dragon's blood, borax, frankincense (deoiling), realgar, toad venom (human milk immersion), light powder, borneol, musk, etc. Milk together fine powder, with milk pound and pill, such as wheat big. Each with three pills, containing sublingual, holding the swallowing, sweating from disappear; if no sweat, with hot wine to urge it. (Tonghua pill in Yangyi Daquan)

⑩ To cure carbuncle and canker, to decay and to regenerate: frankincense and myrrh are equally divided. On the leaves of an Ruo, remove the oil by fire, apply the cream on it and paste it. If the poison of this medicine is not enough, the pus will go out. If the poison is enough, the mouth will be closed. (Haifu powder in the book of Yangyi Daquan)

(11) treatment of five hemorrhoids: myrrh one or two (Research), jarosite, alum, drowning (fire calcination) each half two, musk one money (Research). Add five flavors and mix well. Wash and wipe with Scallion soup and apply with medicine. (Shengji Zonglu Xiaodu myrrh powder)

(12) treatment of eye abscess and blood leakage: myrrh, rhubarb (steamed, less used), Glauber's salt. Last is the last. Three yuan for each serving, with wine and tea. (myrrh powder in Yinhai Jingwei)

The treatment of blood perfusion pupil, external barrier pain: myrrh two liang, Kirin exhausted one or two, rhubarb one or two half, mirabilite one or two half. The upper tamping is the last, and the order is the smallest. After eating hot tea to adjust the next money. (myrrh powder in Yanke Longmu Lun)

[discussion by famous experts] ① introduction to medicine: "dongyuanyun, myrrh is in the Department of treating sore and dispersing blood. It can break the stagnant blood, reduce swelling and relieve pain. It is also a wonderful drug for sore family. "

② "The compendium of Medical Sciences:" frankincense promotes blood circulation, myrrh disperses blood, both can relieve pain, detumescence, and promote muscle growth, so the two drugs are often used together. "

Chinese PinYin : Mei Yao