sweet basil

sweet basil

(Tao Hongjing)

[synonyms] Lanxiang (Qimin Yaoshu), coriander (Jiayou materia medica), yizicao (compendium), qiancengta, jiucengta, xianghuazi (Lingnan caiyao Lu), jiapeilan (Chinese medicine and plant records), spearmint, perilla, lilac basil (Guangxi Traditional Chinese medicine records), yejinsha (Chinese medicine and plant Atlas), Yuxiang, menthol (Guangdong traditional Chinese Medicine II), shengtoucao（ The medicinal materials of Jiangsu Province.

[source] it is the whole plant of Ocimum basilicum.

[plant morphology] basil

Annual erect herbs, all fragrant, 20-70 cm high. Stem tetragonal, upper part much branched, surface usually purplish green, pilose. Leaves opposite; ovate or ovate lanceolate, 2-6 cm long, 1-3.5 cm wide, apex acute or acuminate, base cuneate, margin sparsely serrate or entire, with purulent spots below; petiole 0.7-2 cm long. Cymes terminal, arranged in discontinuous racemes, with 6 or more flowers per round; rachis long and densely pilose; bracts ovate and small, margin hairy; calyx tubular, apex 5-lobed, upper 1 piece extra large, nearly round, the other 4 pieces smaller, acute triangle; corolla 2-lipped, white or light red, about 9 mm long, upper 4-lobes almost equal, lobes nearly round, margin nearly round Shallow erosive. Lower lip 1 elliptic, entire; stamens 4, 2 strong, both extending out of corolla, anthers 2-locular, close together; ovary 4-lobed, style completely inserted at the bottom of ovary, stigma 2-lobed. Nutlets 4, ovate to oblong, ca. 2 mm long, dark brown. The flowering period is from July to September. The fruit period is from August to October.

Wild or cultivated. It is distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangxi, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Liaoning, etc.

The roots (roots) and fruits (fruits) of this plant are also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] harvest in September, remove sediment, cut into sections and dry in the sun.

[medicinal material] the dry whole grass is the stem with ear, and the leaves have fallen off. Stem square, surface purple or yellow purple, pilose; fracture section fibrous, central white pith. Flowers withered, persistent calyx yellowish brown, membranous, 5-lobed, containing brown nutlets. It is fragrant and cool. It is better to be dry, fine stem and no sediment weeds.

[chemical composition] it contains 0.02-0.04% volatile oil, and the main components are ocimene, α - pinene, 1,8-cladistin, linalool, taurol, limonene, carene-3, methylpiperonol, syringol, syringol methyl ether, anisole, methyl cinnamate, hexen-8-ol-1, octanone-3 and furfural.

[processing] remove impurities, moisten slightly, cut into sections and dry in the sun.

[flavor] pungent, warm.

① Qianjin Shizhi: "it tastes bitter, pungent and astringent, mild and nontoxic. "

② Jiadiao materia medica: "it tastes pungent, warm and slightly poisonous. "

[Guijing] Ben Cao Hui Yan: "start, foot Taiyin, hand, Foot Yangming Jing. "

Functions and indications: dispersing wind and promoting Qi, resolving dampness and eliminating food, promoting blood circulation and detoxifying. It can treat headache, food distension, qi stagnation, epigastric pain, diarrhea, irregular menstruation, traumatic injury, snakebite, skin wet sores, addiction rash and itching.

① Qianjin? Shizhi: "stop drinking water and disperse poisonous gas. "

② "Jiadiao Materia Medica" says: "in the regulation, you can eliminate food, evil Qi, water Qi, and live. It is also good for treating root sores. Take the juice and take it as a half mixture. In winter, cook it with the dry one. "

③ "Lingnan caiyao Lu" says: "it can be used as dressing for snakebite. "

④ Modern practical Chinese medicine: "it is a good medicine for obstetrics. It can make blood flow well before and after delivery, and treat stomach spasm and kidney disease. "

⑤ "It has the effect of relieving heat and relieving fever. "

⑥ Nanjing folk herbs: "the decoction of leaves and Salvia miltiorrhiza can promote menstruation and blood circulation. "

⑦ "Guangxi Traditional Chinese medicine annals": "Shubiao, dispersing wind heat. Treatment of headache, fever, cough, skin rash and itching. "

⑧ "Rubbing juice can cure eye pterygium. "

⑨ "Guangdong traditional Chinese medicine" II: "pain and swelling. It can cure wind poison sore and rheumatism swelling. "

⑩ "Dispelling wind and detumescence, dispersing blood stasis and relieving pain" is a common Chinese herbal medicine manual of Guangzhou army. It can treat gastrointestinal flatulence, dyspepsia, stomachache, enteritis, diarrhea, exogenous cold, headache, chest pain, bruise and swelling, rheumatic arthralgia, eczema and dermatitis. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 2-3 yuan; or mash juice. External use: tamping, burning, grinding, stirring or decocting.

[should avoid] the patients with Qi deficiency and blood dryness should take it carefully.

① "Qianjin? Shizhi" says: "do not eat for a long time, astringent Rongwei Qi. "

② Jiadiao materia medica: "don't overdo it. If you eat too much, it will block your joints and make your blood weak. "

[selection] 1. To treat cough and EEE: four liang of ginger (mashed), two liang of orchid leaves, a dagger of minced pepper, four liang of salt and noodles, wrapped for cooking, simmered and eaten hollow. (waitai)

② Governance chancre gas nose red rotten: Orchid leaves (burning ash) two money, bronze five points, light powder two words. On the fine to make even, see the size of the dry sore paste. (Lanxiang powder in Zhijue of pediatric medicine syndrome)

③ Treatment of snakebite: qiancengta, maoshexiang, xuejianchou, qixingjian mashing application. (collection of herbs in Lingnan)

According to Luo tianyiyun, orchid fragrance is pungent and can moisten dryness with blood. But Zhang Yu Xiyan often eats astringent Yingwei, and his blood is not good. He ye also treats toothache and halitosis by Li's family of Dongyuan. Orchid is used in Shengong pills, and agastache is used in Yunwu pills. This is just to get rid of the bad breath. Therefore, it is said in Yinshan Zhengzheng that eating with all kinds of dishes is pungent and can dispel the fishy smell. "

Chinese PinYin : Luo Le