Cervus nipponica

Cervus nipponica

(materia medica of Southern Yunnan)

[synonyms] poxuedan (a textual research on the name and reality of plants), jinniucao, dafeijincao, hongfeijincao (Chongqing herbal medicine), lushoucha (Shaanxi herbal medicine), luancha (Shanxi herbal medicine).

[source] it is the whole plant of Pyrola or Pyrola rotundifolia.

[plant morphology] 1. Pyrola, also known as wintergreen.

Perennial evergreen herbs, 20-30 cm high. The underground stem is long and thin, creeping or extending, with indistinct nodes, each node with a scale, and the axils of scales have fine branched adventitious roots. Leaves clustered at the base; leaf blade field shaped to ovoid, 2-6cm long, 2-5cm wide, apex obtuse, base round or wedge-shaped, entire or with thin sparse teeth, margin retrorse, lateral veins subpinnate, obvious; below is often gray blue-green; petiole can be twice as long as leaf, flower stem thin cylindrical, angular, near upper bracts 1-2, bracts lanceolate; raceme, Flowers large, widely open, 15-20 mm in diameter, with short stalks, 1 lanceolate bracteole at the base; sepals 5-lobed, lobes ligulate, acute or obtuse; petals 5-lobed, elliptic, apex obtuse, base slightly narrow, white or pinkish; stamens 10, filaments slightly curved, flat; pistils 1, ovary oblate, style fleshy, curved, stigma 5-lobed, capitate. Capsule oblate, 5-ribbed, dehiscent at maturity, calyx persistent. The flowering period is from May to June. The fruit period is from September to October.

It grows under trees in mountain forests or in shady and wet places. It is distributed in Hebei, Henan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Shaanxi, Qinghai, Gansu, etc.

② Pyrola rotundifolia

The shape is similar to that of the above species, but the flowers are smaller, sepals lanceolate and acuminate. Distributed in Northeast, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and other places.

In addition to the above varieties, there are also whole grasses belonging to a variety of plants, which are used in a few areas. For example, Pyrola elliptica is used in Sichuan; Pyrola vulgaris is used in Tibet, Yunnan and Guizhou; Pyrola purpurea is used in Tibet.

[collection] all year round. Dig out the whole grass with roots, clean the soil, and dry it until the leaves are soft and slightly contracted. When the leaves are heaped and heated, the two sides of the leaves will turn into purplish red or purplish brown, and then dry in the sun.

The stem is purplish brown, slightly angular, wrinkled, glabrous and slightly glossy. Petiole long, flat and concave, both sides membranous, often curved, glabrous. The leaves are wrinkled, slightly broken, purplish red on the top, few brown green ones, smooth, purplish red on the bottom, glabrous, veinlets slightly protruding; paper, fragile. Sometimes flower stems with several florets or oblate Brown capsules can be seen. Without Qi, the taste is slightly bitter. Purplish red or purplish brown without impurities is preferred.

Mainly produced in Zhejiang, Anhui, Guizhou, Shaanxi. In addition, it is also produced in heilongqian, Sichuan, Yunnan and Hainan. The quality of Zhejiang and Anhui is the best.

It's a kind of solid Buqi herbal cream with the function of Nourishing Qi, which is named as Buqi herbal paste.

[chemical constituents] the whole plant of Pyrola rotundifolia contains 7.93% arbutin, 18% tannin, Pyrola rotundifolia, volatile oil, sucrose, invertase, amygdalase, etc. The dry leaves contain high ursolic glycosides and isohigh ursolic glycosides.

[pharmacological action] Pyrola rotundifolia ether extract has cardiotonic effect on the weak isolated frog heart, but the effect of water and alcohol extract is weak; it has no significant effect on the normal isolated frog heart. Intravenous injection of water, alcohol and ether extracts of Herba Cervus in anesthetized dogs had hypotensive effect, and the rabbit ear perfusion method proved that it had obvious vasodilative effect. The effect of different parts of Elymus chinensis is similar, but the effect of leaf is stronger than that of root and stem.

Ursolic glycoside and phloridzin have the same effect on diabetes. It can also inhibit the degradation of insulin in vitro. After oral administration, hydroquinone is hydrolyzed quickly in the body to produce hydroquinone, which combines with glucuronic acid and releases free hydroquinone in alkaline urine. It has bactericidal effect and is not effective in the treatment of urinary tract infection. Some people think that if taking a large amount (1g, 3-6 times / day), it is effective when the urine is alkaline and low specific gravity; if the urine is acidic, it is ineffective. The small intestine of Microtus Fortis and chicken chicks contains a common active transport system of ursolic glycoside and glucose. The affinity of this system to these substances is enhanced by sodium ion and inhibited by potassium ion.

In addition, the effects of the undetermined species are as follows: 1

The female mice took the decoction daily for 10 days. On the fifth day, they were caged with the male mice for 1 month. The inhibition of fertility reached 100%. Taking medicine for 10-30 days can inhibit estrus, cause atrophy of uterus and ovary, but have no effect on body weight.

2. Others

The concentration of water decoction and deprecipitation with ethanol can increase the coronary flow of isolated rabbit heart at low dose, but with the increase of dose, the increase of coronary flow is not obvious, sometimes it decreases. It weakens the contractility of the heart, slows down the heart rate, and is often accompanied by irregular rhythm, and some patients still have arrest and fibrillation.

[processing] remove impurities, screen sediment, wash, slightly moisten, finely cut and dry.

[flavor] sweet and bitter, warm.

① "Diannan Materia Medica": "it is mild in nature and pungent in taste. "

② Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine: "bitter and astringent, flat.". "

③ Shanxi Chinese herbal medicine: "sweet, warm. "

[Guijing] textual research on the names and facts of plants: "entering the liver and kidney meridians. "

Functions and indications: tonifying deficiency, tonifying kidney, dispelling wind and removing dampness, activating blood circulation and regulating menstruation, treating weakness, cough, strain, hematemesis, rheumatoid arthritis pain, metrorrhagia, leucorrhea, traumatic bleeding.

① "Diannan Materia Medica": "for the treatment of muscle and bone pain and phlegm fire, take some water and wine. "

② "Textual research on the names and facts of plants" says: "it can treat hematemesis, dredge channels, strengthen tendons, strengthen bones, nourish waist and kidney, and generate fluid. "

③ "Chinese medicine Zhi": "treating deficiency and tuberculosis, relieving cough. "

④ "Chongqing herbal medicine": "treat weakness, tuberculosis, cough, leucorrhea. "

⑤ "Sichuan commonly used Chinese herbal medicine": "Qufeng dehumidification, stop palpitation, night sweat. It is used to treat tuberculosis, hematemesis, soreness and weakness of muscles and bones, rheumatism joint pain, convulsion, tongue vomiting, rat leakage and carbuncle swelling. "

⑥ Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine: "tonifying kidney and strengthening yang, regulating menstruation and activating blood circulation, astringency and hemostasis. It is used to treat deficiency cough, kidney deficiency night sweats, waist and knee weakness, rheumatoid arthritis, hemiplegia, metrorrhagia, leucorrhea, conjunctivitis and various kinds of bleeding. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decocting soup, 0.5-1 Liang: grinding powder or stewing meat. External use: tamping or grinding powder scattering.

[prescription selection] 1. Treatment of asthenia: one or two deer with grass and a pair of pig's hooves. Stew. (Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine)

② Treatment of tuberculosis hemoptysis: lujiacao, Baiji each four money. Take it in water. (Shanxi Chinese herbal medicine)

③ Treatment of chronic rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis: Pyrola, Atractylodes four money each, Alisma three money. Take it in water. (selected Chinese herbal medicines from Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai)

④ Treatment of chronic enteritis, dysentery: Pyrola five money. Take it in water. (selected Chinese herbal medicines from Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai)

⑤ Treatment of metrorrhagia: one deer holding four liang of grass, one jin of pork. Stew hot. Add a little salt and finish in two days. (Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine) two deer holding grass five money, Sanguisorba charcoal one or two. Fried in water, twice a day. (Jilin Chinese herbal medicine)

⑥ Treatment of kidney deficiency five drenching turbid: Deer holding grass two liang, decoction. (prescription of traditional Chinese medicine in Yunnan)

⑦ Treatment of allergic dermatitis, sore carbuncle swelling poison, insect snake bite: Pyrola appropriate amount. Fry soup and wash the affected area twice a day. (Inner Mongolia Chinese herbal medicine)

⑧ Treatment of traumatic bleeding, snakebite: fresh Pyrola, mashed or dry product research powder external application. (selected Chinese herbal medicines from Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and Qinghai)

Chinese PinYin : Lu Xian Cao