Antelope horn

Antelope horn

(Ben Jing)

[source] horn of Saiga antelope, etc.

[animal morphology] Saiga antelope, also known as high nosed antelope.

The body is medium in shape and 1-1.4 meters in length. The shoulder length of male is 70-83 cm and that of female is 63-74 cm. The weight of male is 37-60 kg and that of female is 29-37 kg. Big head. Nasal snout is enlarged, nostril is also large, and can be flexible and swing left and right. The prefrontal part is protuberant. Big eyes. The ears are short. The limbs are small and the hooves are low and long. The tail is thin, short and pendulous. The female has four pairs of nipples. Summer hair is short and close to the skin. The whole body is brownish yellow or maroon, the face is light, there is a long and narrow strip in the center of the spine, which is cinnamon; the lower part of the neck, chest, abdomen and inner side of the limbs are almost white. The male is horned, longer than the orbit and slightly tilted backward. The base of the horn is brown yellow, the upper part is yellow white as wax, there are about 20 ridges on the surface, and the upper part of the horn to the tip is smooth without ridges. The female has no horns and only short protuberances.

It mainly lives in semi desert area. Most of them live in open desert area in summer, and in salt marsh semi desert area from late autumn to winter. Zoobenthos. Xinjiang and other places.

The meat of this animal (Antelope meat) is also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] it can be caught all year round. After catching, the angle is sawed off from the base. Generally, the best color is from August to October.

[herb] the complete angle is long conic, slightly arcuate, 25-40 cm in length, 3 cm in diameter at the base, white or yellowish white. Except the tip, there are 10-20 protruding ridges and few young branches. The tip is smooth and round, curved and cone-shaped, smooth as jade. The twigs have blood or purple black in perspective, without cracks. The old ones have longitudinal cracks, without black tips. The antelope has a "round" or "horn" about one third of its total length. The bone plug is round, hard and heavy. There are protruding parallel lines on the surface and grooves on the inner surface of the angle. It is quite firm. From the cross section, the joint is irregular serrated. After the bone plug is removed, the lower part of the horn is simple, hollow, with pores straight up to the tip. It is commonly known as "Tongtian eye". It can be seen through low light, which is the main distinguishing feature of antelope horn. It's hard. Odorless, light taste. It is better to be tender, white, smooth, with blood and without cracks. Those with old quality, yellow white color and cracks are inferior.

It is produced in Xinjiang.

[chemical composition] it contains calcium phosphate, keratin and insoluble inorganic salts, among which keratin is the most abundant. The sulfur content of antelope horn is only 1.2%, which is one of the least.

[pharmacological action] ① effect on central nervous system

The extract of Cornu antelope cortex (made of 50% alcohol, 100% flow extract, evaporated before the experiment) can reduce the directional motor response of mice, inhibit the central nervous system, accelerate the start speed of barbital and ether anesthesia, significantly reduce the sensitivity to pentamethenyltetrazolium, strychnine and electroconvulsive, but do not cause muscle relaxation; the decoction can reduce caffeine induced toad and small intestine injury However, it had no effect on convulsion induced by strychnine and could not enhance the toxicity of phenobarbital to toads and mice.

② Antipyretic effect

Lingyangjiao decoction had antipyretic effect on rabbits with fever caused by Salmonella typhi and paratyphoid A and B vaccine. The body temperature began to drop 2 hours after intragastric administration and gradually recovered 6 hours later.

③ Other functions

The extract of Cornu antelope cortex can increase the tolerance to hypoxia and has analgesic effect.

[toxicity] when mice were given 2 g / kg daily for 7 days, their weight increased slowly, but there were no significant changes in diet, defecation and free movement. The toxicity is very low.

[processing] antelope horn slice: remove the bone plug, immerse it in water, remove the tendon, pound it into longitudinal slice and dry it. Antelope horn powder: remove bone plug, file, grind into fine powder.

[flavor] salty, cold.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes salty and cold. "

② Bielu: "bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. "

③ "On medicinal properties": "sweet taste. "

[Guijing] into the liver and heart channels.

① Materia medica Mong: "Zou Gan Jing. "

② In the book of Materia Medica Jing Shu, "we should start with Taiyin, Shaoyin and Jueyin. "

Functions and indications: calming the liver and calming the wind, clearing away heat and convulsion, detoxifying. It is used to treat fever, dizziness, spasm, delirium, dizziness, convulsion, tetany, and erythema.

① "Ben Jing" says: "master eyesight, replenish qi and activate Yin, remove evil blood, inject it, and ease heart qi. "

② Bielu: "in the treatment of typhoid fever, the Qi is cold and hot, the heat is in the skin, the wind is warm, the poison is injected into the bones, the evil Qi is removed, the dreams are startled, the madness is more and more eccentric, and the food is choked. "

③ "Theory of medicinal properties": "it can cure all kinds of heat and toxic wind attack and injection, in which the evil wind died, confused and unconscious; it can disperse the blood after delivery, and make the heart feel depressed, and take it by burning the powder of wine; it can also disperse the evil blood for treating infantile convulsion and malaria. "

④ Meng Shen: "it is mainly used for stroke, tendon contracture, bone pain, raw friction and water smearing, swelling and sores; it is also used for stroke, heat and depression, scraps for powder, research and less honey; it is also used for heat toxin dysentery and blood dysentery. "

⑤ "Food therapy Materia Medica": "typhoid fever heat poison blood, the end of the service. He's treating hernia. "

⑥ "Materia medica notes:" the main stream poison and palpitation, boring, lying restless, heart and chest between the evil gas poison, Pang. "

⑦ "The compendium of Medical Sciences" says: "it can calm the liver and relax the tendons, calm the wind and soothe the soul, disperse blood and lower Qi, dispel evil and detoxify, and treat eclampsia and spasm. "

⑧ New materia medica: "calming the mind, stopping night sweats, eliminating edema, removing blood stasis, generating new blood, reducing fire and Qi, relieving thirst and trouble. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: grinding juice, 3-5 minutes; decocting soup, 0.5-1 money; or into pill or powder.

[prescription selection] 1. In the treatment of typhoid fever, the Qi is cold and hot, the residual heat does not subside after sweating, vomiting and diarrhea, or the heart is frightened and restless, or delirium is incessant, the human feelings are reversed, the pulse is still urgent, and the delay does not heal: grind a half cup of antelope horn juice, take one yuan of licorice and one yuan of wick, fry soup and take it. (Fang Mai Zheng Zong)

② For the treatment of stroke and hand tremor, the tongue is astringent: antelope horn (pound) is one or two, rhinoceros horn (pound) is three, notopterygium Notopterygii (removing the head of reed), Saposhnikovia (removing fork) is one or two, coix seed (fried) and Gentiana macrophylla (washed) are two or two. Study the fine flour, and make the honeyed pills, such as Wutong. Take 20 pills each time, fry in bamboo leaf soup and add to 30 pills gradually. (Lingyangjiao pill in Shengji Zonglu)

③ To cure partial wind, hand and foot do not follow, limbs stubborn Bi: antelope horn (pound) one or two, Duhuo (to Lutou) two, Aconitum (cracked, peeled, umbilical) three, Fangfeng (to fork) one. File like beans. Take five daggers each time. Take two pieces of water. Decoct one. Remove the dross. Take two pieces of warm water. Take one on an empty stomach and one at night. (Lingyangjiao soup in Shengji Zonglu)

④ Treatment of Yang Jue Qi adverse, multi anger: antelope horn, ginseng each three Liang, red Poria cocos two Liang (peeled), Polygala (heartless), rhubarb (fried) each half two, licorice a point (fried). Last is the last. Take three coins for each serving, one and a half cups of water, fry until eight minutes, remove dross and warm clothes, regardless of time. (Lingyangjiao Decoction in xuanming Lun Fang)

⑤ Treatment of blood deficiency, tendons and veins contracture, or calendar Festival pain: antelope horn grinding juice half, to honeysuckle twelve five money, fried soup bowl, kimono. (xuqingnang prescription)

⑥ For the treatment of postpartum apoplexy, the body reflexes like a horn bow: three parts of antelope horn scraps, one or two parts of Duhuo, three parts of Angelica (file, stir fry), one or two parts of Fangfeng (remove the head of reed), half two parts of ginseng (remove the head of reed), half two parts of red peony, half two parts of asarum, half two parts of Guixin, one or two parts of Mahuang (remove the root and node). Pound, rough for the end. For each serving, take one cup of water, add ginger for half a minute, fry until six minutes, remove dross, and take it warm regardless of time. (lingyangjiaosan)

⑦ For the treatment of children's night crying and multi shock fever: antelope horn scraps, Scutellaria baicalensis, rhinoceros horn scraps, licorice (roasted slightly red, filed), Fu Shen (Fu Shen) and half Liang (heartless, baked). Pound, rough for scattered. For each serving, take a small cup of water and fry it for 5 minutes. Remove the dross, measure the amount and take it separately. (lingyangjiaosan)

⑧ For seven days, he was restless and hot, his chest and diaphragm were not good, his eyes were red, and he could not sleep: antelope horn chips, Scutellaria baicalensis, stigma kernel, Rhizoma Coptidis (removing beard), Rhizoma Cimicifugae, Fructus aurantii (stir fried with bran, removing flesh) each one or two. The Wutong is the last, and the honey and pills are large. Take 30 pills with bamboo leaf soup every time. (Lingyangjiao pill, prescription 6, Shenghui prescription)

⑨ Treatment of heart lung wind heat Chong mu, health pterygium: antelope horn (pounds), Scutellaria (to black heart), bupleurum (to seedlings), Cimicifuga each three points, licorice (raw file) one or two. Roughly mash and sift, take five daggers each time, one and a half cups of water, fry until one cup, remove dross and serve after eating. (Lingyangjiao soup in Shengji Zonglu)

⑩ Treatment of eye and death of white Yi membrane: antelope horn scraps half Liang, Alisma half Liang, Chamomile Flower one or two, Wei Rui half Liang, dodder half Liang (wine soaked for three days, exposure dry, do not pound for the end). Pound, coarse Luo for powder, each take three money, with water in a cup, fried to six minutes, to dross, regardless of time, warm. (lingyangjiaosan in shenghuifang)

(11) after the treatment of pox, the remaining poison is not clear, and the pain and swelling are everywhere: grind half a cup of antelope horn juice, take two pairs of Astragalus and honeysuckle each, and take them in decoction. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

(1) in the Compendium: "antelope horn enters Jueyin liver meridian. Liver resuscitation in the eyes, the disease is also, eyes dark cover, and antelope horn can be flat. The liver dominates the wind, and the joint is the tendon. The onset of the disease is also convulsion in children, eclampsia in women, stroke and tetany in adults, and spasm of meridians, which can be relieved by the antelope horn. The soul is the God of the liver, and the onset of the disease is startled and restless, and the crazier the more absurd, and the antelope horn can be safe. Blood is also stored in the liver, the onset of stasis, colic, dysentery, sore swelling, postpartum blood gas, and Lingjiao can disperse. The fire comes from the liver and gallbladder, anger comes from the Qi, and the disease is upset, Qi goes against, choking and blocking, cold and heat, typhoid fever and latent heat, which can be reduced by antelope horn. "

② "Every horn can enter the liver, disperse blood and detoxify, and rhinoceros horn is the first choice. Therefore, it is necessary for acne patients with excessive blood heat and toxin. If the poison of acne is in Qi, and it is dense on the front and can't start, it needs antelope horn to decompose its potential and make the evil blood flow to other places

Chinese PinYin : Ling Yang Jiao