Radish

Radish

(Tang materia medica)

[synonyms] pods and lupin (Erya), Raphanus and shepherd's purse root (Shuowen), Luofu (Qianfu Lun), luolei (Hanshu Jinzhuo Zhu), Haili (classic Shiwen), zisong (tangbencao), radish (mengshen), zihuasong, wensong, Luomiao, Chusong, qinsong (Bencao tujing), Tusu (vegetable recipe), guixinzazhi, Luobai (Guangzhou flora) .

[source] fresh roots of Raphani, a cruciferous plant.

[plant morphology] Raphani

Annual or biennial erect herbs, up to 1 m tall. The root is thick with different meat quality, size, color and shape. The stem is strong, with longitudinal lines and furrows, with branches and white frost. The leaves of the lower part of the stem are harp shaped and pinnate, 12-24 cm long, with the largest apical lobes, blunt apex, 4-6 pairs of lobes on both sides, opposite or alternate along the leaf axis, triangular ovate, with smaller lobes, sharp apex, blunt dentate or dentate margin; the leaves of the upper part of the stem are gradually smaller, with rectangular leaves, 3-5 cm long 1-1.5 cm wide, apex mucronate, margin shallowly serrate or nearly entire; base shortly stipitate or subsessile. Raceme at the top of branch; sepals 4, linear long elliptic, green, with lavender outside; petals 4, obovate cuneate, clawed, white, lavender or pink, 3 stamens 4 strong; pistil 1, ovary thin cylindrical. Long horned fruit cylindrical, fleshy, slightly constricted at seed, apex with a long pointed beak. Seeds oblate, 3 mm in diam., reddish brown. The flowering period is from March to June. The fruit period is from May to August.

It is widely cultivated all over the country.

The roots (skulls), leaves (leaves) and seeds (seeds) of the fruiting plants of this plant are also used for medicine. See the special regulations for details.

[collection] in winter, dig fresh roots, remove stems and leaves, and wash them.

[chemical constituents] the main sugars in roots are glucose, sucrose and fructose. Coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, phenylpyruvic acid, gentian acid, hydroxybenzoic acid and many kinds of amino acids were also determined. Fresh root contains 7.75 mg% methyl mercaptan and 20 mg% vitamin C. It is a good source of calcium because it does not contain oxalic acid. It contains 0.41 Mg Mn and 7 mg B (dry weight). It also contains raphanin.

[pharmacological action] alcohol extract has antibacterial effect, especially sensitive to Gram-positive bacteria; when serum is available, its activity is reduced by half; it also has antifungal effect. The acid substance in the root of Raphani has no toxicity to mice injected subcutaneously 3 g / kg or intraperitoneally 2 g / kg, but only slight and transient toxicity to rabbits injected subcutaneously 1 g / kg. In addition, it was reported that the juice extracted from crushed roots could prevent gallstone formation and was used in cholelithiasis.

Sweet and cool,

① Bielu: "it tastes bitter, warm and nontoxic. "

② Tang materia medica: "it tastes sweet, warm and nontoxic. "

③ Meng Shen: "cold. "

④ According to the book of Materia Medica, the raw taste is pungent and cold, while the cooked taste is sweet and warm. "

Channel tropism: entering lung and stomach channels,

① "Diannan Materia Medica": "entering the spleen and lung meridians. "

② In the compendium, it can be divided into Taiyin, Yangming and Shaoyang Qi. "

③ "Hand foot Taiyin, Yangming scripture". "

④ New materia medica: "entering the heart and lung meridians. "

[function indications] xiaojizhi, huatanre, Xiaqi, Kuanzhong, detoxification. It is used for the treatment of food retention, phlegm cough, aphasia, hematemesis, bleeding, thirst, dysentery and headache.

① Bielu: "it benefits the five zang organs and Qi. "

② Tang materia medica: "taking it in powder or by cooking, it can greatly reduce Qi, eliminate grain, and eliminate phlegm addiction; taking it in raw and mashed juice can relieve thirst. "

③ Meng Shen: "it's good for joints. It's good for practicing the evil Qi in the five zang organs. "

④ "Four tones of Materia Medica": "ordinary people eat too much, chew and swallow raw, then disappear, also main lung cough and hematemesis. "

⑤ "Eating Materia Medica": "to promote the atmosphere, to remove pathogenic heat. Flowers: bright eyes. "

⑥ Rihuazi materia medica: "it can eliminate phlegm and relieve cough; it can cure pulmonary flaccidity and hematemesis; it can warm the middle of the body, make up deficiency, and cure cough caused by labor and thin, and it can be used to cook mutton and crucian carp. "

⑦ "Daily use Materia Medica": "broad chest diaphragm, benefit defecation. Cooked food can remove phlegm and eliminate grain; raw food can quench thirst. "

⑧ Wang Ying's "food Materia Medica": "taking it raw and rammed, it can cure dysentery. "

⑨ Ben Cao Hui Bian: "kill the fishy smell and cure the accumulation of tofu. "

⑩ Compendium: "it is effective in swallowing acid, resolving stagnation, detoxifying alcohol and dispersing blood stasis. In addition, it can also be used to treat dysentery and aphonia, and smoke to death. In addition, it can also be used to treat fire injury. "

(11) seeking truth from materia medica: "detoxify aconite poison. "

(12) according to the diet of suixiju, it can cure cough, aphasia, throat diseases, and detoxify coal poison and eggplant poison. The ripe one can nourish the spleen, transport food, produce body fluid, resist the wind and cold, bring turbidity, nourish the fetus and nourish the blood. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: mash juice drink, 1-3 Liang; decoct or cook. External use: tamping or juice dripping.

(1) in the book of Materia Medica Yanyi, it is said that the root of Raphani is white when it is taken by Rehmannia glutinosa and Polygonum multiflorum. "

② "Ben Jing Feng Yuan" says: "if the spleen and stomach are deficient and cold, those who can't eat should not eat. "

[formula selection] 1. Sour food: chew a few slices of raw radish or lettuce. Dry, cooked, salted, and cold stomach were not effective. (Linhu jijianfang)

② Treat tumbling and vomiting: Smash radish, fry with honey, chew and swallow carefully. (Puji Fang)

③ Treatment of tuberculous, adhesive intestinal obstruction, mechanical intestinal obstruction: white radish 1 jin, slice, add 1000 ml water, fry to 500 ml. Take one dose daily. (Inner Mongolia, China)

④ Treatment aphasia: radish raw mash juice, ginger juice into the same service. (Puji Fang)

⑤ Treatment of phlegm heat throat closed: radish juice and Gleditsia slurry, spit it. (Puji Fang)

⑥ Treatment of epistaxis more than: Radish (mash juice) half a cup, into a little wine, hot service, and juice injection in the nose are good. Or boil with wine, add radish and drink again. (Yi Jian Fang for health)

⑦ Treatment of tuberculosis hemoptysis: red radish two Jin, add 300 ml of water, fry to 100 ml, remove the residue, and then add alum three money, honey three Liang. Take 60 ml three times a day on an empty stomach in the morning and evening. (anti tuberculosis in China (2): 90, 1960)

⑧ Treatment of thirst and dry mouth: radish juice 1 liter, drink it. (heart mirror of food medicine)

⑨ Treatment of heat dysentery, blood dysentery and large intestine pain after Jing: radish, cut, grind fine, filter juice a small cup, honey and water mixed with a cup, with fried. Take it before eating in the morning and in the afternoon, drink 100 pills of Huanglian Ejiao pills with rice. No radish to radish offspring. (Puji Fang)

⑩ It takes more than ten days to cure the disease of wine and lower the blood: raw radish, pick up 20 pieces of slightly big round fruit, leave more than 20 inches of green leaves, and lower the root, take well water from a porcelain vase, make it very rotten hot, ginger, rice, light vinegar, hollow, and eat it at will. It's better to cook in silver soup. (new book of Shouqin endowment, radish)

(11) treatment of migraine: raw radish juice with a clam shell, supine, with the left and right injection nose. (ruyifang)

(12) treatment of burn in soup and burn in flower: apply the raw radish and the seeds. (Sheng Ji Zong Lu)

For those whose skin can not be broken, they should be sealed with radish or leaves. (compendium)

(14) treatment of full mouth ulcers: frequent gargling with radish natural juice to remove saliva. (Linhu jijianfang)

To cure all kinds of drenching, pain is unbearable, and gravel drenching: cut the radish into four or five pieces with one finger thick. When the white honey is little, put it on an iron shovel, dry it with slow fire, dip it in and fry it again. Take one or two honey and cook it again and again to make it fragrant. Don't scorch it. Wait until it's cold and chew it carefully, and send it down with salt soup. (Ming Xuan ointment in Zhu Shi Ji Yi Fang)

(16) treatment of beriberi walking pain: wash it with fried radish soup, and dry the radish in the sun as the end, then lay the socks inside. (Sheng Ji Zong Lu)

[clinical application] treatment of trichomonal vaginitis

Wash the radish with water, wipe it with alcohol and cut it into mud. Take 1-2 teaspoons each time and wrap it into a gauze roll with sterilized gauze. Tie a long thread at one end and use it as a vaginal plug. When applying the medicine, first flush the vulva and vagina with 1 / 5000 potassium permanganate solution, wipe dry, roll the turnip mud gauze into the vagina, and expose the thread outside the vagina. Once a day. 68 cases were treated and 62 cases were cured. In general, 2-3 days after treatment, the vulva itching, heat, lower abdominal heavy feeling or pain disappeared, and the secretion gradually returned to normal state from purulent; after 5-10 times of treatment, the vaginal mucosal congestion was relieved or completely returned to normal. After 4-7 times of continuous administration, the smear was negative. There was no side effect in the course of treatment.

[famous scholar's discussion] 1. In the book of Materia Medica, it says: "radish has the same function (turnip), but its power is stronger than its right side. It also uses its root to break the lower part, and is used as medicine when it is cooked. "

② Bencao Yanyi: "it is said in the world that the root of Raphanus sativus is the root of the plant. It is the root of Raphanus sativus that the root of Raphanus sativus is the root of Raphanus sativus. For example, ginger and mustard are both pungent, which can not only disperse, but also slow down the speed of Qi. Ginger is used to disperse Qi and Raphani is used to lower Qi. "

③ The supplement to the meaning of materia medica: "the root of Raphanus sativus, which is said by the materia medica to have a rapid downward flow of Qi, is often seen in people who eat too much food and stagnate into a disease of excessive drinking, which is more sweet and less pungent. "

④ "Compendium": "radish, root, leaf tonggong, Shengshi Shengqi, cooked food Jiangqi. Su and Kou stop talking about the speed of their lower Qi, while sun Zhenren says that they have been eating astringent food for a long time. They don't know that when they are born, they are angry, when they are ripe, they are discouraged, and they are different in ascending and descending. Most of them enter Taiyin, Yangming and Shaoyang Qi, so they are all caused by lung, spleen, intestine, stomach and triple energizer. Li Jiuhua said: eating more radish seeps into the blood. The white man's moustache and hair were covered by it, not only because of the astringency of his lower Qi. "

⑤ Bencao Jingshu: "the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani, the root of Raphani

Chinese PinYin : Lai Fu