Bitter gall

Bitter gall

(essential preparation of raw herbs)

[synonyms] Brassica juncea (compendium), bupleurum and Majia Baixing (preparation of raw herbs), sandal soles (Lingnan medicine collection record), didantou and modidian (flora of Guangzhou), niuchabi, tiecandlestick, pidigai, dipipa, niutuobi (Fujian folk herbs), dandelion, chuhuogen, maodouxixin (Guangxi Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine plant), paving the ground Niang (medical records of Nanning City), iron broom, iron cup, iron Ding mirror, needle (materia medica of Mindong), iron lamp post, brush (prescription of Jiangxi folk herbal medicine), and di Ku Dan (prescription collection of new Chinese herbal medicine in Guangxi).

[source] it is the whole plant of Herba Rehmanniae.

[plant morphology] Herba Gentianae

Perennial erect herbs, 30-60 cm high. Sometimes all covered with white close coarse hairs. The stem is dichotomous branched, with few hard and rough branches. Single leaf mostly basal, spatulate or oblong oblanceolate, 5-15 cm long, 2-4.5 cm wide, base gradually narrowed, apex obtuse or short pointed, margin slightly obtuse serrate: cauline leaves few and thin, petiole 5-15 mm long, base enlarged, amplexicaul, or nearly sessile. There are about 4 florets in the head, which are on the top of the branch; usually there are 3 leaflike bracts, the bracts are ovate or oblong ovate, 1-1.5 cm long; the head has many dense florets in each bundle; the involucre is 8-10 mm long; the receptacle is glabrous; the florets are all tubular, bisexual, light purple, 7-9 mm long, the apex is 4-lobed, one side is cracked, the lobes are slightly broad; the stamens are 4-5, slightly protruding from the tube Outside; ovary inferior, 1-locular. Achene angulate with 4-6 long bristles at the top. The flowering period is from August to December. The fruiting period is from November to February of the next year.

It grows in valley, village side, roadside, wasteland, cultivated land and other low grass. Distributed in Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places.

The root of this plant (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis) is also used for medicine. Please refer to the special section for details.

[collection] collected in late summer and dried in the sun.

The rhizome is short and thick, 1-2 cm long, about 0.5 cm thick, densely covered with white hairs; the root leaves are mostly shrunken, yellow green, spoon shaped or oblong oblanceolate, sparsely covered with white hairs, slightly soft paper. The stem is cylindrical, 2-3 mm thick, mostly cut, hollow in cross section, with few and small leaves. Sometimes the stem end with a head, corolla off more. It is better to have more leaves and no flowers.

Produced in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian and other places.

The whole plant of the same genus, Gentiana diffusa, can also be used as Gentiana diffusa. It is characterized by many branches, hairy, oval or oblong leaves and white flowers.

[chemical constituents] Herba Rehmanniae contains epiterpenol, sesquitol, stigmasterol, Triacontanol, Triacontanol and potassium chloride. It also contains hesperidol acetate, desoxygentianin and isodesoxygentianin. Luteolin-7-glucoside was isolated from fresh flowers.

[pharmacological action] the antibacterial effect of didancao injection (prepared by decocting and concentrating alcohol extract, adding lead acetate to remove the precipitate) was tested in vitro (disk method, each disk contains about 30 mg of crude drug), which has antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. When the crude drug is 18-24 g per 15 ml, it can also inhibit Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysentery and Staphylococcus aureus.

Bitter, pungent and cold.

① Compendium: "taste bitter. "

② "Raw herbal medicine nature preparation": it is pungent in taste and flat in nature. "

③ "Bitter, cold, non-toxic. "

④ Minnan folk herbal medicine: "bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic. "

[Guijing] 1. Quanzhou materia medica: "entering the lung and liver meridians. "

② "Mindong Materia Medica": "entering the lung, spleen and liver three meridians. "

Functions and indications: cooling blood, clearing heat, benefiting water and detoxifying. Treatment of epistaxis, jaundice, gonorrhea, beriberi, edema, carbuncle, sore, snake bite.

① "Preparation of raw herbal medicine nature": "disperse sore, cool blood, disinfect and remove phlegm. It can also stop bleeding if it is bitten by rats or bitten by snakes. "It can cure the intestinal wind and lower the blood. "

② "Gangmu Shiyi": "Ye: can be pasted with heat sores. "

③ Flora of Guangzhou: "treating damp heat. "

④ Fujian folk herbal medicine: "diuresis and distension. "

⑤ "Drug records of Nanning city": "Ye: application of heat, toxic sores, breast carbuncle, falls. "

⑥ "Clearing away heat and detoxification" is one of the important contents of Guangxi Traditional Chinese medicine. For the treatment of Sha Qi heat disease, mash and apply heat sores, fry soup, smoke and wash, and take orally for the treatment of eye upper membrane. "

⑦ "Mindong Materia Medica": "warming the spleen and promoting diuresis, broadening the middle and lower Qi. Treatment of edema, abdominal distension, cough, malnutrition, hernia. "

Usage: 2-5 times of decoction. External use: tamping or boiling water fumigation.

[taboo] 1. According to the records of Nanning medicine, it should be avoided if the body is deficient. "

② "Guangxi Traditional Chinese medicine annals": "do not use cold. "

③ Quanzhou materia medica: "pregnant women should use it with caution. "

[selection] ① to treat epistaxis: the amount of Di Dan tou and pig liver should be taken into consideration. Take the same Decoction for three to four times.

② Treatment of yang jaundice: to gall head with roots and leaves washed, fresh four to six Liang. Cook meat for four or five days.

③ Treatment of abdominal distention: bitter and gall. Take it twice in the morning and evening, or stew it with pork. (1) Lingnan herbal medicine annals

④ Treatment of dysuria: five yuan to one or two yuan for didancao. Take it in water. (Fujian Chinese herbal medicine)

⑤ Treatment of beriberi: Kudi danquan grass 1 to 2 liang, tofu 2 to 4 liang. Add boiling water to stew. (Fujian folk herbal medicine)

⑥ Treatment of heat drenching: fresh gallbladder grass three Liang, lean pork four Liang, a little salt. Decoct with water, remove dregs, take four times. (prescription of Jiangxi folk herbal medicine)

⑦ Treatment of tonsillitis, pharyngitis: to gall two money. Soak in 300 ml hot boiled water for half an hour, take orally, one dose a day. It can also be made into tablets. (prescription collection of new Chinese herbal medicine in Guangxi)

⑧ The treatment of axillary swelling and poisons, scattered swelling pain, pus has become also safe, but also all the swelling and poisons: day mustard with salt and vinegar with tamping. (Yilin Jiyao)

⑨ Treatment of carbuncle swelling: a fresh Herba Gentianae decoction, fumigation wash the affected area. Two to gall grass whole grass seven money, wine, water half fried service. (prescription of Jiangxi folk herbal medicine)

⑩ Treatment of finger rash and mastitis: appropriate amount of fresh Herba Gentianae, add sweet wine and fermented grains, mash and apply to the affected area. (prescription of Jiangxi folk herbal medicine)

(11) treatment of filariasis lymphangitis: Radix Gentianae. Take it in water. (Fujian Chinese herbal medicine)

(12) treatment of snakebite: the day mustard and the golden boiling grass are pounded and applied with salt. (compendium)

Treatment of pterygium: bitter gall 10 jin, vinegar 20 jin, copper 1 jin. First, burn the copper red, put it into the vinegar immediately, take it out and burn it red, then put it into the vinegar, repeat this for dozens of times, then soak the fresh bitter gall in the vinegar for one month, filter it, and use it eye drops (if it is irritating, no special treatment, it will return to normal after half an hour). (prescription collection of new Chinese herbal medicine in Guangxi)

[clinical application] ① treatment of acute inflammation

The injection was made from Radix Gentianae with 6 g crude drug in 2 ml, 2-4 ml in 2-3 times a day. A total of 112 cases were observed, including 29 cases of pneumonia, 24 cases of upper respiratory tract inflammation, 18 cases of lymphadenitis, 12 cases of enteric typhoid fever, 10 cases of emphysema complicated with infection, 9 cases of acute hepatitis, 8 cases of bronchitis and 2 cases of skin infection. Results 68 cases were cured, 38 cases were improved, 6 cases were ineffective. No obvious side effects were found.

② Treatment of oral ulceration

1 liang of dried Radix Gentianae, decocted in water, 1 dose daily. 22 cases were treated and 18 cases were cured, with an average of 3 days. No recurrence was observed for 3 months. Side effects: individual abdominal discomfort after taking. It should be used with caution for the elderly and children.

Chinese PinYin : Ku Di Dan