Black fat hemp

Black fat hemp

(compendium)

[synonyms] Hu Ma, Ju Sheng (Ben Jing), Gou lie (Wu Pu Ben Cao), Hong ZANG (BIE Lu), Wu Ma, Wu Ma Zi (Qian Jin Fang), you ma (dietotherapy Ben Cao), Jiao Ma (Daye Shi Yi Lu), San Yuan Yan Shou Shu, Ju Du Zi (pinhui Jing Yao), Xiao Hu MA (Chinese pharmacy Dictionary).

[source] it is the black seed of Apocynum bicolor.

[plant morphology] Zhima (materia medica Yanyi), also known as Fangjing (Wupu materia medica).

Herbs annual, up to 1 m tall. Stem erect, tetragonal, whole plant hairy. Single leaf opposite or upper leaves alternate; ovate, oblong or lanceolate, 3-10 cm long, upper part often lanceolate, nearly entire, middle part toothed, lower part often palmately 3-lobed; petiole 1.5-5 cm long. Flowers solitary or 2-3 in leaf axils; petiolate; sepals 5-lobed, lobes lanceolate, about 6 mm long; corolla tubular, 2.5-3 cm long, pilose, white, often mixed with purplish red or yellow; stamens 4,2-strong, anthers yellow, basifixed, sagittal, filaments flat, papery; pistils 1, ovary conical, pseudo4-locular at early stage, 2-locular at mature stage, densely covered with white pilose, style Linear, stigma 2-lobed, papery. Capsule tetragonal, also hexagonal and octagonal, oblong tubular, ca. 2.5 cm long, dark brown; shortly stipitate, densely white pilose, calyx persistent. Seeds numerous, ovate, apex acuminate, black, white or yellowish. The flowering period is from June to August. The fruit period is from August to September.

It is cultivated all over the country.

The stem, leaf, flower, white seed and shell of this plant are also used for medicine.

[collection] in August and September, when the fruit is yellow and black, harvest it, cut the whole grass, bundle it into small bundles, top it up, dry it in the sun, lay down the seeds, remove the impurities, and then dry it in the sun.

The seeds are oblate ovoid, one end obtuse, the other end pointed, 2-4 mm long, 1-2 mm wide and 1 mm thick. The surface is black, with or without reticular wrinkles. Small verrucous processes can be seen under the magnifying microscope. The edge is smooth or prismatic. There is a round brown hilum at the tip. The testa is thin and papery, and the thin film endosperm can be seen in the longitudinal section. Embryo erect, with 2 large white cotyledons, rich in oil. Weak Qi, light taste, chew it with fragrance. It is better to be big, black, full and free of impurities.

It is mainly produced in Sichuan, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan and other places. It is also produced in other places.

[chemical composition] the seed contains 60% fat oil. The oil contains oleic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosanoic acid and other glycerides, sterols, sesamin, sesamin, sesamol, vitamin E, etc. The seed contained 18.45 mg folic acid, 0.48 mg nicotinic acid, 0.64% sucrose, 0.65% lecithin, pentosan, protein and a large amount of calcium.

[pharmacological action] the water extract of the whole herb has excitatory effect on isolated guinea pig uterus. Oral administration of seed extract can reduce blood glucose, increase glycogen content in liver and muscle, but a large amount can reduce glycogen content. The content of ascorbic acid and cholesterol in adrenal gland of rats fed with black sesame oil 0.2 ml / 100 g body weight for 10 days was increased. Histochemical examination also showed that the function of adrenal cortex was inhibited to some extent, especially in late pregnancy. Injection of black sesame oil into normal or ovariectomized rats has a tendency to increase blood cell volume. Sesamin contained in the oil has synergistic effect on the killing of flies by pyrethroids. Seeds can cause diarrhea. Pressed oil cake is toxic to livestock, causing colic, tremor, dyspnea, flatulence, cough and inhibition. The calf fed too much black fat hemp developed eczema, depilation and pruritus.

Sweet and smooth.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes sweet and flat. "

② "Yinshan Zhengzheng": it tastes sweet and slightly cold. "

③ "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": "Gan, Wen. "

④ Yilin zuanyao: "sweet and bitter, cold and slippery. "

[Guijing] into the liver and kidney channels.

① "Lei Gong's treatment of medicinal properties": entering the lung and spleen meridians. "

② According to the classic of Materia Medica, it goes into foot Taiyin, foot Jueyin and foot Shaoyin. "

③ "Yuluoyaojie" says: "entering the foot Jueyin liver, hand Yangming large intestine meridian. "

Functions and indications: tonifying the liver and kidney and moistening the five zang organs. It can cure deficiency of liver and kidney, deficiency of wind and vertigo, wind obstruction, paralysis, stool dryness, deficiency and weakness after illness, early white hair and little milk.

① "Ben Jing" says: "it can nourish the five internal organs, replenish qi and strength, grow muscles and fill the brain. "

② Baopuzi: "anti rheumatism, tonifying aging. "

③ Bielu: "strengthen the muscles and bones, treat golden sores, relieve pain, typhoid fever and warm malaria, and clear the ears and eyes after vomiting. "

④ "Tang Materia Medica": "raw chewing and smearing children's head sores and immersion sores. "

⑤ "Dietotherapy Materia Medica": "moisten five Zang, main fire burning, fill bone marrow, fill deficiency Qi. "

⑥ According to the edible Materia Medica, "to treat women's Yin sores, the first time you eat it is beneficial to the intestines and intestines. If you take it for a long time, you can't do it. Go to the old and leave the new. "

⑦ Rihuazi materia medica: "Buzhong Yiqi, yangwucang, treatment of labor Qi, postpartum fatigue, tolerance of cold and heat, stop panic. The wind is wet, swimming and headwind. "

⑧ Jiayou materia medica: "he < U > Zi < / u > is taken in powder. To cure wind and scabies. "

⑨ "Yucatalpa medicine solution": tonifying semen, moistening liver, nourishing blood and relaxing tendons. It can be used to treat the symptoms of Jian, bu Chi, dryness and dryness of skin, dryness of marrow and reduction of meat, lack of milk and obstruction of menstruation. Cure all sores and ulcers, detoxify and detumescence, generate muscle and grow flesh. Kill insects, grow baldness. "

⑩ Yishi Zhuanyao: "the black can nourish yin, tonify stomach, benefit small intestine, slow liver, improve eyesight, cool blood and detoxify heat. The red brown one has heart and kidney. "

(11) records of Shanxi Traditional Chinese medicine: "it is used to treat lumbago and foot pain, dysentery, blood in urine, etc. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 3-5 yuan; or into pills, powder. External use: boiling water bath or tamping.

Don't take it if you have weak spleen and loose stool.

① Bencao from the new: "it's smooth to take flax. It is not suitable to eat if the essence is not solid. "

② "Seeking truth from Materia Medica" says: "loose stools, impotence, fine smoothness and leucorrhea are all taboo when the lower yuan is not solid. "

[selected formula] ① treat five viscera deficiency, replenish qi and strength, strengthen muscles and bones: Jusheng nine steaming nine violent, storage. Take two of each, dip the soup into cloth, peel and grind it again, filter the juice, fry and drink, and cook porridge. (compendium)

② Treatment of liver and kidney deficiency, eye disease, skin dryness and astringency, constipation: (frost, to stem tendons, dry in the sun), black sesame (fried), etc. Mash the glutinous rice balls to make honey. Daily service four or five money, uninterrupted, self-efficacy. (medical grade Sangma pill)

③ Treatment of the elderly wind deficiency Bi weak, limb weakness, waist and knee pain: jushengzi Er Sheng (boil), er Sheng, dry Rehmannia half Jin (cut). Store it in a silk bag without a bucket of grey wine. Don't be discouraged for five or six days. One or two hollow warm clothes are especially beneficial. (Jusheng wine, a new book of Shouqin endowment)

④ Cure all rheumatism, waist and foot pain, and travel popular stop uncertain: Flax a Jin, eight Liang, Wei Ling Xian (wine fried) four Liang. Research for the end, every morning five money, white soup tune. (Fang Mai Zheng Zong)

⑤ For women with milk deficiency: stir fry with sesame oil and add a little salt. (compendium)

⑥ Treatment of dental pain and swelling: five liters of flax. A bucket of water, boil five liters, gargle and spit. The stem and leaf can be used. (behind the elbow)

⑦ Zhifei Decoction by fire block sore: cooked rammed raw flax, such as mud, to thick coating on the sore. (behind the elbow)

⑧ Treatment of soft boils in children: stir fried with oil and hemp, then apply it with hot tamping. (Tan's formula for children)

⑨ Treatment of immersion sores: ramming and applying with flaxseed. (Puji Fang)

⑩ Treatment of children's scrofula: Zhima, bisection. For the end, eat it frequently. (simple formula)

(11) treatment of Dingzhong: two pieces of flax (burnt ash) and two pieces of needle sand. On the two flavors and research order fine, with tune such as paste, coating swelling, day three easy. (Hu Ma Fang in Sheng Ji Zong Lu)

(12) treatment of hemorrhoids, wind swelling and pain: wash it with Hu Ma Zi decoction. (compendium)

Treatment of Yin itching and sores: mash flax and apply it. (behind the elbow)

(14) the treatment of ulcers after pus ulceration is not suitable: stir fry black hemp to make it black, and apply it thoroughly. (Qian Jin Fang)

The treatment of biting sores: you Ma Yan Lan Fu. It can also cure insect bites. (behind the experience)

Liu Wansu: "to treat the wind, we should treat the blood first, and the wind goes away when the blood is alive.". Flax into the liver and blood, so the wind medicine can not be que also. "

② The classic of materia medica: "flax has a peaceful smell, not cold but not hot. It is good for spleen and stomach, liver and kidney. Gold blade hurt blood, then blood stasis and pain, Ganping Yixue Runzao, so the treatment of sore pain is also. "

③ "Seeking truth from Materia Medica" says: "flax is a kind of moistening product, so it can fill in the essence. It is also sweet, so it can nourish blood, warm spleen and endure hunger. In case of blood stasis, the two stools are difficult and astringent, the hair is not black, the internal hair of rheumatism is scabies, and the children's pox and rash turn black and return to the kidney. In case of dryness, it is advisable to use the sweet, gentle and smooth flavor. "

Chinese PinYin : Hei Zhi Ma