Lotus seed

(notes to the classic of Materia Medica)

[synonyms] lotus seed, shuizhidan (Ben Jing), lotus seed (Guo Pu's notes in Erya), Zezhi (compendium), and lotus seed (records of Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] it is the fruit or seed of Nymphaeaceae.

[plant morphology] Lotus (bielu), also known as lotus (the book of songs), Fuqu (Erya), Furong and Shuizhi (Cui Bao's ancient and modern notes).

Perennial aquatic herbs. The rhizome is thick and transverse, with yellowish white outer skin, constricted nodes, scaly leaves and adventitious roots, swollen internodes, white inner, hollow and many longitudinal tubes. The leaf blade is round shield shaped, 30-90cm in diameter above the water surface, entire, slightly wavy, dark green on the top, smooth, with white powder, and light green on the bottom: the petiole is inserted in the center of the back of the leaf, cylindrical, hollow, up to 1-2m high, with scattered bristles on the surface. Pedicel and petiole equal or slightly higher; flowers large, single, terminal, 12-23 cm in diameter, pink or white, fragrant; sepals 4 or 5, green, small, caducous; petals many, oblong elliptic to obovate, apex blunt, gradually smaller from the outside to the inside; stamens many, caducous, anthers linear, yellow, connective apex into a stick like appendage, filaments slender, attached to the stem Under the receptacle, the carpel is mostly buried in the receptacle, the receptacle is inverted cone-shaped, the top is flat, there are 20-30 small holes, each hole has an oval ovary, the style is very short, the receptacle gradually increases in the fruit stage, the inner fort is spongy, commonly known as "Lotus", the length and width are 5-10 cm. The nut is oval or oval in shape, 1.5-2.5 cm in length, hard and leathery in skin, with one seed inside, commonly known as "lotus seed". The flowering period is from July to August and the fruiting period is from September to October.

Autogenous or cultivated in ponds. It is distributed in most areas of China.

The thin rhizome (lotus root), thick rhizome (lotus root), node of rhizome (lotus root node), leaf (), base of leaf (lotus leaf stalk), petiole or petiole (Lotus stem), flower bud (lotus flower), receptacle (Lotus House), stamen (Lotus beard), seed coat (Lotus coat), embryo bud (), etc. of this plant are also used for medicine. See special notes for details.

[collection] at the end of autumn and the beginning of winter, the lotus houses were cut and the fruits were taken out and dried in the sun; or the fruits that fell into the water and settled in the mud were collected and washed and dried in the sun. Or remove the shell and dry in the sun. The seeds with gray black shell after frost aging are called "stone lotus seeds"; the seeds without shell are called "Lotus flesh".

[medicinal materials] 1. Stone lotus seed (another record)

Also known as: Sweet stone lotus, shell lotus seed, lotus seed with skin. It is oval in shape, slightly pointed at both ends, 1.5-2 cm long and 0.8-1.2 cm in diameter. Its surface is grayish brown or grayish black. It is slightly glossy after being removed by grayish white frost, and dense light colored dots can be seen. There are small round holes at the top, short fruit stalks at the base, and round brown small protuberances beside the fruit stalks. The fruit is hard, not easy to break; the pericarp is about 1 mm thick, and the inner surface is reddish brown. The inner seed is a lotus. Without Qi, it tastes astringent and sweet. Black, plump, heavy and hard are the best.

② Lotus meat

Also known as: Shilian meat (bureau). It is oval in shape, 1.2-1.7 cm in length and 0.7-1.2 cm in diameter. The epidermis is reddish brown or yellowish brown, with longitudinal lines, close to the seed kernel, not easy to peel off; one end has dark reddish brown milky process, with cracks. Some seeds are yellow white in appearance, with 2 kernels. They are thick, hard, and have good appearance. There is a large space in the center and green plumule (lotus seed) inside. Without Qi, the taste is sweet, light and slightly astringent. It is better to be big, full and tidy.

It is mainly produced in Hunan, Hubei, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi. Hunan is the best and Fujian is the largest. In addition, it is also produced in Shandong, Anhui, Shanxi, Henan, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Yunnan, Guizhou and Shaanxi.

[chemical composition] it contains abundant starch and raffinose, 16.6% protein, 2.0% fat, 62% carbohydrates, 0.089% calcium, 0.285% phosphorus and 0.0064% iron.

The seed pod contains nuciferine, n-demethylnuciferine, oxycarpine and n-demethylimine. Oxycarpine can inhibit nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

[processing] it can be used to pick up impurities, or smash, peel and remove heart. Or put the stone lotus seeds in a pot, boil them in water, cut them, peel them and dry them in the sun.

[flavor] sweet and astringent, flat.

① Ben Jing: "it tastes sweet and flat. "

② "Materia medica Mong" says: "it tastes sweet and astringent, its Qi is calm and cold, and it is non-toxic. "

③ "Materia medica re new": "sweet, slightly cool, non-toxic. "

④ According to the diet of suixiju: "the fresh is sweet and the dry is sweet and warm. "

[Guijing] enter the heart, spleen and kidney.

① "Lei Gong's treatment of medicinal properties": entering the heart, stomach and bladder. "

② In the book of Materia Medica, it is said that "when you enter Taiyin and Yangming, you should also start Shaoyin. "

③ New edition of materia medica: "enter the heart, spleen, liver and kidney. "

Functions and indications: nourishing the heart, tonifying the kidney and tonifying the spleen. Astringent bowel. It is used to treat night sleep, dreaminess, spermatorrhea, drenching turbidity, dysentery, diarrhea, metrorrhagia and metrorrhagia. Stone lotus seed and can stop vomiting, appetizer, commonly used in the treatment of diarrhea.

① "Ben Jing" says: "it can nourish the middle, nourish the spirit and replenish qi. "

② Yu Shen: "the main five internal organs are insufficient, the Qi is exhausted in the injury, and the blood of the twelve meridians is vital. "

③ "Materia medica collection": "make black, not old. "

④ "Food doctor's heart mirror": "quench thirst, remove heat. "

⑤ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Yiqi, quench thirst, help heart, stop dysentery. Treat lumbago and ejaculate. "

⑥ Daily use materia medica: "stop thirst, diarrhea and turbidity. "

⑦ "Diannan Materia Medica": "Qingxin Jiere. "

⑧ "Compendium of Medical Sciences" says: "heart and kidney, thick stomach, solid essence and Qi, strong bones and muscles, tonifying deficiency and damage, benefit ears and eyes, remove cold and dampness, stop spleen discharge, dysentery for a long time, red and white turbidity, women with blood diseases. "

⑨ "The preparation of Materia Medica" says: "clearing the heart and removing the trouble, appetizing and eating, specially treating the syndrome of silent dysentery and drenching. "

⑩ "Suixiju diet spectrum": "it can stop vomiting, strengthen the lower Jiao, and the more you get, the more you can't help it. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 2-4 Qian; or into the pill, powder.

[should avoid] in the fullness of swelling and stool dry knot, avoid taking.

① "Materia medica collection": "when you are born, you will swell your stomach. When you eat, you will vomit. "

② "Good" and "compendium". "

③ "The preparation of materia medica:" do not take it if you have a dry stool. "

④ "Suixiju diet spectrum": "before and after exogenous infection, malaria, jaundice, chancre, hemorrhoids, qi stagnation and distention, drowning, constipation, food not moving, and new postpartum are all taboo. "

[prescription selection] ① for chronic dysentery: two pairs of old lotus seeds (without heart) are used as the end, one money for each serving, and the chenmi decoction is adjusted. (Shi Yi De Xiao Fang)

② Treat dysentery diet, commonly known as silent dysentery: fresh lotus one or two, five money, five money. Deep fry, thin and sip. (Ben Cao Jing Shu)

③ Cure dysentery: stone lotus is not much, not fried, shelled, meat and heart, ground into fine powder. Guilgen two money, rice drink down. (Bai Yi Xuan Fang)

④ Treatment of heart fire inflammation, damp heat, urine astringent red, drenching turbid collapse belt, spermatorrhea and other syndromes:, (to the heart),,, (fried) each half two, Shilian meat (to the heart), white Poria cocos, (honey fried), ginseng each seven and a half money. On file scattered. Every three money, ten pills of Ophiopogon japonicus, one and a half cup of water, decoct for eight minutes, take before hollow food. (Qingxin Lianzi drink in Ju Fang)

⑤ Treatment of heart heat, urine is also turbid: stone lotus meat (Lianxin) six Liang, fried licorice one or two. Fine powder. Take two yuan for each, and then adjust the soup. (ren Zhai Zhi Zhi Zhi Fang Lian Zi Liu Yi Tang)

⑥ For the treatment of white urine and the discharge of essence from dreams: Lotus meat and (five colors) are equally divided. The upper part is fine. Take two yuan for each, hollow with rice drink. (Lotus meat powder)

⑦ Tonifying deficiency and benefiting damage: the lotus seed (peeled) is not much, soak it in good wine for one night, put it into the pig's stomach, boil it with water, and take it out for baking. On the very fine powder, wine paste for the ball, such as chicken head big. Take 50 or 70 pills each time. Warm wine before eating. (Shuizhi pill, medical invention)

⑧ After treatment, the stomach is weak, not water valley: lotus, fried four Liang, Poria cocos two Liang. A total of powder, sugar blend. Each with two Xu, white soup sent down. (Lotus meat cake in Shi Cai San Shu)

⑨ Treatment of stomach: stone lotus meat, for the end, into some end, rice soup by heat transfer service. (ren Zhai Zhi Zhi Zhi Fang Lian Zi SAN)

⑩ Treatment of postpartum stomach cold cough, vomiting do not eat, or abdominal distension: stone lotus meat in half, white Poria cocos one or two, five money. Last is the last. Take two yuan for each. When you like, use ginger soup or rice drink for three times a day. (Shi Lian San, a good prescription for women)

[discussion by famous experts] 1. Compendium: "the lotus is sweet in taste, astringent in nature due to the temperature, fragrant in nature, and has the taste of farming, which is the fruit of the spleen. Earth is the mother of vitality. The mother Qi is harmonious with body fluid. God is born by himself and has long been able to endure aging. In the past, people used to treat heart kidney disharmony and white turbidity due to fatigue, such as clearing heart and lotus seed drink, tonifying heart and kidney, benefiting essence and blood, and Ruilian pill. "

② "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": "Shi Lian Zi, Ben Lian is really old at the lotus house. It falls into the mud and is as black as stone for a long time, so it gets its name. It is a special medicine for heat toxin to prevent diarrhea Supplement spleen yin and eliminate heat toxin, but it must be combined with ginseng's efforts to promote stomach qi. If dysentery for a long time, stomach qi deficiency cold, mouth silence can not eat, then for GE Ji also. "

③ "Yucatalpa medicine solution": "lotus seed is sweet and flat, which is very beneficial to the spleen and stomach, and the astringent nature is the most suitable home for slippery discharge

Chinese PinYin : Lian Zi