Zhang Yi
Zhang Yi
Zhang Yi (1887-1969), a native of Xuyong County, Sichuan Province, is also known as Weizhi. He is a scholar and professor of G.W.F. Hegel's philosophy in modern China. He has a profound study of Western classical philosophy, especially Hegel's philosophy. He is a pioneer in Chinese philosophical circles who specializes in Western classical philosophy. He has written studies on Hegel's ethics, Hegel and religion, and St. Louis' philosophical movement. His works have promoted the understanding and research of Hegel's theory in Chinese philosophical circles. Another Zhang Yi in history is the 17th Taoist Tianshi Zhang
Personal life
Zhang Yi (1887-1969), a native of Xuyong County, Sichuan Province, is also known as Weizhi. a scholar and professor of Chinese modern studies of G.W.F. Hegel's philosophy. Zhang Yi's former residence is in group 1 of Fenghuang village, Maling Town, Xuyong County, Sichuan Province (formerly group 3 of Yu's family). His hometown is very poor, and now there is no road.
Learning experience
In 1907, Zhang Yi joined the alliance under the influence of his teachers in Yongning middle school, and later graduated from Sichuan University. During this period, he and Xie Zhi, Xiong Kewu and others formed the "Yixin society" and became the core of the alliance. In 1911, he devoted himself to the patriotic struggle of protecting roads in Sichuan. After the revolution of 1911, he served as the Secretary of the military government of Sichuan and the office of the director of civil affairs of Sichuan Province.
Study abroad experience
In 1913, he went to the United States to join the University of Michigan and received his Bachelor of Arts, master of education and doctor of philosophy. In 1919, he joined Oxford University in England and got his Ph.D. degree. He was the first person to get his Ph.D. degree from Oxford University in China. In 1921, he went to Germany to study Kant's philosophy and Hegel's philosophy at Erlangen University. Later, he went to France and Italy to study. He was a member of the Royal Society of England.
work experience
In 1924, he returned to China and became a professor of philosophy at Peking University. In 1926, he was appointed Vice President of Xiamen University by Tan Kah kee. In 1929, he returned to Peking University as the director of the Department of philosophy. Later, he became a distinguished professor on the board of directors of the Chinese culture and education foundation. In 1935, he visited the United States again for one year. After returning to China in 1936, he became a professor and Dean of the school of liberal arts of Sichuan University, and acting president in June 1937. In 1939, he was a professor of Wuhan University who moved to Leshan, Sichuan Province during the Anti Japanese war. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he returned to Peking University as a professor. He returned to Sichuan at the end of 1948. After liberation, he was a member of the Sichuan Provincial Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and a researcher of the Museum of culture and history. In 1957, he returned to Peking University to teach, guide postgraduates and serve as a member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference.
Personal thoughts
He has a profound study of Western classical philosophy, especially Hegel's philosophy. He is a pioneer in Chinese philosophical circles who specializes in Western classical philosophy. He has written studies on Hegel's ethics, Hegel and religion, and St. Louis' philosophical movement. His works have promoted the understanding and research of Hegel's theory in Chinese philosophical circles.
China's first Oxford doctor in 1913, Zhang Yi, a gifted scholar from central Sichuan, went abroad to study philosophy. Ten years later, when he returned home, he became the "Oriental Hegel" in the eyes of European and American scholars. He has taught in Peking University and Xiamen University, and has written many philosophical works. In 1936, Zhang Yi, who wanted to serve his hometown, returned to Chengdu and worked in Sichuan University. His arrival has made Sichuan University "a gathering of celebrities and scholars.". On August 11, 1887, Zhang Yi was born in a poor peasant family in Maling Town, Xuyong County, Sichuan Province. As a child, Zhang Yi was weak and sick. He was a quiet child. Although he had several brothers and sisters, he didn't like to play with them. From the age of 6, he began to read books under his father's Professor, and he always remembered them. My father can understand it with a little interpretation. When Zhang Yi was 13 years old, his beloved father died. When his father was dying, he told Zhang Yi's elder brothers to support him in his studies, saying that he was very talented and could not delay his future. Zhang Yi once took part in a children's examination, but he didn't succeed in it, so he gradually got tired of the imperial examination. At this time, Zhang Yi's hometown failed for many years, but the local bureaucrats and local tyrants were bullying others and taking advantage of them. This made Zhang Yi extremely resentful and germinated his ambition of learning new knowledge and pursuing democracy and freedom. But when he went to Luzhou to apply for the South Sichuan Normal University, he was not admitted, so he had to study in a private school. Zhang Yi was not satisfied with what he had learned in the private school. He wanted to find opportunities to learn new ideas.
Join the League
In 1905, the Qing Dynasty began to abolish the imperial examination, Daxing school. Shortly after that, Zhang Yi happily went to Yongning middle school. It's a new school with new buildings and lots of books and scientific instruments. Yang Cangbai, Xiang Xianqiao and other university students also teach in the University. New learning is very popular here. Many teachers are League members and advocates of new ideas. They often introduce revolutionary books and periodicals such as journal of national quintessence, revolutionary army and people's daily to students, explain the domestic situation, and encourage students to study abroad. After entering the school, Zhang Yi was deeply influenced by the revolutionary thought. In 1907, introduced by Yang Cangbai, he joined the alliance with his classmates Yang boqian, Huang Falcon Gao, Tao Zichen, Liu Yinchu, Xu Yifu and Jiang Jingfu, and became friends of life and death, known as "seven gentlemen of Yongning". In the same year, Yang Wei returned from Japan. Xiong Kewu, Huang Fang, Yang Zhaorong and Huang Fusheng also went to Yongning to plan an uprising with the "seven gentlemen of Yongning". For a time, members of the alliance gathered, and Yongning middle school became the local revolutionary headquarters. But in the following days, the revolts planned by the revolutionaries all over Sichuan failed. Zhang Yi had to come to Chengdu with a few friends. In 1908, Zhang Yi was admitted to Sichuan University. His tuition was also raised with the help of his friends. During his stay in Chengdu, Zhang Yi got to know many members of the alliance and organized revolutionary groups with these like-minded people. Soon after, the Qing government issued the order that the right of way and the share capital of Sichuan Han railway should be owned by the state, which aroused the anger of the people in Sichuan and started the movement of protecting the railway. At this time, the revolutionaries were ready to turn the road protection movement into a revolutionary movement and overthrow the rule of the Qing Dynasty. Zhang Yi and his comrades printed the revolutionary proclamation and distributed it everywhere in the leaflets of Jiabao Road, which attracted the attention of governor Zhao Erfeng. So Zhao Erfeng arrested Zhang Lan and other "leaders", which aroused the anger of Chengdu people. As soon as the incident happened, more than a dozen revolutionaries, including Zhang Yi, held a meeting at the four holy temples to discuss countermeasures in secret. At the meeting, Zhang Yi proposed that Chengdu was extremely well guarded and its revolutionary forces were weak. It was necessary to go to other counties to launch an uprising and take Chongqing as the center in order to do something. The public agreed. As a result, Zhang Yi and others left Chengdu and ran around. After many hardships, Zhang Yi went to Renshou, Qingshen, Jingyan, Rongxian, Zigong and other places to talk with local alliance members, and then came to Chongqing.
Motivation of studying abroad
In 1911, Chongqing announced the uprising and established the Shu military government. Zhang Yi served as the confidential secretary of the governor's office, and later acted as the head of the bomb regiment. After the merger of the Chengdu Chongqing military government, Zhang Yi came to Chengdu as the confidential secretary of the Civil Affairs Office. His daily job was to write some telegrams. Such a life, let Zhang Yi feel dull, he wants to study abroad.
Hegel of the East
In 1913, Zhang Yi was admitted to Sichuan Province to study abroad at public expense, and finally achieved his wish. In the same year, Zhang Yi went back to his hometown to visit his relatives and then took a boat to the United States to study at the University of Michigan. He was determined to study abroad for ten years, and only after he had accomplished his studies did he return home. Zhang Yi thought, "why do western countries become rich and powerful? Apart from scientific development, their social thoughts must be different from China." so he decided to study philosophy. Since then, Zhang Yi studied logic, history of philosophy, political philosophy, etc. in early 1917, he graduated and transferred to graduate school, and got a bachelor's degree. From then on to 1919, Zhang Yi's academic performance was excellent, and he was praised by the president and department head many times in public, so "Zhang Yi, a Chinese student abroad, was famous.". He got his master's degree in the spring of 1918. In the summer of the same year, he negotiated with Professor Wenley and wrote a dissertation on the ethics, politics, economy, law and society of Hegel's philosophy. He finished it in the summer of 1919. After the examination, he got his doctor's degree with excellent results. in China at this time, a large number of scholars had already returned to China. At that time, Peking University wanted to invite Zhang Yi back to teach. Many of Zhang Yi's old friends in Sichuan also urged him to return home. However, at this time, Zhang Yizheng was immersed in philosophical research and had a strong interest. He did not want to rush back to China. In September 1919, Zhang Yi transferred to Oxford University to continue his studies. He studied Hegel's philosophy as an advanced student. At Oxford University at that time, Zhang Yi was the only Chinese student. He was studying alone in a foreign land. Zhang Yi was a little lonely. Fortunately, he has a good relationship with Professor Smith. He not only patiently explains difficult problems to him, but also cares about his daily life. And there are many professors who often invite him to tea, dinner or go out for a walk. Zhang Yi also took advantage of these opportunities to put forward his own academic problems. However, the official fees for studying abroad in Sichuan have not been sent for a long time. With the help of friends and professors, Zhang Yi's life is still difficult. In 1921, Zhang Yi heard that the cost of living in Germany was relatively low, so he transferred to the research class of Erlang University in Germany. After arriving, Zhang Yi began to study German hard in order to study Kant and Hegel's philosophy. Here, he often communicated with philosophers from all over the world and benefited a lot. In the spring of 1923, Zhang Yi wrote his research on Heidegger's Ethics (English version), which was sent back to Oxford University for examination as a graduation thesis and won a doctor of philosophy degree from Oxford University. he is the first Chinese to obtain a doctorate from Oxford University, and he has obtained a doctorate for the second time, which is very rare in philosophy. In his book, Zhang Yi made a great contribution to Hegel's philosophy
Chinese PinYin : Zhang Yi
Zhang Yi
