Shen Li

Shen Li

Shen Li (from April 11, 1531 to July 11, 1615), whose name is Zhonghua, is Longjiang and qianzhai. He was born in Yucheng, guide Prefecture, Henan Province (now Yucheng, Henan Province). He was a minister and Neo Confucianist of the Ming Dynasty.

In the 44th year of emperor Shizong's Jiajing reign in the Ming Dynasty (1565), he was awarded the Imperial Academy. During the reign of emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty, Zuo zenshan, a minister of the Ministry of official affairs, was introduced to recommend sages. Wanli 12 years (1584) worship the Ministry of rites Shangshu, repair "Jingdi Shilu.". Wanli 29 years (1601), baidongge bachelor. In addition, he added Shaobao and became a Bachelor of wenyuange. He became an official in 1606.

In 1615, Shen Li died in his hometown Shangqiu at the age of 85. He was granted the title of grand master and his posthumous title was Wenduan. Ming Shenzong was very sad. He wrote four sacrificial articles, praising him as "heaven and earth upright, Yiluo true Confucian".

Life of the characters

Shen Li was born in Yucheng, guide Prefecture, Henan Province on March 24, 1531. In Jiajing years, Shen Li won the local examination. Shi shangzhao rebelled, captured guide mansion, and soon fled to the West. Shen Li thinks that the thieves will come again, so he tells the garrison minister to kill those who collude with the thieves in the city and defend them strictly. The thieves returned and approached the city. Seeing that they were on guard, they left.

In the 44th year of Jiajing period (1565), Shen Li passed the imperial examination and was transferred to the title of "Shu Ji Shi". Although Gao Gong, a bachelor, was his chief examiner and fellow countryman, Shen Li never visited him because of private affairs.

When Shenzong of Ming Dynasty was in the East Palace, Shen Li was the lecturer. Shenzong once instructed the lecturers to write on the fan. Shen Li wrote Wei bianlan's "Ode to the Prince" into Feng, so Shenzong asked him to explain the righteousness, Shen Li said very well. God praised him, and he was beloved. When Shenzong ascended the throne, he was promoted to editor because of the favor of being an aide in the east palace. Soon he was promoted to Zuo zanshan. Every time he taught directly, he behaved in a dignified and elegant manner, and what he said was only in line with the emperor's mind. The emperor highly praised him. When his parents died one after another, the emperor asked Shen where he was and whether his mourning period had expired, and ordered him to take up the post of lecturer first.

In 1581, Shen Li returned to the imperial court.

In the autumn of the 10th year of Wanli (1582), he was promoted to be a Bachelor of science and a right servant of the Ministry of rites. Soon after, he was promoted to the post of official minister. Shen Li cut off personal contacts and preferred to recommend virtuous people without being known. In the winter of 1584, he was appointed Minister of rites. When Shen Li was an imperial official at first, Huang Jin, the eunuch, refused to accept gifts from his fellow countrymen. He taught in neishutang and served at the Sutra banquet. He had many contacts with the eunuchs, but had no contact with them. When Shen Li's official rank was higher, he did not need to rely on their power. Even if the emperor's orders and the government's intentions, he would not easily comply.

Shen Li has always been upright and bright. He presided over the ceremony in the Ministry of rites and had many suggestions. Considering the extravagance of the time and customs, we studied the ceremony system of the early Dynasty, determined the standards of funeral, crown wedding, palace, utensils and clothes, and promulgated them all over the country. Worried about the drought, Shenzong walked to the altars in the suburbs to pray and talked about sending ministers to famous mountains and rivers in the country to pray. Shen Li admonished the envoys to go to and fro disturbing places, which might add to the burden of the common people. He asked the emperor to fast for three days, and gave Taichang a message to take charge of the matter. He dismissed the prayer of the temple, and Shenzong agreed to his memorial. At first, when the vassal government had something to ask for, they bribed the powerful eunuchs as internal aid. The Minister of rites did not dare to disobey them and always satisfied their ideas. When Shen Li came to power, he was eliminated. The powerful eunuchs were very resentful and used the trouble to provoke the emperor many times. Gradually, the emperor could not help suspecting Shen Li. He repeatedly questioned Shen Li and deprived him of his salary. Shen Li had the idea of dismissal. Moreover, Shen Shixing hated Shen Li for not adhering to himself and hated him. Shen Li will not give in to anything. Depressed by Shen, his ambition can not be fully realized. At this time, Shen Guanyi was criticized many times and shut down because of his illness, so Shen Li was able to deal with Cabinet Affairs. Wu Bian of Yunnan killed tax envoy Yang Rong. The emperor was very angry and prepared to send officials to arrest and punish them. Shen Li made a detailed statement of Yang Rong's crime and asked to kill the person who took the lead in killing Yang Rong, while forgiving others. As a result, there was no widespread arrest. At that time, although Shen Guanyi said that he was sick and closed at home, most of the memorials were sent to his home for him to write. Shen Li tried to state that there was no precedent.

Shen Li has a grudge with Shen Guanyi. Shen Guanyi is about to leave his job. He worries about Shen Li's job and leaves a worry for himself. He wants to leave the cabinet with Shen Li, and secretly makes him leave. Shenzong also dislikes Shen Li's integrity. Taking advantage of Shen Li's request for retirement, he orders him to retire with Shen Guanyi. Zhu Geng asked Shen Li to stay, but he didn't reply. After arriving at home, Shen Li wrote a letter of thanks, still trying to state the disadvantages of slack government.

Shen Li was 80 years old in 1610, the 38th year of Emperor Wanli's reign. The emperor sent officials to visit and offer him silver. Shen Li wrote a letter of thanks and stated the political priorities at that time.

On June 16, 1615, Shen Li died in his hometown Shangqiu at the age of 85. He was granted the title of grand master and his posthumous title was Wenduan. Ming Shenzong was very sad. In the sacrifice, he was praised as "heaven and earth are upright, Yiluo is a true Confucian."

Character evaluation

Wang Shizhen: Shi Zhen repeated his writings three times, sighed at the profundity of his classics, and talked about Zhengda. He was a great man of the real generation.

Political initiatives

awe-inspiring righteousness

Shen Li's life is just like that of Fang Zhenggang. In order to please Zhang Juzheng, Manchu officials set up altars to pray for him, but Shen Li did not go alone. Emperor Wanli was fond of treasures. He once bought 20 million taels of silver for a pearl. The courtiers donated salaries to Wanli one after another, and they were proud of themselves. But Shen Li said, "I only know how to raise modesty, but I don't know what I want to meet you." Those who hear of it are all ashamed. Some people play on it. Kylin is produced in Guangshan. Wanli is very happy to hear it. They want to take it and watch it. Shen Li said: "what is a little thing that the Lord likes, and it becomes a big thing to spread it out. As soon as it enters the market, all sorts of strange things will be presented to the public one after another. It's a waste of money and a source of complaints. Isn't it harmful to Shengde? " Wanli had to give up. In addition, the king of Qin asked his younger brother to be a general, imperial concubine Zheng to be a father, and Wanli to be imperial concubine Zheng.

Harnessing the Yellow River

During the Wanli period, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River burst and flooded many times. Shen Li asked for help from the people and built two levees.

According to Liu Zhen's records in guide Fu Zhi, "the worst flood in Zhongzhou is the Yellow River. Every autumn and summer, when the water comes out, the city disappears and the people settle down." Shen Li asked for the people's orders, played the emperor, and successively built two levees. The road starts from Xingcheng in the West and ends at Hongzi Lake in the East, with a total length of 400 km. In the south, from the north of guide ancient city to the southeast, through Huiting post (this summer's yihuiting) to Caojiawa in Yongcheng City, it is 90km long and later called "Shendi". As a result of the construction of these two levees, "Henan Province, counties and prefectures were not allowed to rush.".

Representative works

Shen Li has written yiyutang manuscript, Wenya sheyue, Nangong Cao, etc., all of which are in parallel with Siku Zongmu. Shen Li was a famous statesman and Neo Confucianist in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. He is upright and upright, and strives to walk the ancient road. Li Jiajing, Longqing, Wanli three dynasties, known as the "three generations of imperial division", the world known as "Shen Ge Lao", "Gui De Gong". There are also "Yi Yu Tang manuscript", "Wen Ya she Yue" and so on.

Documentation

[behind Shen guide] the Qing festival of Shen Longjiang's prime minister is rare in modern times. There are no concubines or concubines in his family. After Xie Zheng, both his wife and his wife will be very young. His wife still uses menstrual regulating drugs because she has no blood. His daughter is especially envious, and Shen Jizi is poisoned, so he doesn't know anyone. His husband is dying to see him. He can't stop him, but he hates him. His daughter would like to inherit the property from his son, but the clan would not allow him to. His stepson died, and all the shade he got was from the group. He was worshipped by the officials, and the main body was Dan Lu, Su Wei and Mo Shi. After hearing that the coffin is still in the hall, I still feel empty and lost. The first dynasty Qi De, once for Ruo Ao's ghost, hear the compassion silent, return to virtue in the matter, by its knowledge of many, there must be agents of its home.

Character story

After 400 years of vicissitudes, Shangqiu people's good memory of Shen Li's "heaven and earth are upright, Yiluo is a true Confucian" has not changed, but has become increasingly strong. After a long time, the reporter got a lot of legends and stories about Shen Li scattered among the people, such as Shen Di, naolong street, Wuliang temple, Ge Lao temple, Shen Li selling pots, and so on.

Shangqiu, Shen Li's hometown, was called guide mansion in Ming Dynasty, so people respected Shen Li as "Shen guide". After returning home, Shen Li established a private school in his hometown. In 1615, the 43rd year of Wanli, Shen Li, who was 85 years old, died of illness. Emperor Wanli, the supreme ruler, was very sad when he heard the news. He gave the crown prince and his master a posthumous title, Wenduan, to offer sacrifices and burial. He successively sent the head of Henan's chief envoy's hall to offer six memorial ceremonies in the first seven, thirty-seven, seventy-seven, hundred days, anniversary and three years. The memorial ceremony praised Shen Li's "righteousness in heaven and earth, true Confucianism in Yiluo" for many times, and wrote two plaques of "censure Chen Shan" and "Xiao De Shichen" in person. In addition, Shen Du, the father of Shen Li, Shen Han, and Shen Zhong, the great grandfather of Shen Li, were successively presented as Zhu guoguanglu's doctor, Shaobao and Taizi's Taibao, the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs, and wenyuange's bachelor. It is rare in Chinese history that the emperor of Wanli, who has always been a "game politics", expressed his gratitude to his teacher Shen Li like a father.

Shen Li paid homage to the Minister of rites in the winter of the 12th year of Wanli. He went to China and refused to make personal contact, and strongly recommended the virtuous. When a good thing is done, it is not made public.

In the imperial court, Shen Li, like Zhang Juzheng, the first assistant, had only the revitalization and safety of the Ming Dynasty in mind,

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