Zhou Shidi

Zhou Shidi

Zhou Shidi (1900.9.9-1979.6.30) was a member of Guangdong Music Association (now Qionghai, Hainan). He joined the Communist Party of China in December 1924. During his revolutionary career, he successively served as the commander of the 1st Battalion, chief of staff, acting chief and head of the independent regiment of the 4th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, division commander of the 25th division, chief of staff of the 120th division of the 8th Route Army, chief of staff of the Northwest Shanxi military region, commander and political commissar of the North Shanxi field army, deputy commander and political commissar of the 1st corps of the North China military region, commander and political commissar of the 18th corps, and deputy commander of the Southwest Military Region, Commander of the air defense forces of the people's Liberation Army. He took part in the northern expedition, Nanchang Uprising, Long March and hundred regiments war, commanded the northern Shanxi campaign, assisted Xu Qianqian in commanding the Jinzhong campaign and Taiyuan campaign, took part in commanding the fufu campaign and the Qinling campaign, successively liberated more than 40 counties including Hanzhong, Guangyuan, jiangge, Jiangyou and Mianyang, and took part in commanding the air defense operations in the war of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea. He was awarded the rank of general in 1955. He died in Beijing on June 30, 1979 at the age of 79.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Zhou Shidi was born in Xinchang village of Yuehui, Hainan Island, Guangdong Province, on September 9, 1900. When he was 7 years old, he studied in private school, and later entered Lehui County higher primary school and QiongYa middle school. In the May 4th movement, he was selected as the director of QiongYa Student Union and actively participated in the patriotic student movement. In the ninth year of the Republic of China (1920), Zhou Shidi worked as a teacher in the Second District of the county. In 1922, Zhou Shidi went to Guangzhou to participate in the QiongYa review agency, a peripheral organization of the Communist Party of China.

During the Great Revolution

In May 1924, Zhou Shidi was admitted to the first phase of Huangpu Military Academy. After graduation, he participated in the formation of Sun Yat Sen's "armored motorcade of Jianguo army and Navy Grand Marshal mansion". He joined the Communist Party of China in December of the same year. Since February 1925, Zhou Shidi has been the vice captain and captain of the Tiejia motorcade. He led the motorcade to support the Guangning peasant movement, pacify the rebellion of the commercial groups and warlords, defend the revolutionary government of Guangdong and aid the strike in Guangdong and Hong Kong. He showed a brave and tenacious fighting spirit and was highly praised by the CPC Guangdong and Guangxi district committees. In November 1925, he served as the first battalion commander of the fourth independent regiment of the National Revolutionary Army (yeting independent regiment) based on the armored motorcade. In April 1926, Zhou Shidi was the chief of staff of the independent commission. In May, he entered Hunan with the Ministry as an advance team of the northern expedition. In June, he helped Ye Ting win the first battle in Anren, stabilizing the war situation in southern Hunan and opening up a way for the main force of the northern expedition. In August, he took part in commanding the tingsiqiao campaign and heshengqiao campaign, and later led his troops to attack Wuchang City. Because the Institute dares to fight hard and has repeatedly made great achievements, it is known as the "Iron Army". Since October, he has been acting head of the independent regiment (later renamed the 73rd regiment of the 25th division of the National Revolutionary Army). In April 1927, Zhou Shidi led his troops to participate in the second Northern Expedition held by Wuhan National Government. Later moved to Jiangxi Jiujiang Ma Huiling.

Agrarian Revolution

On August 1, 1927, Zhou Shidi took part in the Nanchang Uprising and became the commander of the 25th division. After the defeat of the uprising troops in Guangdong, they traveled to Hong Kong, Nanjing, Shanghai, Xi'an, Fujian and other places. They participated in the Chinese Kuomintang provisional Action Committee led by Deng Yanda and the Huangpu revolutionary classmates' Association, and participated in planning the overthrow of Chiang Kai Shek. In the summer of 1931, Zhou Shidi was arrested and released after the rescue of Song Qingling. In January 1932, after the outbreak of the Anti Japanese war in Shanghai, Zhou Shidi was the captain of the Shanghai Anti Japanese volunteer army. In 1933, after the Fujian incident, Zhou Shidi went to CAI tingkai's 19th Route Army to take part in anti Chiang activities and served as the chief of staff and head of the 49th division. At the end of the same year, he went to Ruijin, Jiangxi Province, the capital of the Central Soviet Area, as a military instructor of the Red Army University. In October 1934, Zhou Shidi took part in the Long March, and successively served as the commander and leader of the command section of the superior cadre team of the Military Commission cadre regiment. After arriving in Northern Shaanxi, he served as chief of staff of the 15th Red Army Corps and participated in the Zhiluo town campaign and the eastern expedition campaign. In December 1936, Zhou Shidi was appointed chief of staff of the second front army of the Red Army.

Counter-Japanese War

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, Zhou Shidi was the chief of staff of the 120th division of the Eighth Route Army. He went to the northwest of Shanxi with his troops to carry out guerrilla warfare in the area of Yanmenguan and create an anti Japanese base in Northwest Shanxi. In 1939, Zhou Shidi transferred to Jizhong and took part in commanding the battles of Qihui, Chenzhuang and Huangtuling. In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), Zhou Shidi took part in the hundred regiment war, and in November he concurrently served as the chief of staff of the Northwest Shanxi military region (later changed to the Shanxi Suiyuan military region). In 1941, Zhou Shidi was also the president of the 7th branch of the Anti Japanese university. In January 1942, after he long and Guan Xiangying went to Yan'an, Zhou Shidi presided over the work of the military region, took part in directing the spring anti "mopping up", and won the battle of Tian Jiahui. In August 1943, Zhou Shidi was appointed deputy commander of the Jin Sui military region and led his troops to smash the Japanese "mopping up" in autumn. In June 1944, Zhou Shidi returned to Yan'an for recuperation due to illness.

War of Liberation

In the early days of the liberation war, Zhou Shidi was concurrently commander and political commissar of the northern Shanxi field army, commanding the northern Shanxi campaign. In May 1948, Zhou Shidi was appointed deputy commander and deputy political commissar of the 1st corps of the North China Field Army to assist Xu Qianqian in commanding the Jinzhong and Taiyuan campaigns. In May 1949, Zhou Shidi was appointed commander and political commissar of the 18th Corps. He led the army to march to the northwest and took part in the command of the Fuhe campaign and the Qinling campaign. In November, the main force of BINGTUAN marched into the southwest in three ways, successively liberating more than 40 counties, including Hanzhong, Guangyuan, Jiangyou and Mianyang.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China

In February 1950, he was a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and a member of the Southwest Military Bureau. In October of the same year, he was ordered to set up the air defense force of the Chinese people's Liberation Army. As commander, he personally went to the northeast region and the Korean battlefield to conduct on-the-spot investigation, and took part in commanding the air defense operations in the war of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea. In 1955, Zhou Shidi was appointed Vice Minister of training director department and Minister of military foreign training department. In 1978, Zhou Shidi served as a consultant to the general staff. On June 30, 1979, Zhou Shidi died of illness in Beijing at the age of 79.

Main achievements

Shenzhen Jiuwei

In June 1925, Zhou Shidi led the armored motorcade in Shenzhen to fight against Chen Jiongming, who was ten times as much as himself. Zhou Shidi was injured in seven places. He still led the team to fight and walk, and finally broke through the siege. After returning to Guangzhou, the people spontaneously organized grand consolation activities. Mao Zedong spoke highly of the heroic fighting spirit of the "armored motorcade" when he was lecturing at the Guangzhou Peasant Movement Institute.

Pioneer of the Northern Expedition

In May 1926, Zhou Shidi led the first battalion of the independent regiment of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army (yeting independent regiment) as the vanguard of the northern expedition. He flew to Pingjiang, raided Tingsi bridge, captured Hesheng bridge and fought fiercely against Wuchang City. On October 10, 1926, with the spirit of fighting to the death, Zhou Shidi commanded the independent regiment to make a breakthrough in Tongxiang gate by erecting a ladder. They first occupied Sheshan and forced the Wuchang garrison to stop resisting. 30000 garrisons surrendered. The independent regiment only sacrificed 191 officers and soldiers.

Nanchang Uprising

Before the Nanchang Uprising, the 73rd regiment of the 25th division of the National Revolutionary Army, headed by Zhou Shidi, was stationed in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province. During the Nanchang Uprising, the 25th division of the National Revolutionary Army participated in the uprising with all the 73 regiments, three battalions of the 75 regiments, and the heavy machine gun company of the 74 regiment. On August 1, 1927, when Zhou Shidi led the 73rd regiment to the north of De'an railway station, Zhang Fakui, commander of the Fourth Army, Li hanhun, commander of the 25th division, and other guard battalions came after them by train and were severely shot by the 73rd regiment. Zhang Fakui, Li hanhun and others jumped out of the car and fled. All the guards' battalions were handed over their guns by the 73rd regiment of Zhou Shi. Some soldiers and some junior officers joined the uprising army.

Anti Japanese war in North China

In the middle of October 1937, the 716th regiment of the 120th division of the Eighth Route Army ambushed the Japanese army twice at Yanmenguan and annihilated more than 500 of them. In the battle, Zhou Shidi led a cavalry company to attack Ningwu county and annihilate a Japanese army. From October 18 to 21, Zhou Shidi assisted Zhang zongxun brigade and Chen Bojun brigade of Helong and guanxiangying command post to carry out flexible guerrilla tactics such as attack and ambush behind enemy lines. He carried out more than 20 successive battles against shangguangwu, Yanmenguan and Yangmingbao, the rear supply line from Datong to Xinkou, totally annihilated more than 1200 Japanese troops, destroyed dozens of cars, and reduced the daily rations for attacking Xinkou The supply of ammunition and oil was on the verge of being cut off, effectively cooperating with the operations on the frontal battlefield. Since February 1938, Zhou Shidi assisted he long and Guan Xiangying in commanding the 120th division to cut off the north section of Tongpu road in order to cooperate with the friendly forces to counter attack Taiyuan. After more than 10 days of fierce fighting in Xinkou and Dongshe areas, they conquered seven strongholds, including Pingshe, Mahui and Guancheng, and annihilated more than 800 Japanese troops. Then, from March 7 to April 1, they smashed the five routes of Japanese siege on Northwest Shanxi, annihilated more than 1500 people, and recovered seven counties, including Kelan, Wuzhai, Baode, Hequ and Ningwu.

Liberate Taiyuan

During the campaign of liberation of Taiyuan, Zhou Shidi took full military command of Taiyuan front line during Xu Qianqian's serious illness. On April 20, 1949, Zhou Shidi commanded the front line department

Chinese PinYin : Zhou Shi Di