Concubine

Concubine

Liangfei (1662-december 29, 1711) was named Shuangjie (transliterated from Manchu, spread in the green head card left by the Qing Dynasty). She is the daughter of Abu Nai. At first, he was the seventh leader of the third Shenling of Manchuria zhenghuang banner. Liangfei was the first empress who was born in the Qing Dynasty and was granted the title of imperial concubine.

He entered the palace in the first month of the fourteenth year of Kangxi (1675) and gave birth to Yinyi, the eighth son of the emperor, in February of the twentieth year of Kangxi (1681). Kangxi 28 years (1689) promoted to concubine, Kangxi 39 years (1700) in December line canonization ceremony, title for good. He was a concubine in the later Jin Dynasty. He died on November 20 in the 50th year of Kangxi at the age of 50. On February 17, the 52nd year of Emperor Kangxi, he was placed in the imperial palace of Emperor Kangxi.

Life of the characters

Born in 1662, Kangxi was eight years younger than Emperor Kangxi.

He entered the palace in the first month of the 14th year of Kangxi (1675), when he was 14 years old. There is a word in the sacrificial inscription of empress Tong Jia, who is filial piety and benevolence, that is, "if you want to become a virtuous woman, you will choose one who is beautiful in spirit and appearance as a concubine when she is in charge of the six palaces.". As a palace maid, liangfei was recommended by Emperor Kangxi or the Tong family who managed the six palaces.

On the 10th of February in the 20th year of Kangxi (1681), he gave birth to the eighth elder brother Yinyi. When he was young, he was raised by the first of the four imperial concubines, the Nala family and the imperial concubine Tong Jia family (empress xiaoyiren).

In March of the 35th year of Kangxi (1696), 15-year-old Yin was twice elected to join Emperor Kangxi in his expedition to gardan. In Huxing's princes, only eight elder brothers followed Emperor Kangxi's imperial camp.

In March of 1698, the 37th year of Kangxi reign, Yinyi was granted dorobelle, the youngest of the princes.

In December 1700, he was canonized as a good concubine for his gentle virtue and good manners. According to the Qing imperial family yudie in the 45th year of Kangxi, the written title of Wei's family is still Liang pin. The time of imperial concubine's official Jin Dynasty can be reduced to between the 46th year of Kangxi and the 50th year of Kangxi. According to the canonization records recorded in the records of emperor Shengzu of the Qing Dynasty, there was no canonization record of empresses from the 45th year to the 50th year of Kangxi. Therefore, we can basically judge that Wei was canonized as a concubine alone.

Kangxi 50 years (1711) died on November 20, at the age of 50, funeral etiquette with the empress Hsiao Chengren Sister Ping Fei hersheri. According to the notes on Kangxi's daily life, on December 19 of that year, Emperor Kangxi went to ningshou palace to say hello, and then went out of Chaoyang Gate from Donghua gate to lay a drink in front of the soul of his concubine.

On December 19, 1711, Emperor Kangxi personally presided over the sacrificial ceremony of the first full moon ceremony. (recorded in the living registration of Emperor Kangxi)

On February 17, 1713, the 52nd year of Kangxi reign, Feng an entered the imperial palace of jingling.

According to the records of the temple registration of Beiping special municipal government in 1936, the Anguo Temple (family temple), located at No. 8, Anguo Temple Street, Sanlihe, outer five districts of chongwai, was built in the Jiaqing period. It was a private building and was used to worship the goddess of Emperor Kangxi.

background

Family position

For various reasons, many people think that there is only one concubine in the Qing Dynasty who was born in xinzheku. This statement is wrong. First of all, we should understand what the symplectic library is: the symplectic library is internal management and management. It is mentioned many times in the code of the Qing Dynasty“

The inner tube collar is the symplectic one, and the symplectic one is the tube collar.

"

The huntuo and the huntuo are also known as the huntuo and the huntuo,

Huntuohe is a Manchu name of Xinzhe. Huntuohe means half assistant leader.

Xinzheku is a kind of dressing, which serves the royal family as well as the dressing collar. The imperial administrator was the official post of Qing Dynasty. He was a civil servant of five grades. His duty was to manage the xinzhiku and deal with the Royal logistics. The inner Guanling is the upper three banners xinzheku, and the prince also has his own government Guanling, which is the lower five banners xinzheku, serving the prince's residence. The status of xinzheku in the lower five banners was lower than that in the upper three banners. Some of them are criminal records, while most of them are normal coated records. The normal xinzheku people who are not guilty of crimes are those who have few family members and are organized into half a coat assistant collar, so they become xinzheku people (xinzheku is also called huntuohe, which means half a assistant collar). Most of the concubines who came from xinzheku were xinzheku.

It is worth mentioning that liangfei was the first empress who was born in xinzheku in Qing Dynasty.

According to the genealogy of jueercha in Yongling, jueercha is an ancient descendant of tachapen, the fifth son of Jingzu in Qing Dynasty. Originally belonging to Jueluo, a remote royal family in Qing Dynasty, jueercha was dismissed because of a dispute between his ancestor and Nuerhachi, the emperor of Qing Dynasty. According to the current official historical data, liangfei's family has lived in foala for generations. During the reign of Tiancong, they took refuge in coating and served as the head of the dining room and the head of the internal affairs. For example, gadachun, liangfei's brother, was the head of the internal affairs department.

Press《

General genealogy of Manchuria clan in eight banners

》According to the records of "Tiancong comes and goes" in the family of liangfei, it has already shown that liangfei's mother's family was incorporated into huntuohe (xinzheku) after she joined the Qing government in the early Qing Dynasty because of the lack of family members. Therefore, like the empresses who came from the coat assistant collar, xinzheku was also a normal way for the emperor to accept the empress.

In addition, many princes were also selected from xinzheku (for example, the Geng family of Yufei of Yongzheng was xinzheku of shangsanqi; the Bada family of bianfujin and the Chen family of shufujin of Yinyou, the seventh elder brother of Kangxi, were all from xinzheku.)

For other opinions on the clarification of xinzheku, please refer to Mr. Du Jiaji's research on xinzheku. It is clear that the vast majority of xinzheku people are not guilty, and can enter the court as officials. There are also many kinds of positions, such as xinzheku, who was born as a bachelor (such as bailing), the head of the internal affairs department (such as Laibao), Dutong (such as yuntu), Hangzhou weaving (such as sun Wencheng), cabinet bachelor and Minister of rites (such as Xu Yuanmeng, who was once infiltrated into xinzheku by Emperor Kangxi).

In the view of "Xiang Li is not allowed to be an official", Mr. Du Jiaji pointed out that he should refer to the xinzheku people who were punished and confiscated for their crimes, but not the xinzheku people who were normally included in the non criminal register (in the Kangxi Dynasty, xinzheku can also be an official. For example, the Wei family of Emperor Qianlong's imperial concubine was originally the assistant leader of the Han Army's flag in the early Qing Dynasty, and later was demoted to the xinzheku, but Wei Wuyi, the imperial concubine's grandfather, was Kang In the Xi Dynasty, he once held the posts of internal management leader and construction Secretary wailang. In the Yongzheng Dynasty, this right was abolished, and those who were sent to xinzheku were not allowed to take part in the imperial examination and be an official in order to punish them. In the Qianlong period, those who were sent to xinzheku were not allowed to take part in the imperial examination and be an official, so the scope of punishment was narrowed. See Du Jiaji's article for details).

As for the positions of the juechan family recorded in the Eight Banners Manchurian genealogy, there are such positions as the head of the dining room and the second-class bodyguard of the imperial front. Later, the brother of the liangfei was promoted to the position of Shengjing zuoling in the 52nd year of Kangxi, and Shengjing zuoling was the fourth grade official. The duties of the liangfei family are the same as those of many empresses who came from the Emperor Kangxi. For example, the families of Defei and minfei also hold the posts of dining room and bodyguard. The following is the record of juechan family:

Hu Zhu, a native of the Yellow Banner, lived in Allah, where he came and went when he was Tiancong. His son, who was once in charge of the Department, had a long forehead. Sun duerbo and Abu Nai were both the former directors of internal affairs, while TA bunai was the former head of dining room. His great grandson, lebury, was the former chief. Tahan and Alin were originally in charge. GAHA Chan was formerly the second-class bodyguard of the imperial court. Tao Ge, a former doctor. Zeng sun gadahun was formerly the head of the house of internal affairs. Diaowu was the former treasurer. Suozhu, the grandson of Yuan Dynasty, was the bodyguard of Lanling. Chang Ming and Tao Zhu were originally in charge. Asari, former head of the Department. Sihanna, the original pen style.

Let's take a look at the fact that there are many concubines in the Qing Dynasty who were born in charge

one

In the Kangxi Dynasty:

Liangfei, the Wei family, is the female of Abu Nai, the leader of the inner government, and the biological mother of eight elder brother Yinyi, the leader of the upper three banners.

Ding Fei, wanliuha's, tuoerbi's daughter, Kangxi's twenty-first son, the birth mother of twelve elder brother Yinyi, was in charge of the three banners.

two

Yongzheng Dynasty: (after the Yongzheng Dynasty, the status of coat assistant collar and coat tube collar increased)

Qian Fei, Liu's family, Liu Mannu, the sixth elder brother, and Hongluo's mother.

Yu Fei, the Geng family, is the daughter of the leader Geng Dejin and the mother of the fifth elder brother hongdaytime.

three

In the Qianlong Dynasty:

Empress Xiaoyi Chun (i.e. imperial concubine) is Wei Jia's family. She is the daughter of Wei Qingtai, the leader of the internal control, and the biological mother of Yongyan, Emperor Jiaqing. In the early Qing Dynasty, she was originally the assistant leader of the Han Army's flag. Later, she was demoted to xinzheku, the upper three banners. She was also a Han surname coated. In the 40th year of Qianlong, she was carried to Manchuria by Emperor Qianlong to set yellow flag.

Yi Pin, Huang's family, was Qianlong's Ge Ge in the palace of Prince Bao. He was also a governor. In the 13th year of Yongzheng reign, he was ordered by Qianlong to be incorporated into the dressing assistant leader.

Ruigui, sotchuo Roche, was also a leader.

four

In Jiaqing Dynasty:

Hou Jia, the concubine of China, was the daughter of Shangsi Yuanqing. She was decorated with yellow flag and coated with Xin zheku.

It can be seen that, like the empresses who came from Baoyi assistant collar, Baoyi Guanling is the normal way for the emperor to accept concubines. It is not the lowest origin in the Qing Dynasty, let alone the lowest in history. Its origin is not humble. Xinzheku was born to be a bachelor (such as bailing), a general manager of the interior (such as Laibao), a Dutong (such as yuntu), a Bachelor of the cabinet, a minister of rites (such as Xu Yuanmeng, who was once infiltrated into xinzheku by Emperor Kangxi), and so on.

Draft in Palace

According to the textual research in the article "maid class dominated by maids in the palace of the Qing Dynasty", the selection of maids in the palace of the Qing Dynasty was first decided by the government

Chinese PinYin : Liang Fei