Wen Peng

Wen Peng

Wenpeng (1498-1573), named Shoucheng, is a native of Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) in southern Zhili. Wen Zhengming's eldest son. In Ming Dynasty, the imperial examination was the first, and Xiushui was taught. Official to Nanjing Guozijian doctor, known as "Wen Guobo.". He is good at calligraphy and painting, good at poetry and prose, especially good at seal cutting.

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Life of the characters

Wen Peng was the son of Wen Zhengming, a painter in Ming Dynasty. He inherited his family's learning, first learned from Zhong (Yao) and Wang (Xizhi), then followed huaisu's example and became his own family. In his later years, he devoted all his efforts to sun Guoting, and his seal and Li characters were the most excellent. He once wrote nineteen volumes of ancient poems, and a copy of the river on the Qingming Festival in the thirtieth year of Jiajing (1551). You Jing seal cutting, style, and he Zhen and known as "Wen he.". I used to make a lot of dental seals. I would like to have them engraved by Nanjing Li quartz. Later, he got the light stone, which was engraved with many stone seals, and was regarded as the "founder" of the literati School of seals. The paintings handed down include the painting volume of orchid and bamboo in 1572, which was recorded in the collection of calligraphy and paintings of Jin, Tang, Five Dynasties, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The axis of orchid painting is now stored in the Palace Museum. In 1562, the 41st year of Jiajing period, he wrote the axis of "the painting of ink bamboo" with his own title: "I love Jiangnan. The sky is full of small flowers and the bamboo is beautiful. North Window self exhibition Nanhua read, sometimes cool breeze to pillow. Wen Peng wrote to send Mr. Fang Hu, renxu Duanyang day. " Now in Guangdong Provincial Museum. He is also able to write poetry and is the author of doctor's poetry collection.

He studied Zhong and Wang at first, followed huaisu later. In his later years, he studied court, especially Zhuan and Li. There are many people who ask for books. His father is contemporary with the title of the book, but sometimes he is not happy with the book, although the powerful and noble dare not be strong. Peng's hand kept waving, and all those who asked for it were right. They were engraved with jade laws. The multi tooth seal was often engraved by Li Wenfu, a native of Jinling. Li shandiao's edge is carved with exquisite flowers. Peng Yiyin is one of them, so it is easy to keep the style. Therefore, the tooth seal is half made by Li. When Peng Hou was in Nanjian, she got lamplight stone, but she didn't cure her teeth any more. Therefore, the name of froststone began to flourish in the world. Writing ink and bamboo, the old pen vertical and horizontal, straight into the room of Wen Tong. The landscape is as gloomy as Wuzhen. Also good at writing flowers and fruits. He died 76 years ago.

Artistic achievements

Wen Peng is accomplished in poetry, painting, calligraphy and seal cutting. He Zhen advocated that seal cutting must be proficient in the six books before it can be printed. The tooth seal he used was written by himself and was engraved by Nanjing Li Shijing. It is said that when I was in Nanjing, I occasionally got the light stone for carving jewelry, which was used to make printing materials. The seal Carver can carve it himself, which is convenient and satisfactory. From then on, the name of frozen stone was known to the world, and frozen stone was widely used by seal carvers, which provided conditions for the development of seal cutting in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Inheriting his father's collection of books and paintings, there is a collection office called "Qingbai hall", which collects ancient books and contemporary paintings of song and Yuan Dynasties. The collection is printed with "yuyangzi" and "qingbaitang". Di Wenjia also likes to collect books. There is a "return hall" in the library. The books are printed with "Wufeng mountain people", "Yuanzhu room" and "Wufeng woodcutter". Wen's collection was lost from the end of Wanli to Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty collectors such as Zhang Yiping and Zhang Jinwu had collected Wen's old collection, most of which were rare copies of Song Dynasty. son

Wen Yuanfa

His collection of books is printed with "the spirit of the two Chu states" and so on

Wen Zhenmeng

It was also printed with the names of "shijingtang" and "Liangri Pingzhang".

Achievements in calligraphy and painting

Wen Peng's cursive script is leisurely, methodical, well arranged, elegant, and his father Wen Zhengming and sun Guoting are both good at it. He is good at writing ink and bamboo, and has a long history of writing. Also work landscape, made like father wind, flowers and fruits are also good. Fine calligraphy, and he Zhen (the word Zhu Chen, Chang Qing, No. Xue Yu) and known as "Wen he.". The handed down works include Xiaokai Chibi Fu collected in Liaoning Museum, xingcao Wulu poem axis collected in the Palace Museum, Lishu youmeitang Ji and other 19 Li, Xing and caoshu works collected in Shanghai Museum, and Wen Peng is also good at painting, with few works.

Achievements of seal cutting

Wenpeng seal cutting is beautiful and elegant with beautiful and fresh style. His writing method of Zhu is sparse, which is changed on the basis of song and Yuan Dynasty's Zhu writing. The method of Zhuan is slightly square and simple. He's a different kind of person

Zhu Wen

The pure square fold structure may be influenced by the Han seal. Because he paid attention to the six characters, the seal language was not weird, and he could draw nourishment from the seals of the Qin and Han Dynasties, so his seals really changed the appearance of the seal industry at that time. Frozen stone is easy to engrave, and the edge of the seal can also be engraved by the author himself. His style was first written in regular script on the stone surface, and then carved with double knives according to the handwriting. Under the advocacy and influence of Wen Peng and he Zhen, seal cutting became popular for a time. Scholars, calligraphers and painters all participated in the creation of seal cutting. Wen Peng became the leader of the school of seal cutting. In Suzhou, there are Chen Wanyan, Li Liufang, GUI Changshi, Gu Ting and so on who study Wenpeng. Later generations call them Wu school.

Wen Peng's position in seal cutting is much higher than that in calligraphy. He is recognized as the founder of seal cutting in Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to historical records, the first person to use Qingtian stone for seal was Wen Peng, a doctor of the Imperial Academy of Ming Dynasty. When he was in Nanjing, he ran into an old man who sold Qingtian stone one day. He bought four baskets of stones and saw them at home. Under the light, the stones were crystal clear, which became an eye-catching seal. The best one was the translucent "light frozen stone", and the worse one was also at that time Laokeng ore in China. From then on, he used Qingtian stone instead of ivory. Therefore, the name of frozen stone first appeared in the world, and its name spread everywhere. In the history of seal art, Wen Peng is the originator. From then on, the literati gradually changed to the stone seal, self seal and self carving. Because of the wide use of stone seal, it plays a catalytic role in the development of seal cutting art. Zhu Jian, a famous seal Carver in Ming Dynasty, described: "since the three bridges, all the characters are from Si and Zhen, and the characters are from Qin and Han Dynasties, and Yi is prosperous!" It can be seen that Wen Peng plays an important role in the development history of seal cutting art of literati school. After Wen Peng, the study of printing developed greatly. For 400 years, it has influenced all over the world. Wen Peng is the eldest son of Wen Zhengming, one of the "four talents in the south of the Yangtze River" in Ming Dynasty. He has profound family knowledge and outstanding talent. He is accomplished in poetry, calligraphy, painting and seal cutting. He is respected as the founder of seal cutting art in China. Wenpeng's use of Qingtian stone as seal ended the Bronze Age of more than 2000 years in China, and entered the era of stone seal with scholars as the main body, personality as the characteristic, and famous scholars in large numbers. Due to the influence of Wen Peng and the superiority of stone seal, stone seal became popular among literati.

Wenpeng used frozen stone to carve, and created the seal border style, which changed the weakness of the Yuan Dynasty and restored the Han seal tradition. He and he Zhen proposed that seal cutting should be based on the six characters, and made great efforts to create practice, which made unprecedented achievements. They created a situation in which the literati cut their own seal and stood in opposition with calligraphy and painting, and the literati set off an upsurge of learning seal cutting. Many of them studied Wenpeng, and later generations called them "Wu School"; others studied he Zhen, and later generations called them "Hui school" or "Wan school".

His seal cutting is a connecting link between the preceding and the following. His works are characterized by ease, elegance, quietness and beauty. Bai Wen deliberately traces back to the Han Dynasty, while Zhu Wen takes the song and Yuan Dynasty's legacy to bring forth new ideas. Wen Peng also founded the first seal cutting school in Ming Dynasty -- Wumen school, or "Sanqiao school". The great masters of this school include Chen Wanyan, Li Liufang, GUI Changshi, etc. At that time, his seal cutting works did not have a seal, and the original works are rare in the world. During the Wanli period, Zhang Hao compiled the seal as the seal of chengqingguan, and collected 19 pieces of white seal engraved by Wen Peng, but the original stones of these seals have not been found so far. As a high status of both calligraphy and painting, the promotion and participation of seal cutting by Wen Peng is of great significance to the art of seal cutting in the initial stage. Wen Peng's outstanding contribution to seal cutting is beyond doubt. He initiated seal cutting in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which directly and indirectly influenced the formation and development of seal cutting schools in the future. However, in the past, we knew little about its art, which is a pity in the study of seal cutting history in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Through the research, the author clarifies the misunderstanding of Wen Peng in the past, and evaluates his position and contribution in the history of seal cutting.

Relative members

elder

peers

younger

Representative works

A man of noble character lives in poverty

Music, music and music

Forget yourself, forget yourself

Laugh at the work of the ancients

Rely on the south window for pride

Chinese PinYin : Wen Peng