King Ping of Zhou

Ji Yijiu

Zhou Pingwang Ji Yijiu? (720 BC), surnamed Ji, named Yijiu (yizuo Yijiu), is the son of King Youji of Zhou Dynasty, the empress of Shenhou (daughter of Shenhou), the first monarch of Eastern Zhou Dynasty. He was in power from 770 BC to 720 BC.

At the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Youwang of the Zhou Dynasty had no way and gave birth to a son, Bo Fu, after getting Baosi in the back palace. Soon afterwards, Shen Hou and Ji Yijiu were abolished, with Bao Si as the empress and Bofu as the prince. So Ji Yijiu fled to the state of Shen, and Shen Hou united with the state of ZA and dog Rong to attack the king of Zhou. Both the king of Zhou and the Duke of Zheng Huan were killed by dog Rong. Later, the states of Shen, Lu and Xu supported Ji Yijiu to succeed him. Ji Yijiu moved to the capital Luoyi in 770 B.C. in order to avoid the difficulties of dog soldiers. He was the king of Zhou Ping and was known as the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in history. "At the time of King Ping, Zhou's family declined, the princes were strong and weak, Qi, Chu, Qin and Jin were big, and the government was governed by Fang Bo". King Ping of Zhou spent 50 years in internal and external difficulties, and died in 720 BC.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Ji Yijiu, King Ping of Zhou Dynasty, whose surname is Ji and name is Yijiu, is the son of Ji Gongyu, king you of Zhou Dynasty. His mother was queen Shen, surnamed Jiang, the daughter of Shen Hou, the king of Shen state. During the reign of king you of Zhou, Ji Yijiu was made the crown prince.

Later, king you of Zhou favored his concubine Bao Si. In 775 B.C., the empress of the Zhou Dynasty was replaced by the prince of Youji. Ji Yijiu and his mother, Shen Hou, secretly fled to the kingdom of Shen and went to the Marquis of Shen.

Uphold the throne

In the 11th year of king you of Zhou (772 BC), marquis Shen was annoyed by the fact that king you of Zhou deposed his daughter Shen Hou and his grandson Ji Yijiu, so he united with the state of Zhu (Fangcheng, Henan Province) and Xiyi dog army to attack the capital of Western Zhou (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province). Soon after, Hourong captured Haojing, killed king you of Zhou under Lishan Mountain, captured Baosi, took all the property of Zhou Dynasty and left. Shen, Lu, Xu and other vassal states supported Ji Yijiu as king Ping of Zhou Dynasty.

The beginning of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty

In the first year of King Zhouping (770 BC), in order to avoid the invasion of dog soldiers, King Zhouping, escorted by the army of the state of Qin, moved the capital to Luoyi (now Luoyang, Henan Province). King Ping of Zhou appointed Duke Wu of Zheng as his official, and asked him to assist the royal family of Zhou with Marquis Wen of Jin. With the help of Duke Zheng Wu and Marquis Wen of Jin Dynasty, King Ping of Zhou barely supported the end of the game. The Zhou Dynasty after moving eastward is called the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in history. The year of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty is the beginning of the spring and Autumn period.

At the same time when King Ping of Zhou succeeded to the throne, the Duke of Guo Han of Zhou Dynasty established Yu Chen, the younger brother of king you of Zhou, as the son of heaven, which was known as the king of Zhou in history. In the 21st year of King Zhou Ping (750 BC), the Marquis Wen of Jin who supported King Zhou Ping attacked and killed King Zhou Dai, thus reunifying the Zhou Dynasty. To end the 20-year coexistence of the two kings of the Zhou Dynasty and stabilize the situation in the early years of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

The princes of Qin Dynasty

When King Ping of Zhou moved to the East, Qin Xianggong, the king of Qin, fought well and made great contributions when he attacked the Zhou Dynasty. He also sent troops to escort him to move the capital. So he promoted Qin Xianggong as a vassal and granted him the land to the west of Qishan (now Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province), which was occupied by Xirong. He said: "Xirong is vicious and ruthless, plundering our land of Qi and Feng, as long as the state of Qin can attack and drive Xirong away If the state of Qin captured these lands, they would be owned by the state of Qin. " He made an oath with Duke Xiang of Qin. Soon after, the state of Qin occupied the area west of Qishan, and the state of Qin began to develop.

Weakening of power

As a result of the loss of a large area of his native land, the Zhou Dynasty only had a corner in the northwest of Henan Province. It was only Xingyang in the East, Tongguan in the west, Rushui in the south, and the South Bank of Qinshui in the north. Therefore, the Zhou Dynasty declined greatly. Zheng, Jin, Qi, Lu, Yan, song, Chu and other big powers in order to fight for land, population and control of other vassal states, they constantly carried out merger wars, forming a chaotic situation of vassal hegemony. Chinese history has entered a turbulent period of great changes.

Sun Ji died

In the 51st year of King Ping of Zhou (720 BC), King Ping of Zhou passed away, and his posthumous title was king Ping. Ji Xiefu (Ji Xiefu), the prince of King Zhou Ping, died very early, so Ji Lin, the grandson of King Zhou Ping and the son of Ji Xiefu, succeeded him as king Huan of Zhou.

Political initiatives

During the reign of King Ping of Zhou, Zheng Wu Gong and Zheng Zhuang Gong were successively appointed as ministers of the Zhou royal family. Later, due to the strength of the state of Zheng, King Ping of Zhou was wary of Zheng zhuanggong, and did not want to be manipulated by the imperial government, so he took advantage of Zheng's many affairs. Zheng zhuanggong did not have the opportunity to take office. He wanted to remove his position as a minister, and secretly entrusted the imperial government to Guo Gong. When Zheng zhuanggong learned about it, he complained about King Ping of Zhou, and immediately rushed to Luoyi (now Luoyang, Henan Province) to exert pressure on King Ping of Zhou. The king of Zhou Ping made amends again and again, but Zheng zhuanggong still refused. King Ping of Zhou had no choice but to offer Prince Hu (Ji Hu) as a hostage to Zheng. However, this was too bad for the face of Emperor Zhou, so the officials proposed to exchange hostages with each other. The son of Duke Zhuang of Zheng suddenly came to Luoyi as a hostage, while Prince Hu went to the state of Zheng in the name of learning. It is known in history as the Jiaozhi of Zhou and Zheng. It can be seen from this historical fact that after King Ping of Zhou moved to the East, the power of the Zhou royal family had declined, and the king of Zhou was named the son of heaven, which actually depended on the faces of the great princes.

Historical evaluation

Zhou Tan's "three generations gate: King Ping" said: "when the dogs set up to kill the king in the west, why did the country die. Yijiudong is far away in the coming year. It is difficult to break off the stream and the source of information is long. "

Historical records

The fourth volume of zhoubenji in Shiji

member of family

parent

Father: the king of Zhou

Birth mother: Shenhou (daughter of Shenhou, the king of Shenguo)

Stepmother: Bao Si

brother

Ji Bofu (born to Bao Si, brother of King Ping of Zhou Dynasty)

Son

Eldest son: Ji Xie (Ji Xie, Ji Xie's father)

Second son: Ji Hu (Wang Zihu)

Young son: Ji Wu

Film and television image

In 1996, Shi Zhonghong played the role of King Ping of Zhou in the TV series the spring and Autumn Annals of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

Chinese PinYin : Zhou Ping Wang