Zhang zhirang

Zhang zhirang

Zhang zhirang (December 28, 1893 - April 26, 1978) is a famous jurist and legal educator in contemporary China. He is from Wujin County, Jiangsu Province. In his early years, he studied in Fudan University. Later, he studied in Columbia University. After returning to China, he served as chairman of Fudan University Council and professor of Peking University and Soochow University. Zhang zhirang was an ardent patriot and Democrat who took an active part in the great revolution against imperialism and feudalism. After the September 18th Incident in 1931, he took an active part in the Anti Japanese and national salvation activities and made an indomitable struggle to rescue the Patriots Shen Junru, Zou Taofen and other "seven gentlemen".

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Zhang zhirang served as the chairman of the Council of Fudan University, participated in the first plenary session of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, was elected as a deputy to the first, second, third and fourth National People's Congress, held many leading positions of the National People's Congress and the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, and served as vice president of the Supreme People's court and Chinese society of politics and law Vice president, etc.

Character experience

Experience before the founding of the people's Republic of China

Zhang zhirang was born in Wujin on December 28, 1893, and lived in zhenhetang, Qingguo lane. In 1915, Zhang zhirang graduated from Fudan University, then studied law at the University of California, Columbia University and Berlin University. After returning to China in 1921, he served as professor of Peking University and Shanghai Soochow University, and Dean of Fudan University Law School. In 1926, during the northern expedition of the National Revolutionary Army, he was introduced by his younger brother Zhang Tailei to work in the Supreme Court of Wuhan National Government. Under the guidance and Inspiration of Zhang Tailei, he got to know the Communist Party of China and actively worked for the party. In 1931, after the September 18th Incident, Zhang zhirang took an active part in the Anti Japanese and national salvation movement. In 1936, in order to rescue the Patriot Shen Junru and other "seven gentlemen", he served as a defense lawyer and fought tit for tat with the Kuomintang authorities. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he supported Chairman Mao Zedong and the Communist Party of China's proposal for the establishment of a democratic coalition government, opposed the dictatorship of the Kuomintang, enthusiastically supported the student movement in the Kuomintang ruled areas, and actively rescued the progressives and underground workers of the Communist Party who were persecuted by the Kuomintang. Zhang zhirang returned to Shanghai and remained Dean of Fudan University Law School. He initiated and organized the "democratic professors' Association of Shanghai Universities", uniting nearly 100 professors and being elected chairman. During the war of liberation, the "great education Federation" issued many manifestos on the political situation at that time. He always took the lead in signing, and used various ways to fight effectively. On the eve of liberation, he did a lot of work in Fudan University, refused to withdraw to Taiwan, and gave Fudan to the people completely.

Experience after the founding of the people's Republic of China

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Zhang zhirang became the first judge of new China, chairman of the Council of Fudan University, Professor of law school, engaged in legal research and judicial work. In 1954, Zhang zhirang participated in the formulation of China's first constitution. He has attended many international legal conferences and paid friendly visits. He attended the first plenary session of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference and was elected a deputy to the first, second, third and fourth National People's congresses. He has successively served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, a member of the Bills Committee of the second and third National People's congresses, a member of the political and Legal Committee of the State Council, a member of the legal committee, and a member of the Supreme People's Law Commission He has made positive contributions to legal research and judicial work. Zhang zhirang is very knowledgeable, has a deep knowledge of history and poetry, and is proficient in English and German. In his later years, he also studied Russian and could read the original works. On April 26, 1978, Zhang zhirang died of illness in Beijing.

Character contribution

Zhang zhirang's contribution to the development of modern Chinese law and jurisprudence is mainly reflected in three aspects. First, as a legal educator, Zhang zhirang has long been a professor in the law departments of Peking University and Fudan University, and has done a lot of work for the cultivation of legal talents. Second, he made great efforts for the legislative cause of new China. He was a member of the drafting group of the 1954 Constitution and a drafter of many important judicial documents in the 1950s. At that time, China's legal system was not perfect, and Zhang zhirang's role in establishing the system was particularly important. Third, he made great contributions to the establishment, improvement and perfection of the judicial system of new China. Since the establishment of the Supreme People's court in New China, Zhang zhirang has been appointed Vice President and is the first generation of justices in New China. In 1956, in the absence of criminal law and criminal procedure law in China, Zhang zhirang accepted the entrustment of the Supreme Court to carry out the investigation and Research on "the charges, types of punishment and the range of sentencing in criminal cases", and guided the work of conviction and sentencing of courts at all levels by summing up the practical experience of trial. Under the leadership of Zhang zhirang, he organized nearly 20000 materials from 23 high courts, bringing together the rich experience of trial work of people's courts all over the country since the founding of the people's Republic of China. After repeated and in-depth discussion and listening to the opinions of more than 40 courts, public security institutions, colleges and universities, the document "preliminary summary on the charges, types of punishment and range of sentencing in criminal cases" was formed, which was approved by the judicial committee of the Supreme Court and issued to the National Courts for execution, and played a role of criminal law and criminal procedure law in trial practice.

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Zhi Rang