Sima Shi

Sima Shi

Sima Shi

(March 23, 208-255)

Subelement

He was born in Wenxian, Hanoi (now Wenxian, Henan Province). During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Wei was a powerful minister and one of the founders of the Western Jin Dynasty. He was the eldest son of Sima Yi and Zhang Chunhua, the Xuanmu empress of the Jin Dynasty, the same mother and brother of Sima Zhao, the Wendi of the Jin Dynasty, and the uncle of Sima Yan, the Wudi of the Jin Dynasty.

In his early years, Sima Shi was as famous as Xia Hou Xuan and he Yan. After the coup in gaopingling, he was granted the Marquis of Pingxiang and the general of xuanjiawei. After his death, Sima Yi was promoted to the rank of general the next year. After he came to power, he formulated laws and regulations for selecting officials, ordered all officials to recommend talents, rectified the principles and disciplines, made them have their own duties, and made the government and the opposition solemn. Sima Division also had excellent military ability, and used it to defeat Zhuge Ke's army in the battle of Xincheng.

In the sixth year of Jiaping (254), Wei emperor Cao Fang and Zhongshu Ling Li Feng conspired to get rid of Sima Shi, who killed the participants and forced empress dowager Guo to abolish Cao Fang and establish Cao Mao as emperor. The next year, he personally led his troops to put an end to the rebellion of Wu Qiujian and Wen Qin. He died on the way back to his teacher. He was 48 years old, and his posthumous title was "Zhongwu". Later, he was chased and respected as king Jing of Jin Dynasty. After the establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty, it was pursued and respected

King Jing

, temple name

Shizong

.

Life of the characters

Early experience

In his early years, Sima Shi married Xia Hou Hui, the daughter of Xia Hou Shang. They had five daughters. According to the book of Jin, Xia Houhui knew that Sima Shi was not a loyal minister of Cao Wei, and Sima Shi was also very scrupulous about his wife who came from Xia Hou family. In the second year of Qinglong (234), Sima Shi poisoned Xiahou Hui.

During the reign of Cao Wei and Jingchu (March 237-239), Sima Shi served as a general servant of scattered cavalry and served as the central guard after many promotions. He set up laws and regulations on the selection of talents, recommended talents without exceeding their credit, and officials could not do favoritism. Later, Sima Shi's mother died. Sima Shi kept a funeral for her and got the name of filial son.

In the first year of Jiaping (249), Sima Yi launched the "change of Gaoping mausoleum". Sima division personally led troops to settle Sima gate and control Kyoto. Afterwards, he was granted the title of Marquis of Changping and general of Jiawei. On the eve of the incident, when Sima Yi told Sima Shi and Sima Zhao about the plan, Sima Zhao worried that he couldn't sleep all night, but Sima Shi slept as usual. In the early morning of the next day, he joined the Sima gate. The Sima division was calm inside and outside, and the array was very neat. After seeing this, Sima Yi sighed: "my son is so powerful." At the beginning, Sima Shiyin raised three thousand dead men and scattered them in the world. Today, they are gathered in a single Dynasty, and no one knows. After the great success, Sima Shi was granted the title of Marquis of Changping township for his work, and he lived in a city of thousands of households. Before long, Sima Shi was appointed general Wei.

Outstanding achievements

In the third year of the rebellion, Ma Yiping, the master of you, followed Wang lingzheng.

After Wang Ling was pacified, Sima Yi died. Sima Shi became a general of Fu army and took charge of the military and political power of Wei state. In the fourth year of Jiaping (252), he was promoted to a general, intending to capture the newly built dyke of Dongwu. In December, he sent troops to attack Dongxing and listened to Zhuge's plan. He divided the attack into three ways, with Zhuge's own troops as the main force and built a floating bridge. In the battle of Dongxing, Sima Shi appointed Sima Zhao as the governor, and Sima Zhao led Hu Zun, the general of Zhengdong, and Zhuge, the general of Zhendong, to attack Wu and fight in Dongguan. But he was defeated by Zhuge Ke. The court officials suggested that Zhuge birthday and other military generals should be demoted. Sima Shi attributed the defeat to himself and said, "I don't listen to the public holiday, so that this is the end. What sin will all of you commit? " Sima Zhao's title was weakened because he was the commander in chief. Other generals did not punish him too much. They just transferred the defense area.

In May 253, zhugeke, the supreme Fu of the state of Wu, sent 200000 troops to encircle the new city of Hefei. The imperial court talked about it one after another. They were worried that they would divide their forces to attack huaisi, and they had plans to defend each water outlet. Sima Shi said: "ZHUGE Ke has just gained the power of Wu state. He wants to use his power for a while and join forces in Hefei new city. He hopes to succeed again. He has no spare time to attack Qingzhou and Xuzhou. Moreover, there is not only one Waterway Port. Where there is more defense, there are more soldiers. Where there is less defense, there is not enough defense. " Zhuge Ke concentrated all his troops in Hefei New City, just as Sima division had expected, and sent Sima Fu to supervise the defense of 200000 troops. Zhendong general Wu Qiujian and Yangzhou governor Wen Qin asked for war. Sima Shi said: "ZHUGE Ke's army was light and deep, and it was hard to resist the edge of its forces. What's more, the new town is small and strong, and the attack could not be conquered immediately. " He ordered the generals to treat them as high bases. Zhuge Ke had a stalemate for several months, and the siege forces were exhausted, with more than half of the casualties. Sima Shi ordered Wenqin to send his elite troops to join him, asking him to cut off Zhuge Ke's retreat, and not to wait for Qiu Jian to cut off the rear. Zhuge Ke fled in fear. Wen Qin defeated the enemy and beheaded more than ten thousand people.

To abolish and establish without authorization

In February of the sixth year of Jiaping (254), Cao Fang planned to order Li Feng, Xia Hou Xuan and Zhang Ji to launch a coup. After abolishing Sima Shi, he wanted to make Xiahou Xuan a general of Taichang. However, the plan leaked out. The three men were killed by Sima Shi, annihilated the three ethnic groups, and abolished empress Zhang. The state of Wei was in chaos for a time. In the same year, Sima Shi was suspicious of Cao Fang and dismissed Cao Fang as the king of Qi. Sima Shi intended to make Cao, the king of Pengcheng, Emperor. However, Empress Dowager Guo asked for Cao Mao, a noble Xiang Gong, to be emperor. At empress dowager Guo's insistence, Sima Shi had no dispute, so he sent envoys to welcome Cao Mao to Luoyang to ascend the throne. Sima Shi and Sima Zhao's brothers continued to control the power.

Two traitors in Huainan

In 255, Zhendong general Wu Qiujian and Yangzhou governor Wen Qin fought against Sima Shi. They took their four sons as hostages and sent them to Soochow to curry favor with Sun Liang, but they didn't get much support from Soochow. In January of spring, Wu Qiujian and Wen Qin crossed the Huaihe River and moved westward from Shouchun. There was no way to destroy Luoyang and occupy Xuchang. When they reached Xiang County, they stopped. The Sima division ordered Wang Ji to lead the vanguard troops to "Nandun" to monitor Wu Qiujian and Wen Qin, and sent Zhuge birthday to lead the Yuzhou soldiers to attack Shouchun; Hu Zun to lead the Qingzhou and Xuzhou soldiers to slant out between Qiao County and today's Shangqiu County, cutting off Wu Qiujian and Wen Qin from Xiang county to Shouchun. Sima Shi himself led the main force and gathered in Ruyang. In addition, the Sima Division also asked Deng AI to take more than 10000 "Taishan armies" troops to Lejia county to make them vulnerable, luring Wu Qiujian and Wen Qin to attack. Wu Qiujian asked Wen Qin to fight Deng AI. The Sima division commanded a large number of cavalry to attack Wen Qin from behind, and Wen Qin was defeated. Wu Qiujian heard the news in Xiang county and left in a hurry. After Wu Qiujian went to Shen County, he hid in the grass beside the river and was shot to death by the common people. Wenqin fled to Soochow. Wu Qiu's family and Wen's family, who stayed in the state of Wei, were all killed together.

Scared to death

At the beginning, Wen Yang, the son of Wen Qin, led the army to attack the camp. The Sima division was too frightened. In addition, he had a tumor on his eyes and often had pus, which caused his eyes to shake out. On March 23, 255, Yu Zhengyuan died of pain in Xuchang at the age of 48.

In February, Cao Mao was dressed in mourning, and his posthumous title was Zhongwu. In the first year of Xianxi (264), Sima Zhao was granted the title of king of Jin. In December of the second year of Xianxi reign, Bingyin (February 8, 266), Sima Yan called himself Emperor and respected Sima Shi as emperor Jing. His tomb was called Junping mausoleum and the temple name was Shizong.

Main achievements

After Sima Shi came to power, he formulated laws and regulations for selecting officials, ordered all officials to recommend talents, rectified the principles and disciplines, made them have their own duties, and made the government and the opposition solemn. In military, Sima Shi also had outstanding talent. He used his plan to defeat Zhuge Ke's army in the battle of Xincheng. He also directed the pacification of wuqiujian and Wenqin in the "three rebellions in Huainan".

Character evaluation

He Yan: only a few things can be accomplished in the world. Sima Ziyuan is one of them.

Sima Yi: how can this son be.

Wu Qiujian: when a teacher is a minister, he should get rid of the national calamity, be a son, and be a father. He was unfaithful to his minister and unfilial to his son.

Wen Qin: Sima Shitao rebelled against the heaven and abolished the two masters. He was Xin, GUI, Gao and Mang, and his evil was not good enough.

Zhang Ti: Sima Yi's father and son have made great achievements in their own hands. Apart from their vexation and strictness, they have spread their benefits and sought help for them. The people's hearts have been returning to them for a long time. Therefore, the three rebellions in Huainan did not disturb the heart. Cao Mao's death was immovable in all directions. He destroyed the firm enemy like a withered one. He swayed the similarities and differences like a counter hand. He was able to do his best to serve the good and perform his duties. Who could do it? His power is strong, his roots are firm, his emotions are subdued, and his cunning plans are established.

Sun Sheng: in the early days, Xia Hou Xuan and he Yan were well-known at that time, and King Sima Jing was also in advance.

Cao Pi: Emperor Jing was responsible for carrying and compiling Hongxu. Huangwei resists again, Tianhui raises again. Stupid Er Kou, disturb me to raise Chu. It is the whole Yuanrong, to paste Qi axe. He is the king of hehe. The whale and salamander are both flat and superior to Emperor Yu.

Yu Shinan: it's rare to have a good reputation. I'll pay attention to that time. Wang Zuo's talent, written in the past, and at the time of Zhu Shuang's death, had already announced his wisdom and strategy. The imperial and thrifty troops were fighting, and the whole army was fighting alone. This is enough to see his heroic plan. Although the road is prosperous for three times, and the north side of the whole life, it has a great reputation, but the official integrity is not lost, and the Hou Fu is complete, so it is beautiful here.

Fang Xuanling: 1. Shizong created the foundation with wisdom, Taizu accomplished the task with great talent. The trace of Yin remains empty, the ambition of Jianshang is far away, and the world is divided into three parts. And more than sword sales atmosphere, floating Huai static chaos, Tong palace Xu resentment, or unbearable. Ruo Nai ti is a famous official. He is the Prime Minister of Ge Zhiduan. Duke Zhou lingers at this age. Wei Wu is proud of Zeri. The music of Xuanxuan, the great enlightenment of Nanyang, the picture of Shizhi, is in the north of Yan. It's so strong that it's the one who holds heaven and man! It is not difficult to be the master of the emperor. ② The emperor Shizong inherited the culture, but the state power was not divided. Three thousand people are like clouds.

Hu Sansheng: Wang Mang, Sima Shi and Xiao Luan are all of the same mind. The traitor of the country must have wings, and those who have the world should be disciplined!

Chinese PinYin : Si Ma Shi