Wang Shixiong

Wang Shixiong

Wang Shixiong (1808-1868? In 1863, it was named Meng Ying, named Mengyin (a dreamer), qianzhai (another name), banchishan (another name), Shuixiang Sanren, Suixi hermit, Haichang Yeyun (also known as Yeyun), whose ancestral home was Yanguan in Haining, Zhejiang Province, and moved to Qiantang (Hangzhou). TCM febrile disease expert. He devoted all his life to the clinical and theoretical research of traditional Chinese medicine and made a connecting contribution to the development of the theory of febrile diseases, especially to the differentiation and treatment of cholera. We should pay attention to environmental sanitation and put forward many valuable views on the prevention of epidemic diseases. His son, Wang Jukui, once served as an imperial doctor in Taiping Hospital.

Life survey

Wang Shixiong was born in Qiantang, Zhejiang Province in 1808. His distant ancestors came from Anhua (now Qingyang County, Gansu Province), then moved to Yanguan (now Haining City, Zhejiang Province), and moved to Qiantang during the reign of Emperor Qianlong. Wang Xuequan, the great grandfather of Wang Shixiong, was a famous doctor. He wrote two volumes of medical essays. His grandfather Yongjia and father Cang were also proficient in medicine, and they had supplemented and annotated the book. When Wang Shixiong was 14 years old, his father was seriously ill. Before he died, he told him: "life between heaven and earth, there must be a period for the world, you know this, I have no regrets.". After his father's death, he studied medicine according to his family's instructions, but in the end, he was unable to live because his family was poor. In order to make a living, I went to Xiaoshun street of Wuzhou (now Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province) to assist in salt management in the winter of the same year. During the day, I work and support my family. At night, I enjoy reading medical books and burning plaster after sundial. Although Wang Shixiong was in adversity, it did not affect his studies. On the contrary, it aroused the spirit of striving for strength, and his ambition to study medicine became stronger and stronger. From Neijing and Nanjing to the works of the sages of Ming and Qing Dynasties, all of them studied deeply and learned from others' strong points, which laid a solid theoretical foundation of traditional Chinese medicine. According to the annals of Haining Prefecture, he "studied the heart, soul and vegetable, investigated day and night, and created the essence.". It shows that being diligent and studious is the most valuable part of Wang Shixiong's scholarship, and also the key to his academic achievements. Wang Shixiong lived in the era of Western learning spreading to the East. He was open-minded about the western medicine introduced at that time. He absorbed it analytically and criticized some people in the field of traditional Chinese medicine for respecting classics and respecting the ancient and refusing to accept the western theory. This reflected his academic spirit of absorbing new knowledge. What's more, Wang Shixiong attached great importance to clinical practice and paid attention to seeking true knowledge from practice. He is usually busy in clinic and has extensive contact with patients, thus accumulating rich clinical experience. However, according to a brief history of Northern Zhejiang medicine, Zhang Wenchong, a late Jiaxing Chinese medicine doctor, said that his ancestor lived in Fuxi in the past and saw Meng Ying himself. He was thin, studious and lived for 61 years. Therefore, his death should be in 1868. This theory should be believable.

Forum of hundred schools

Wang Mengying, a great doctor

Medical skills

After three years of studying medicine, Wang Shixiong began to treat people's diseases. In the summer of 1824, Zhou Guangyuan, the salt owner, was 27 years old. He was fat and fair skinned. After going to the toilet, he suddenly perspired, his lips turned white and his voice was low. Some doctors diagnosed as "heatstroke", want to use spicy prescription. Wang Shixiong diagnosed that the patient's pulse condition was already exhausted, and he knew that Yang Qi would be removed. If he used Xinkai again, he would be in danger, so he tried to open up a group discussion. The doctors laughed at his youth and ignorance and criticized him one after another. Fortunately, the patient knew the medicine and thought that Wang Shixiong was right, so he asked for a prescription. Because he couldn't buy the medicine for a while, Wang Shixiong happened to take a piece of ginger and poured down the decoction. After taking it, his condition improved significantly. Then he used ginseng, Astragalus membranaceus, Atractylodes macrocephala, licorice and other drugs to nourish his body, and recovered. From then on, people often asked him for treatment when they were sick. He also lived up to the expectations of the public and saved many critically ill patients, so his name was greatly shocked. After nine years in Wu Dynasty, Wang Shixiong returned to Hangzhou. He was full of ambition and determined to make a career in medicine. At that time, warm heat syndrome was common in Hangzhou, and doctors often treated from typhoid fever. The medicine was either xinzaowensan or thick and greasy nourishing. Wang Shixiong's diagnosis and treatment were mostly complicated diseases and syndromes that were mistakenly treated by other doctors. He saved countless people with his superb medical skills. In the spring of 1836, Shi Fusheng, Sichuan Province, fell ill on his way to Hangzhou. He began to be treated by a doctor surnamed Chen. When Wang Shixiong arrived, his mind was blurred, his limbs were cool and his body was cold, his mouth was spitting and salivating, his urine was less astringent, his pulse was heavy and astringent. Wang Shixiong said that this is the journey experience of rheumatism, not timely clearing up and dissolving, evil from heat, combined with mistakenly taking warm tonic drugs, resulting in Qi suffocation, evil heat diffuse no way out, Shuo liquid into phlegm, retrograde attack, so there is this crisis. Persuade patients not to panic, take some Shuli Qinghua medicine, phlegm to heat clear, the disease will be better. Medicinal Coptis, Scutellaria baicalensis, Fructus aurantii Immaturus, orange peel, gardenia, adzuki bean drum, Platycodon grandiflorum, almond, Fritillaria, Curcuma, Tongcao, aster, Zhuru, Raphani juice, etc. Take three doses, the patient is out of danger, can get up and walk, and then recuperate for 10 days, he will be cured. Wang Shixiong was diligent in writing all his life and left a large number of medical literature with academic value to posterity. Among them, the main works of Wang Shixiong are "on the revision of cholera in suixiju", "Wenre Jingwei", "suixiju diet", "guiyanlu", "qianzhai medical talk" and "Wang's medical record". During the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, cholera was prevalent in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Wang Shixiong tried his best to cure the disease and wrote a manuscript on cholera in 1838. In 1862, when he lived in Shanghai, cholera was rampant, but "the commander was at a loss, and there were many dead". So he revised the original book and renamed it as "on cholera with rest". He elaborately expounded the previous theories, collected his life experience, discussed the disease condition, discussed the treatment, attached medical cases, and made a systematic discussion on the etiology, pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation, prevention and treatment of cholera. Cao Bingzhang evaluated his book as "the most complete book for the treatment of Cholera". Wenre Jingwei is Wang Shixiong's masterpiece. The theory of epidemic febrile diseases had a considerable development in the era of Wang Shixiong. On the basis of a large number of clinical practice, he adopted the compilation principle of "taking Xuanqi Zhongjing's writings as the classics and ye Xue's differentiation as the weft", compiled various medical theories and expounded his own opinions. In 1852, he wrote a book, which made the theory of febrile diseases become a system and a grand view. He can be called the great master of febrile diseases, and later generations call him a master of febrile diseases. Wang Shixiong lived at the bottom of the society and knew the sufferings of the people. He wrote the book "suixiju diet spectrum" in 1861, which detailed the performance and therapeutic effect of more than 330 kinds of medicine and food. For example, watermelon is called tianshengbaihu decoction, which is used to clear heat and relieve summer heat; pear juice is called tianshengganlu drink, which is used to clear stomach and moisten lung; sugarcane is called tianshengfumai decoction, which is used to clear heat and nourish lung It is a systematic book on food nutrition and dietotherapy, which has a deep influence. In October 1855, Wang Shixiong and his family returned to the salt officer of Zhejiang Province and rented a house in Fuxi (Luzhong town). Yan Qicao Tang said "Guiyan". He sighed that after his father's death, he took an inkstone to travel in all directions. It took 30 years. At this time, only one inkstone was returned to his native place. However, there were many records when he was visiting doctors. When he was returning to Li, he made a collation, which was titled "records of guiyanlu" (written in 1857). It not only introduces its own clinical experience, but also draws on the strengths of various schools, which is of great practical value. Qian Zhai Yi Hua is a kind of clinical insight with many original ideas. His medical records are detailed, and his theories, methods and prescriptions are complete, which is highly praised by the medical profession. In addition, his works "qianzhai Jianxiao Fang", "Sike Jianxiao Fang" and "Jiming Lu" have been well received for their collection of folk prescriptions, effective prescriptions of past dynasties and those who have been proved to be effective by themselves. He also annotated and interpreted his great grandfather's medical essays, Yu Shigui's supplement of "good prescription of willing to practice medicine", Shen Yaofeng's collection of women's medicine, Wei Yuheng's continuation of famous medical cases, Yu Dongfu's selection of ancient and modern medical cases, Xu Lingtai's "medical criticism" and Wu Jutong's "differentiation of epidemic febrile diseases".

Febrile disease theory

The epidemic of febrile disease is transmitted and changed. Ye Tianshi has the theory of "transmitting pericardium inversely", but his words are not clear. Wang Shih Hsiung once explained this point, that is, to pass pericardium is called inverse, which is relative to pass stomach into Qi is called Shun. In the lung, the evil can go down to the stomach, is from the Fu organs, in order to have a way out, is called Shun; do not move the stomach and heart, is from the viscera to the viscera, evil has no way to go, intrinsic Zibian, is called inverse. He also pointed out that "if it is not transmitted from the stomach, but trapped in the heart envelope, it will not only transmit the viscera by the viscera, but also bring the pathogenic Qi into the camp (here refers to the Qi of the lung), so it is called reverse transmission." It shows that the evil from the lung to the heart, from the guard to the camp, are reverse lesions. Wang Shixiong explained: "at the beginning of the disease, the tongue is often moist without moss, but the pulse is soft, or string, or a few, and the mouth is not thirsty, and the heart is upset with evil heat, so it is appropriate to use the medicine to clear Ying Yin; the evil Qi changes from Qi, and the moss begins to spread gradually, and then the Qi can be cleared. In the first place, the tongue is crimson and the throat is dry. It has the false appearance of limb cold pulse. It is urgent to divide the latent evil into clear Yin and thick greasy yellow and turbid moss. This latent evil and new feeling are in the same place. In addition, those who can't go out together because of the deep-seated evil will be cured well. After the moss recedes and the tongue fades, the tongue will become dry and purplish, and the moss will become yellow and dry in more than one or two days, just as the cocoon will emerge in an endless stream. It's not as warm and evil as the external feeling. It's from Wei and Qi, and it's self-supporting and blood. " The complex transformation phenomenon of fuqiwenbing is described clearly and picturesquely. Ye Tianshi advocated that "the method should be beneficial to the stomach" in the treatment of the syndrome of pathogenic retention of Qi in febrile diseases? But did not elaborate. Wang Shixiong analyzed the principle from the fluency and smoothness of Qi, saying that "those who benefit the stomach are in dredging the cardinal axis of Chongqing, irrigating the soup, so that the evil Qi can be released and travel with the sweat." It corrects Zhang Xugu's mistake of sticking to the literal meaning to supplement stomach qi. Wang Shixiong is good at distinguishing the six Qi, but he is not

Chinese PinYin : Wang Shi Xiong