Luoergang

Luoergang

Luo Ergang (January 29, 1901 - May 25, 1997), male, from Guixian county (now Guigang City), Guangxi Province, is a famous historian, an expert on the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, an exegetist, a military chronicler of the late Qing Dynasty, and a first-class researcher of the Institute of modern history of the Chinese Academy of social sciences.

Luo Ergang graduated from the Chinese Department of Shanghai China Public University in 1930. After graduation, he studied textual research with President Hu Shi. In 1932, he began to study the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom from the perspective of distinguishing falsehood and investigating letters. Since then, he has been engaged in research work in the Institute of liberal arts of Peking University and the Institute of social studies of Academia Sinica. He has also been a professor in the Department of history of Central University and a compiler of Guangxi Tongzhi library. After the founding of new China, he was a researcher in the Institute of economics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was transferred to the Institute of modern history of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in 1954 and joined the Communist Party of China in 1958. He has successively served as deputy to the second and third National People's congresses and member of the second and Fifth National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference. On May 25, 1997, Mr. Luo Ergang died in Beijing at the age of 97.

Luo Ergang was mainly engaged in the study of the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the military system of the late Qing Dynasty, and formed a unique academic style of being good at textual research; he presided over the preparation of the Nanjing Taiping Heavenly Kingdom History Museum; he created a new style of general history of "complex"; he successfully applied materialist dialectics to textual research, thus reforming the historical research methods. He published about 50 academic monographs, more than 400 papers and more than 9 million words, and collected, sorted, compiled and published 30 million words of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom documents and materials. Luo Ergang's main works include: outline of the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, collection of essays on the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (ten volumes), notes to the manuscript of Li Xiucheng's autobiography, annals of the Xiang army, annals of the green army, etc.

Life of the characters

Luo Ergang was born in Guixian, Guangxi on January 291901. In the early winter of 1924, Luo Ergang studied in the special class of Shanghai Pudong middle school, preparing to apply for the matriculation.

In 1925, when he was studying in Shanghai Pudong middle school, Luo Ergang took part in the May 30th patriotic movement and the progressive organization of Weixi Youth Association in his hometown.

In 1926, Luo Ergang was admitted to the Sociology Department of Shanghai University and received the enlightenment education of Marxism. Deng Zhongxia is the Dean, Qu Qiubai is the director of sociology department. Famous Communists such as Cai Hesen, Zhang Tailei, Yun Daiying and Xiao Chunv have taught in the school. At that time, the textbooks were capital, political economy, sociology and so on.

Luo Ergang graduated from the literature department of Shanghai Chinese public school in June 1930.

From July 1930 to September 1931, Luo Ergang assisted Hu Shi in sorting out the manuscripts of his father Hu's biography. From 1932 to 1933, Luo Ergang was a primary school teacher in Guixian County, Guangxi Province. He also worked as a special editor of Guixian County Records Bureau, and served as part of the compilation of the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

In November 1934, Luo Ergang was an assistant in the Institute of liberal arts of Peking University, sorting out the rubbings of Yifeng hall.

In August 1936, Luo Ergang was a teaching assistant, and he was the author of "compilation, correction and supplement of Jinshi Cui" and "examples of Jinshi characters in Yifeng hall". During this period, Luo Ergang wrote such books as the outline of the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, a study of the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and a chronicle of Hong Xiuquan before the Jintian uprising.

In 1936, Luo Ergang was also an assistant of the Institute of social studies of Academia Sinica.

In July 1937, the Lugouqiao Incident broke out, Beiping fell, and the Institute of social studies moved to Changsha. In November, Luo Ergang transferred to the Institute.

In 1939, Luo Ergang was promoted to associate researcher of Institute of social studies, Academia Sinica. During this period, Luo Ergang first studied the history of the military system in the Qing Dynasty, and wrote the new Annals of the Xiang army, the campaign of the Nian Army, the annals of the lvying army, and the annals of the late Qing Dynasty (including the annals of the Huai army, the annals of Guijia training, the annals of the Navy, the annals of the Lu army, the annals of military education, and the annals of the Arsenal).

After 1943, Luo Ergang specially wrote the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, including the background of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom revolution, the historical manuscript of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the textual research collection of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the jinshilu of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the identification collection of the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and the Utopia of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

In 1944, the Guangxi General Records Museum borrowed the manuscript of Li Xiucheng's autobiography from the Institute of social studies, and wrote such books as the proof of the manuscript of Li Xiucheng's autobiography, the biography of the people of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in Guangxi, and the first record of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in Guangxi.

In 1947, Luo Ergang was promoted to a researcher in the Institute of social studies, Academia Sinica.

After liberation in 1949, the Institute of social studies was changed into the Institute of economics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1954, Luo Ergang transferred from the Institute of economics to the Institute of modern history. Since December 1950, Mr. Luo Ergang has participated in the exhibition of the revolutionary history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in Nanjing, investigated the historical relics of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, excavated and compiled the documents of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, accepted the task of preparing to build the Nanjing Taiping Heavenly Kingdom History Museum, and concurrently served as a professor of Nanjing University. When his work was completed in April 1964, Luo Ergang returned to Beijing Institute of modern history from Nanjing to work.

Luo Ergang was the people's representative of Guixian County in Guangxi in 1950, the people's representative of Nanjing City in 1953, and the people's representative of Jiangsu Province and member of the second CPPCC National Committee in 1954.

In 1956, Luo Ergang built the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Memorial Hall. In 1961, it expanded into the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom History Museum, and compiled four Taiping Heavenly Kingdom documents and a collection of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom materials. During this period, Luo Ergang wrote seven volumes of the collection of essays on the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, including selected works of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and historical paintings of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

Luo Ergang joined the Communist Party of China in 1958. In 1959, Luo Ergang was appointed as the second National People's representative; in 1964, Luo Ergang was appointed as the third National People's representative; in 1978, Luo Ergang was appointed as a member of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference; later, Luo Ergang served as a consultant to the Beijing Taiping Heavenly Kingdom History Research Association, honorary president of Nanjing Taiping Heavenly Kingdom History Association, consultant to Guangxi history society and Taiping Heavenly Kingdom History Research Association, etc. Since 1958, while compiling documents, Luo Ergang has written the history of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and Li Xiucheng's notes on his own account.

In 1982, Luo Ergang rewrote Xiang Jun Bing Zhi and re examined lvying Bing Zhi. He also made a new and creative research on the origin and author of the famous Chinese classic novel outlaws of the marsh, and published papers such as the true meaning of outlaws of the marsh and the author and original problem of outlaws of the Marsh from Luo Guanzhong's three Suiping Yao Zhuan. Since then, Mr. rolgang continued to revise the military records of the late Qing Dynasty, completed the continuation of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom materials, and further studied the original and author of Shuihu Zhuan.

On May 25, 1997, Mr. Luo Ergang died in Beijing at the age of 97.

Main achievements

A study of the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

Luo Ergang was very diligent in the excavation and textual research of the historical materials of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and became the first generation of remarkable scholars in this field. After the revolution of 1911, Hong Xiuquan was officially respected as the pioneer of the national revolutionary movement, and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom became a hot topic among the people, and the related research began. However, the original research was greatly limited, mainly because the documents of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom had been banned and destroyed by the Qing government, and the records of the Qing Dynasty, including the notes, needed to be collected and sorted out. In 1934, Chen Duxiu read Luo Ergang's unpublished history of Guangxi uprising of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in prison, and specially asked Luo Ergang to come to Nanjing to meet with him. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Luo Ergang played an irreplaceable role and made outstanding contributions to the study of the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, which was mainly reflected in the following aspects: he presided over the preparation of the memorial hall of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in Nanjing, and later expanded it into a museum of the history of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom; he led the large-scale collection and collation of the materials of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and presided over the compilation of six volumes of the series of historical materials of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom In addition, he participated in the compilation of 8 volumes of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the second kind of "Chinese modern history data series", which provided unprecedented convenience for the research. He sorted out his own research results and successively published 7 anthologies, including the collection of historical records of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the collection of historical events of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and the collection of historical materials of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Posterity provided a key to entry, promoted the rise of new research force; extensive investigation and identification of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom sites and cultural relics promoted the protection of related cultural relics. In the 1950s and 1960s, studies in Europe, America, Japan, Hong Kong and Taiwan also reached a climax. For a time, the study of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom became a world-famous school, and the name of Luo Ergang was well known to more people. After ten years of hard work, Luo Ergang finished the history of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom at the age of 85, with 88 volumes and 1.54 million words. He created a new genre of history, integrating five genres of narration, chronology, table, annals and biography. He has extensive content, careful examination and many original ideas. After its publication, the book has attracted wide attention and won the first prize of Guo Moruo's Chinese history award.

The founding of new China in 1949 is a watershed in Chinese history in the 20th century, which also changed the fate of Luo Ergang. Luo Ergang tried to adapt to the new political and academic environment, but he still suffered from the spread of extreme left thoughts. In 1964, Qi Benyu and others asserted that they were "loyal to the king" and "unfaithful". Under the banner of "traitor" and "integrity", they set off a great criticism on Li Xiucheng and raised academic issues to political issues. Luo Ergang was criticized for his insistence that Li Xiucheng was a puppet and was under great pressure. At the beginning of the "Cultural Revolution", Luo Ergang was punished for scrubbing the door of the unit's toilet, and wrote a three-year review of Gao keyingchi. His normal academic research was interrupted until 1971

Chinese PinYin : Luo Er Gang