Yan Jingyao

Yan Jingyao

Yan Jingyao (1905-1976), male, from Yuyao, Zhejiang Province, is a famous Chinese sociologist, criminologist, social activist and professor of Department of international politics, Peking University. Yan Jingyao is one of the founders of the China Association for the promotion of Democracy (CCPD). He is a deputy to the first, second and third National People's congresses. He has also served as the standing director of the first, second and Third Council of the Central Committee of CCPD and the Standing Committee member of the fourth and fifth Standing Committee of the Central Committee of CCPD "Social analysis of China's prison problems", "crime bibliography", "Beiping prison education and education", "the relationship between China's crime problems and social changes", "crime and punishment in primitive society", "how new China transformed prisoners" and so on.

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Yan Jingyao, male, is a famous Chinese sociologist, criminologist and social activist. In 1924, he was admitted to the Department of Sociology of Peking Yanjing University, majoring in Criminology.

In 1927, in order to obtain the first-hand materials of crime, he went to the first prison of the capital as a volunteer prisoner and tasted the flavor of iron windows.

In 1929, Yan Jingyao graduated from the Graduate School of Yanjing University and stayed as a teaching assistant to teach criminology. In 1930, he was employed as a research assistant in the Institute of Social Sciences of Academia Sinica. He went to prisons in 20 cities to investigate. In 1930, he represented China at the 10th International prison conference held in Czechoslovakia. After the conference, he visited the Soviet Union, France and Britain, and then went to the new york news agency They will serve the college for further study.

In 1931, he entered the University of Chicago and received his doctorate in 1934. Later, he went to the London Academy of economic and Social Sciences for half a year, and was employed as an English teacher in Moscow foreign language school.

He returned to China in the autumn of 1935 to teach in the Sociology Department of Yanjing University. In 1936, he went to Shanghai to work as assistant warden of xilao of the Ministry of industry to study children's crime, At the same time, he taught criminology in Soochow University; in 1947, he returned to Yanjing University as a professor of sociology, and concurrently served as a member of the Council and vice chairman of the Advisory Committee, lecturing courses such as "criminology", "Introduction to sociology" and "social change"; in September 1949, he attended the first plenary session of the Chinese people's Consultative Conference on civil affairs.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Yan Jingyao was the director of the Department of political science of Yanjing University, the acting Dean of the school of law, and also the professor of the Department of law of Peking University.

In 1952, he participated in the preparation of Beijing University of political science and law, served as the director of the national law teaching and research section of the Institute, and concurrently served as a member of the school affairs committee. He taught courses such as "the state law of the Soviet Union", "the state law of the Bourgeoisie", "the constitution of the people's Republic of China" and "an introduction to the world".

In 1973, he was transferred to the Department of international politics of Peking University to study international issues.

Yan Jingyao was elected deputy to the first, second and third National People's Congress. He is one of the founders of the China Association for the promotion of democracy. He has successively served as executive director of the first, second and Third Council of the Central Committee of the Democratic Progressive Party of China, and standing member of the fourth and fifth Standing Committee.

On January 12, 1976, Mr. Yan Jingyao died of sudden cerebral hemorrhage in Beijing at the age of 72.

Yan Jingyao used the method of historical materialism to study the problem of crime. He analyzed the causes of crime from the perspective of sociology and Criminology.

Life of the characters

Yan Jingyao was born in 1905, poor family, but he studied hard. In 1924, he was admitted to Beijing Yanjing University, majoring in sociology.

In 1927, taking advantage of the school summer vacation, he came to the capital first prison near Taoranting to investigate. His way of investigation is hard to accept. He put down his airs as a college student, went to the front line of prison as a volunteer "prisoner", asked for trouble, put on prison clothes, ate prison meals with criminal prisoners, lived in the same cell, worked together, and tasted the iron window life. He wrote many valuable papers, such as social analysis of crimes in Beijing and prison problems in China.

After graduating from the University in 1928, Yan Jingyao stayed in Yanjing University as a graduate student and teaching assistant, and continued to study criminology. On one occasion, he led students to investigate prisoners in 20 cities in China, collecting more than 300 kinds of case data. In 1930, he was employed as a research assistant by the Institute of social studies, Academia Sinica. On the recommendation of Yang Xingfo, director general of the Academy, he represented the Chinese government at the international prison conference held in the Czech Republic. Taking advantage of this international conference, Yan Jingyao visited the Soviet Union, France and Britain. Later, he entered the University of Chicago to study. In 1934, he received a doctorate in Criminology. His doctoral dissertation is "the relationship between crime and social change in China".

In June 1935, Yan Jingyao returned to China and still taught in Yanjing University. In December of the same year, the "129" student movement led by the Communist Party of China broke out. He actively encouraged and supported students to participate in the Anti Japanese and national salvation patriotic movement. Under the pressure of Kuomintang reactionaries, Yan Jingyao left the University platform and came to Shanghai. At that time, it was time for Tilanqiao prison to open the recruitment of deputy warden. Yan Jingyao, who had a good knowledge of Criminology and prison experience, was very interested in this position. From the perspective of management system, Tilanqiao prison is the British model, and the first prison in Beijing is the Japanese model. The old Tilanqiao prison is known as the first prison in the Far East. It is the product of the invasion of China's judicial sovereignty by foreign colonialism. The prison was officially opened on May 18, 1903. Most of the wardens (sometimes called wardens) were British, and there was an American named Simms. With the continuous expansion of the prison scale, the number of prisoners has increased dramatically. In addition, the former guards were all Indian, and there were Chinese guards since 1930. In order to facilitate management, the Ministry of industry of Shanghai public concession decided to appoint a Chinese deputy warden. On December 14, 1935, a special message was published in Shenbao to conduct public recruitment on the condition that "the age must be between 28 and 40 years old, preferably unmarried, with experience in army, Navy, police or prison affairs, but those over 25 years old are not required to be specially qualified... For details of all the terms of appointment and services, please ask the director of Fuzhou Road police All inquiries can also be addressed to the director ". This became a hot topic in Shanghai at that time. Yan Jingyao was recommended by his teacher, Mr. Guo Yunguan of Datong township (Guo was the director of the law department of Yanjing University, from Yuhuan, Zhejiang Province, and then the president of the District Court of Shanghai First Special Economic Zone). In September 1936, Yan Jingyao became the deputy warden of Tilanqiao prison. He is mainly in charge of the education and management of juvenile offenders in prison. Yan Jingyao worked in Tilanqiao prison for more than five years and left in 1942.

Yan Jingyao's rigorous scholarship, solid foundation, and continuous exploration and innovation, can break through the original framework and mode in the academic, and integrate social problems, cultural environment and crime phenomenon for investigation and research. He wrote many papers in his life and published them in Chinese and English in sociological circles, public opinion series, democracy, China Construction, new construction, new observation and other foreign language newspapers. The content involves sociology, criminology, prison science and so on. He is the author of the relationship between crime and social change in China (Peking University Press, 180000 words) and Yan Jingyao's theses (Kaiming press, 300000 words).

On May 6 and 7, 1957, as a deputy to the National People's Congress, Yan Jingyao inspected Shanghai Tilanqiao prison and Shanghai juvenile detention center in Gaoqiao Town, Pudong. Yan Jingyao carefully watched the prison houses, workshops and related facilities, and had a discussion with the staff. After returning to Beijing, he wrote the article "China's new prison system" and published it in the English version of "China Construction".

Yan Jingyao is a deputy to the first, second and third National People's Congress. Yan Jingyao has successively served as the first, second and Third Council executive director of the Central Committee of the China Association for the promotion of democracy and the fourth and fifth standing committee member of the Central Committee of the China Association for the promotion of democracy.

On January 12, 1976, Yan Jingyao died of cerebral hemorrhage in Beijing at the age of 72.

Chronology of people

He was born on July 24, 1905 in Yuyao, Shaoxing Prefecture, Zhejiang Province.

In 1924, he was admitted to the Department of Sociology of Peking Yanjing University and studied criminology.

In 1927, he volunteered as a prisoner in the first prison of Beijing, accumulating first-hand materials for the study and research of criminology.

In 1929, he graduated from the Graduate School of Yanjing University in Peking. After graduation, he stayed in school as a teaching assistant, focusing on criminology.

In 1930, he joined the Institute of Social Sciences of Academia Sinica as a research assistant.

In 1930, he went to Czechoslovakia on behalf of China to attend the 10th International prison conference. After the meeting, he stayed in Europe to visit the Soviet Union, France, Britain and other countries. After that, he went to the United States to study and study. In 1931, he enrolled in the University of Chicago.

In 1934, he received a doctorate from the University of Chicago. In the same year, he went to London to study in the Institute of social economy for half a year.

Later, he became an English teacher in Moscow foreign language school.

In January 1935, he began to work in the Institute of China Studies in Moscow, the Soviet Union.

In the autumn of 1935, he returned to China and became a professor of sociology at Peking Yanjing University.

In 1936, he went to Shanghai and served as assistant warden of the Western prison of the Ministry of industry. At the same time, he devoted himself to the study of children's crime. In the same year, he taught criminology in Soochow University.

In 1947, he returned to Yanjing University as a professor and professor of sociology

Chinese PinYin : Yan Jing Yao