Lin Xiangru

Lin Xiangru

Lin Xiangru (the year of birth and death is unknown), Shangqing of Zhao state in the Warring States period, a famous statesman and diplomat of Zhao state. There are three most important events: Zhao Mianchi and Jing Mianchi.

Lin Xiangru was the sacrificial person of the official Ling Miaoxian. When Zhao Huiwen was king, Qin Zhaowang wrote to Zhao Wang, willing to exchange 15 cities for "heshibi". Lin Xiangru was ordered to bring "heshibi" to the state of Qin. He argued with reason and resourcefulness, and finally returned to Zhao. In 279 B.C., the king of Qin and the king of Zhao met in Mianchi (now the west of Mianchi in Henan Province). He accompanied the king of Zhao Huiwen and reprimanded the powerful state of Qin face to face. He did not humiliate the state, so that the king of Zhao was not humiliated. Because of his merits, he served as the prime minister and lived in the position of honest and upright. Lianpo takes credit for himself, refuses to accept Xiangru, and is ashamed of Xiangru, and threatens to humiliate Xiangru. In order to keep the general in harmony, Lin Xiangru always avoided tolerance. Lin Xiangru's spirit of national interest and self-respect moved Lianpo, so he personally went to Lin Xiangru's house to plead guilty, and they became friends.

Life of the characters

Miao Xian's recommendation

During the Warring States period, King Zhao Huiwen got the He Shi Bi of Chu state. When King Zhao of Qin heard about it, he sent a letter to King Huiwen of Zhao, saying that he was willing to exchange 15 cities for this treasure. King Zhao Huiwen discussed with general Lian Po and his ministers that if he gave Baoyu to the state of Qin, it would be impossible for the city of Qin to get it. If he didn't, he was afraid that the Qin army would attack immediately. I'm not sure how to solve this problem. I want to find a messenger who can be sent to the state of Qin to reply, but I can't find it.

Ling Miao Xian, an official, said, "my disciple Lin Xiangru can be sent." How do you know he can Miao Xian replied, "my minister once committed a crime and secretly planned to flee to the state of Yan. My guest Lin Xiangru stopped me and said," how can you understand the king of Yan? " I said to him, "I once accompanied the king to meet with King Yan on the border. King Yan held my hand in private and said," I'd like to make a friend with you. ". So I know him, so I want to go to him. " Lin Xiangru said to me: "Zhao Guoqiang, Yan Guoqiang, and you are favored by Zhao Huiwen, so Yan Wang wants to make friends with you. Now you are running away from Zhao state to Yan state. Yan state is afraid of Zhao state. In this situation, the king of Yan will not dare to take you in, and will bind you back to Zhao state. You might as well take off your coat, show your shoulders and back, lie down under the edge of the axe and ask for punishment. Maybe you'll get away with it. " The minister listened to his advice, and the king was gracious and pardoned him. In private, I think this man is a warrior and resourceful, so it is appropriate to send him as an envoy. "

So King Zhao Huiwen immediately summoned Lin Xiangru and asked him, "King Qin Zhao asked for my heshibi in exchange for 15 cities. Can you give it to him?" Lin Xiangru said: "Qin Guoqiang, Zhao Guoqiang, can not but agree to it." King Zhao Huiwen said, "if you get my Baobi and don't give me the city, what should you do?" Lin Xiangru said: "if the state of Qin asks to exchange the city for Bi, if Zhao does not agree, the state of Zhao is at fault; if the state of Zhao gives Bi and the state of Qin does not give the city to Zhao, the state of Qin is at fault. If we weigh the two countermeasures, we'd rather agree to it and let the state of Qin bear the responsibility for the losses. " Zhao Huiwen said, "who can be appointed as an envoy?" Lin Xiangru said: "if the king really has no one to send, he is willing to take Baobi as an envoy. If the city belongs to the state of Zhao, I will leave Baobi to the state of Qin. If the city cannot belong to the state of Zhao, I will take heshibi back to the state of Zhao in good condition. " So King Huiwen sent Lin Xiangru to take heshibi to the west to enter Qin Dynasty.

to return a thing intact to its owner

King Qin Zhao sat on the zhangtai to meet Lin Xiangru. Lin Xiangru presented his Bi to King Qin Zhao. King Zhao of Qin was so happy that he gave Baobi to his wife and concubines and left and right servants. They all cried long live. Lin Xiangru saw that King Zhao of Qin didn't use the city to compensate the state of Zhao, so he went forward and said, "there is a small red spot on the wall. Let me show it to the king."

King Zhao of Qin handed Bi to him. Lin Xiangru held Bi Yu in his hand and stood back a few steps. He leaned against the pillar. He was furious and said to King Zhao, "if you want to get Baobi, you should send someone to send a letter to King Huiwen of Zhao. King Huiwen of Zhao called together all the ministers to discuss. Everyone said," the state of Qin is insatiable of corruption. Relying on its power, if you want to get Baobi with empty words, you can't give it to our city I got it. " The result of the discussion was that he didn't want to give Baobi to the state of Qin. I don't think the common people cheat each other, let alone big countries! Moreover, for the sake of a piece of jade, it should not make the powerful state of Qin unhappy. So after five days of fasting, Zhao Wang Zhai sent me to worship and deliver the national documents in the palace with treasure. Why? It's respect for the prestige of a big country. Now I come to your country, but the king is very arrogant in the general audience. When he gets Baobi, he passes it on to his concubines to watch, so as to tease me. I observed that the king had no sincerity to give the 15th city of King Zhao, so I took back Baobi. If you must force me, my head will be smashed on the pillar with Baobi today! " Lin Xiangru, holding Baobi, squints at the court pillar and is about to bump into it. Fearing that he would smash Baobi, King Zhao of Qin apologized to him and insisted that he should not do so. He called in the officials in charge to check the map and indicated that 15 cities from a certain place to a certain place would be delivered to the state of Zhao.

Lin Xiangru estimated that the king of Qin Zhao only pretended to give the city of Zhao by deception. In fact, it was impossible for the state of Zhao to get it, so he said to the king of Qin Zhao, "he Shi Bi is a treasure recognized by the whole world. The king of Zhao is afraid of your country and dare not not give it away. The king of Zhao fasted for five days before he sent Bi. Now the king should also fast for five days and arrange a nine guest ceremony in the hall. Only then can I offer Baobi. " King Zhao of Qin estimated that this matter could not be seized by force after all, so he agreed to fast for five days and asked Lin Xiangru to stay in Guangcheng hotel. Lin Xiangru estimated that although King Zhao of Qin promised to fast, he would not give it to the city. So he sent his followers to put on coarse linen clothes, hide Baobi in his arms, escape from the path and send Baobi back to the state of Zhao.

After five days of fasting, King Zhao of Qin arranged a nine guest ceremony in the hall to invite Lin Xiangru, an envoy of the state of Zhao. After Lin Xiangru arrived, he said to King Zhao of Qin, "none of the twenty monarchs of Qin state since Mu Gong has adhered to the covenant. I'm really afraid of being cheated by the king and I'm sorry for King Zhao Huiwen, so I sent someone to take Baobi back to the state of Zhao from the path. Moreover, when Qin was strong and Zhao was weak, the king sent an envoy to Zhao, and Zhao Guoli immediately sent Baobi. Now, with the power of Qin state, you cede 15 cities to Zhao state. How dare Zhao state leave Baobi to offend the king? I know that the crime of deceiving the king should be killed. I'd rather be cooked in oil. I just hope that the king and the ministers will consider this matter carefully. " King Zhao of Qin and his ministers looked at each other in surprise. Someone wanted to pull Lin Xiangru down. King Zhao of Qin took the opportunity to say, "if you kill Lin Xiangru now, you still can't get Baobi. Instead, you destroy the friendship between Qin and Zhao. Why don't you treat him well and let him go back to Zhao? Will King Huiwen of Zhao cheat Qin for a piece of Biyu?" Finally, he met Lin Xiangru in the hall and finished the ceremony to let him return home.

After Lin Xiangru returned home, Zhao Huiwen thought that he was a competent doctor. As an envoy, he would not be bullied by the princes, so he made Lin Xiangru a superior doctor. The state of Qin didn't give the cities to the state of Zhao, and the state of Zhao never gave them to the state of Qin.

Mianchi League

In 282 BC, Bai Qi, a general of the state of Qin, captured two parts of the state of Zhao. The next year, the state of Qin sent troops to capture the Shicheng of the state of Zhao. Another year later, the state of Qin attacked the state of Zhao again, and the two countries fought. The state of Zhao lost more than 20000 troops, but the offensive of the Qin army was also stopped.

In 279 B.C., King Zhao of Qin wanted to make peace with the state of Zhao so as to concentrate his strength on attacking the state of Chu. So he sent envoys to the state of Zhao and asked King Hui Wen of Zhao to meet in Mianchi, outside the Xihe River, to cultivate friendship with each other.

King Zhao Huiwen was afraid of the state of Qin and didn't want to go. Lian Po and Lin Xiangru deliberated: "if the king doesn't go, he will be weak and timid." So King Zhao Huiwen went to the meeting with Xiangru. Lian Po sent him to the border and said to Zhao Huiwen: "it's estimated that the journey and the etiquette of the meeting will be over, and the time for his return will not exceed 30 days. If you haven't come back in 30 days, please allow us to make the prince king, so as to cut off the delusion of the state of Qin. " King Zhao Huiwen agreed, so he went to Mianchi to meet with King Qin Zhao.

When King Zhao of Qin was drinking, he said, "I have heard that King Zhao likes music in private. Please play the zither." The king of Zhao Huiwen bounced up. The historian of the state of Qin came forward and wrote: "on a certain day and a certain year, the king of Qin and the king of Zhao drank together and made the king of Zhao play the harp." Lin Xiangru came forward and said, "King Zhao privately heard that King Qin was good at local music. Please let me hold fou for King Qin so as to entertain each other." King Qin Zhao was angry and refused. At this time, Lin Xiangru handed over wa fou and knelt down to ask Qin Zhaowang to play. King Zhao of Qin refused to attack fou. Xiangru said, "in these five steps, Lin Xiangru will splash the blood in his neck on the king!" The attendants want to kill Xiangru. Lin Xiangru opens his eyes and shouts. The attendants are scared back.

At that time, King Zhao of Qin was not happy, so he had to knock fou. Xiangru went back to greet the historian of Zhao state and wrote: "on a certain day and a certain year, the king of Qin knocked fou for the king of Zhao." The ministers of the state of Qin said, "please use the fifteen cities of the state of Zhao to present a gift to King Zhao of Qin." Lin Xiangru also said: "please use Xianyang of the state of Qin to present a gift to King Huiwen of Zhao." Until the end of the banquet, King Zhao of Qin failed to defeat the state of Zhao. Zhao had also deployed a large number of troops to guard against Qin, so Qin did not dare to do anything.

Will make peace

After the Mianchi meeting, Lin Xiangru was granted the title of "Shangqing" because of his great contribution, ranking above Lianpo.

Lian po said:

Chinese PinYin : Lin Xiang Ru