Lu Yongxiang

Lu Yongxiang

Lu Yongxiang (1867-1933), formerly known as Lu Zhenhe, was born in Jiyang, Shandong Province, China. He was one of the representatives of the warlords in Anhui Province.

Life of the characters

Lu Yongxiang's family was poor when he was a child. He had only been a private school for three years.

He joined Shanhaiguan military school in 1887 and joined the army in 1890.

In 1895, he was admitted to Beiyang military preparation school. After graduation, he was employed by Yuan Shikai as an officer of the new army. When he was training in Tianjin small station, he became close friends with Duan Qirui and Wang Shizhen, and later became the backbone of warlords in Anhui Department. During the period, he served as an officer of the Huai army, and later as a leader of the right military of the Wuwei.

In 1899, Lu Yongxiang went to Shandong with Yuan Shikai to suppress the Boxer Movement. He served as the leader of the right Camp of the vanguard of Shandong Wuwei right army and the assistant commander of the twenty towns of Beiyang. As a result of the suppression of luanzhou uprising army meritorious service, has increased the rank of commander in chief, governor, deputy Dutong.

In 1902, he was commander of the Fourth Battalion of the left wing infantry. Later, the Beiyang standing army was expanded into six towns, and successively served as the commander of the second town, the eleventh Association of the sixth Town, and the fifth Association of the third town of the army, stationed in Fengtian, Jinzhou, Changchun and other places.

After the outbreak of the revolution of 1911, Lu Yongxiang followed the third town to control Cao Kun's entry into the pass. He was ordered to go to Jingxing and Guguan areas of Hebei Province to suppress the revolution. He added the ranks of chief soldier and governor to his "merit" and awarded the name of "batulu".

After the founding of the Republic of China, he served as the commander of the 10th division of the army, the deputy and envoy of the Songhu garrison, the general manager of Jiangsu military affairs, and the supervisor of Zhejiang military affairs.

After supporting Yuan Shikai as emperor in 1915, he was granted the title of first-class baron.

After Yuan Shikai died in 1916, he joined Duan Qirui and became one of the warlords in Anhui.

In January 1917, he was promoted to Songhu garrison envoy.

After the failure of Zhang Xun's restoration, Duan Qirui regained the power of the Beijing government. In order to expand the influence of Anhui, he appointed Lu Yongxiang as Songhu garrison envoy and Jiangsu provincial military affairs council office. Duan decided to invade Hunan, level Guangdong and explore Yunnan at the same time. He planned to appoint Lu Yongxiang as commander in chief of the front army of Hunan and Guangdong. Because of the opposition of the direct forces, he had to leave Lu Yongxiang in Shanghai to cope with the unexpected events in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River at any time.

In August 1919, Lu Yongxiang was transferred to Zhejiang provincial governor.

After the direct Anhui war in 1920, the influence of the Anhui faction was greatly weakened, and Lu Yongxiang became the main pillar of the Anhui faction. In order to fight against the direct warlords and maintain the territory of Zhejiang, Lu Yongxiang issued a telegram on June 4, 1921, advocating that "each province should make its own Provincial Constitution and realize local autonomy", and set up a "provincial constitution Drafting Committee" in Zhejiang.

In June 1922, Lu Yongxiang announced that Zhejiang would abolish the governor himself, and he would be appointed as the supervisor of the aftermath of Zhejiang. Lu's power was supported and responded by local warlords in the south.

After the first Zhifeng war in 1922, the direct warlords controlled the Beijing government. In order to maintain the territory of Zhejiang and Shanghai, Lu Yongxiang and he Fenglin contacted Zhang zuolin and Sun Yat Sen and formed a "triangle anti direct alliance". In 1924, Qi Xieyuan, the governor of Jiangsu Province, was appointed commander-in-chief of the Zhejiang Shanghai coalition because of the "Jiangsu Zhejiang war" in which he fought for Shanghai. Because sun Chuanfang sent troops from Fujian to cooperate with Qi Xieyuan to attack Zhejiang on a large scale, and the Lu army mutinied, the Zhejiang Shanghai army was defeated. Lu Minxiang and sun yongsong ordered that Qi Yuanfang, a military inspector of Zhejiang Province, be removed from the post of military Commissioner of Zhejiang Province. Without a foothold, Lu Yongxiang was forced to flee to Japan with he Fenglin and Zang Zhi on October 13.

In October 1924, general Feng Yuxiang launched a coup in Beijing. The second Zhifeng war broke out. Wu Peifu was defeated and Cao Kun was trapped. He overthrew the lineal rule and supported Duan Qirui to establish an interim government. The power of the Beiyang government fell to Duan Qirui and Zhang zuolin. Zhang zuolin's army went south, defeated Qi Xieyuan and occupied Jiangsu and Anhui. Lu immediately set out from Japan to return home after hearing the news, and was soon appointed by the provisional executive government to supervise the aftermath of Zhili military affairs. At the time of the collapse of the Chengzhi system, Fengjun expanded its territory to the south.

In December 1924, Zhang Zongchang's troops of Fengjun attacked Qi Xieyuan of Jiangsu Province. Duan Qirui sent Lu Yongxiang to the south to restore the territory of Anhui Province. Lu Yongxiang was appointed Xuanfu envoy of Jiangsu and Anhui provinces.

In December 1924, sun Chuanfang counterattacked Jiangsu and Anhui and drove away Fengjun.

On January 10, 1925, after Lu arrived in Nanjing, he organized Xuanfu army and served as Jiangsu military affairs supervisor.

In August 1925, Lu Yongxiang resigned due to the exclusion of the Fengxi warlord and lived in seclusion in Tianjin. He died in Tianjin in 1933 at the age of 67.

Main achievements

After more than 40 years abroad, he seldom went home, but he had a strong sense of local culture. He had invested in the construction of dams, schools, civil and criminal detention centers, and printing Jiyang County annals.

Chinese PinYin : Lu Yong Xiang