Donitz

Karl Donitz

Karl Doenitz (September 16, 1891 - December 24, 1980) was born in the small town of greennaugh, a suburb of Berlin, Germany. He was an outstanding German Naval General, famous strategist, commander in chief, German president, supreme commander in chief of the national defense force and Admiral during the Second World War.

Carl Donitz was born in Berlin on September 16, 1891. In World War I, he served as submarine captain and was captured by the British in October 1918. It was not until 1920 that he returned to Germany and joined the German Navy again. After returning to China, Donitz devoted himself to studying submarine tactics, studying submarines, training submarine personnel, and reviving German submarine forces. After the beginning of World War II, Donitz became the commander of German submarine forces. He invented "wolf pack tactics.". Using this tactic, the Allies lost 2491 ships. In January 1943, Donitz served as commander in chief of the Navy, and was awarded the rank of Marshal in the same year. On January 30, 1944, Hitler gave him a gold Nazi constitution, so he thought he was an honorary member of the Nazi party. On April 20, 1945, Donitz was appointed commander of the German northern army and civil defense. On April 30, 1945, Hitler committed suicide and left a political will before his death. In the will, dennitz was appointed president of the German Empire and supreme commander of the national defense forces. At the Nuremberg trial, Donitz was sentenced to 10 years in prison. On October 1, 1956, Donitz was released and lived in a village in northern Germany. After his release from prison, he continued to publicize the Nazi spirit and vengeance. On December 24, 1980, Donitz died of heart disease at the age of 89. He was the last of 27 marshals (1 imperial marshal, 19 army marshals, 2 NAVY marshals and 5 air marshals) in Germany during World War II.

Biography of characters

Karl Doenitz (1891-1980) was the commander-in-chief of the Nazi German Navy. During the Second World War, he was the commander-in-chief of the Navy, President and commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

Greenitz, a suburb of Berlin, was born on January 16, 1899. My mother died early. His father is an engineer. He always urges him to study hard and cultivate his interest in learning.

In April 1910, after graduating from Weimar high school, Donitz joined the German Navy. First he received on-board training on the cruiser helta, and then he was admitted to the freundsburg mowick Naval School. After graduating in the autumn of 1912, he was assigned to the cruiser brazilau as a reserve officer. In the winter of that year, when the Balkan War broke out, Donitz went with his ship to the Mediterranean Sea to take part in the blockade of the port of Black Hills, boasting to the Serbs supported by Russia. In May of the next year, he took part in the landing operation of Western powers in Albania and prevented the Serbs from settling down on the Adriatic Sea. He was captured after attacking a British merchant ship on October 4, 1918.

In the POW camp, he began to study a new submarine tactics, namely "wolf pack tactics". This tactic posed a great threat to the maritime transportation of Britain, the United States and other countries in the Atlantic Ocean at the beginning of the Second World War, so it was called "the ferocious Sea Lord" by the Allied forces.

Chronology of people

Chronology of life

September 16, 1891: born in greennaugh, a small town near Berlin, lost his mother when he was young;

1910: joined the German Navy as a trainee sailor of the cruiser "Lufthansa" of the imperial fleet;

In the autumn of 1912, he served as an alternate officer of the navy of the cruiser "Breslau";

October 1916: served as a second lieutenant in the u-39 submarine of the German Navy;

February 1917: participated in the first World War as the captain of u-68 submarine;

October 1918: captured by the British army in the naval battle and imprisoned in Yorkshire POW camp;

July 1919: returned to Germany and joined the Navy again;

1935: commander of the first zone of Nazi German submarine fleet;

1936: Commander in chief of the Navy submarine force;

In January 1943, he served as commander in chief of the Navy and was awarded the rank of Marshal in the same year;

May 1, 1945: head of state and supreme commander of Nazi Germany;

May 2, 1945: a new government was formed in milvik frensburg;

May 8, 1945: signed unconditional surrender on behalf of Nazi Germany;

May 23, 1945: arrested by British authorities;

October 1946: sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment at the international military tribunal in Nuremberg;

1956: he was released from prison and continued to carry out Pro Nazi and revenge propaganda in West Germany; December 24, 1980: he died of illness.

Chronology of military ranks

Trainee Officer: April 15, 1911

Second Lieutenant: September 27, 1913

Lieutenant: March 22, 1916

Captain: January 1, 1921

Major: November 1, 1928

Lieutenant Commander: October 1, 1933

Captain: October 1, 1935

Brigadier General: 28 January 1939

Rear admiral: October 1, 1939

Admiral: September 1, 1940

Admiral: March 14, 1942

Marshal: January 30, 1943

President of the imperial Federation: April 30, 1945

Life of the characters

Early career

Carl dunnitz was born in GR ü NAU, a small town on the outskirts of Berlin, on September 16, 1891. He had a brother, Friedrich, whose father, Emil D & ouml; Nitz, was an engineer in a factory. When dunnitz was 4 years old, his mother, Anna Beyer, died. In 1910, Donitz joined the kaiserliche marine and became a naval Cadet on April 4. On April 15, 1911, he was promoted to a naval trainee officer and served on the cruiser Hertha for one year. In the autumn of 1912, Donitz was appointed acting second lieutenant in the navy of the cruiser Breslau.

the First World War

In 1914, the first World War broke out. Breslau and goeben were sold to the Ottoman Empire and renamed midilli and Yavuz Sultan Selim respectively. With the midilli, Donitz took part in the battle against Russia and accumulated practical experience. On March 22, 1916, Donitz was promoted to the rank of lieutenant and then sent to Garibaldi as an aircraft observer. In May, Donitz married Ingeborg Weber, the daughter of a German officer. In October of the same year, Donitz was transferred to the submarine force of the German Navy. In 1918, as a duty officer of the u-39 submarine, he cruised at sea from February to October of 1917 and performed well. In February 1918, he served as the captain of the UC-25 submarine, sank five transport ships and won the Ritter Kreuz; in July, he served as the captain of the ub-68 submarine. When he attacked the Mediterranean merchant ship group of Britain on October 4, he was heavily damaged by the convoy and was captured in Yorkshire for 10 months.

Naval Research

The first World War ended on November 11, 1918, but Donitz was not released until July 1919. He stayed in England until 1920 when he returned to Germany and joined the German Navy again. Under the restriction of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany can only have a very small navy, not submarines, and only 1500 naval personnel. As a lieutenant, dennitz was promoted to the rank of major of t-157 torpedo boat in the national navy of the Weimar Republic on November 1 of the same year. On September 1, 1933, Donitz was promoted to lieutenant colonel. In September 1934, Donitz became commander of the Emden light cruiser. After the British German naval agreement was signed between Germany and Britain in 1935, Germany was able to own submarine forces. In October 1935, Donitz returned to serve in the submarine forces and was promoted to colonel; in the same year, the "national navy" of the Weimar Republic was renamed "war navy". After returning to China, Donitz devoted himself to studying submarine tactics, making use of the experience of World War I and cooperation with foreign countries during the inter war period, privately developing submarine research and training submarine personnel, and reviving German submarine forces.

At that time, the German naval theory was based on the idea of Alfred Sayer Mahan, an American strategist, who advocated the combination of submarines and surface ships to attack the enemy fleet. In November 1937, Donitz began to believe that a large-scale trade sabotage War (i.e., "war of destruction") was feasible, especially for the Royal Navy, the main opponent of the German Navy. He believed that the fleet form of the German navy must be changed from surface ships to submarines, and his strategy was to attack the merchant fleet which was much safer than the combat fleet. He pointed out that the vast majority of the materials needed by the British mainland were transported back to the mainland by the open sea colonies (Britain consumed 75% of oil, 88% of iron ore, 95% of copper, 99% of lead, 89% of wheat and 84% of meat every year, relying on imports. The total volume of shipping materials each year exceeded 68 million tons, and 2500 British transport ships sailed on the sea every day) Rely on the merchant fleet to fight them

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