Wu Zhongxi

Wu Zhongxi

Wu Zhongxi (1895-1983), born in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, graduated from the third phase of Baoding military academy. During the northern expedition, he served as the division commander of the fourth Iron Army. On the eve of the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he secretly joined the Communist Party of China. For a long time, he lurked in the Kuomintang army, engaged in espionage work, and served as the military law enforcement supervisor of the fourth theater command. Wu Shi, the chief of the general staff of the war zone, once instigated rebellion. After the founding of new China, he successively served as acting president of Guangdong Provincial People's court, director and Secretary of the Party group of Guangdong Provincial Department of justice, vice chairman of Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, and vice chairman of Guangdong Provincial Committee of the democratic revolution.

Profile

Wu Zhongxi, born in 1895 in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, graduated from the third phase of Baoding military academy. During the 1911 Revolution, he joined the student army of the northern expedition in Fujian. In 1911, he joined the 1911 Revolution led by Dr. Sun Yat Sen. During the northern expedition, he served as head of the Fourth Army, chief of staff of the division, and acting division commander of the national revolutionary army. He participated in the tingsiqiao campaign, heshengqiao campaign, and Wuchang campaign. He has made many achievements. On the eve of the Lugouqiao Incident in 1937, Wu Zhongxi, 42, secretly joined the Communist Party of China. In accordance with the party's instructions, they took advantage of the special status of senior generals of the Kuomintang to carry out underground work. During the Anti Japanese War, he served as the director of the military affairs department of the fourth war zone of the Kuomintang and the garrison commander of Shaoguan. He plotted against Wu Shi, chief of staff in the fourth World War Zone, and got a lot of military intelligence from it. After the outbreak of the civil war, Wu Zhongxi was transferred to the Nanjing Military Staff Academy as a lieutenant general. Cai Jinjun of the Military Commission accused him of corruption. Wu Shi rescued him as director of the historical data Bureau of the Ministry of national defense. Later, he served as the chief inspector general of the Ministry of defense. At this time, his position has no military power, but he can use the relationship to engage in intelligence work. According to the instructions of Pan Hannian, the then head of Southern intelligence of the Communist Party of China, Wu Zhongxi continued to lurk and act according to circumstances. In June 1948, on the eve of the battle of Huaihai, Wu Zhongxi was transferred to the post of lieutenant general of the Ministry of national defense and was sent to serve in the "Xuzhou general headquarters of suppressing bandits".

After the national liberation, he successively served as vice president and acting president of Guangdong Provincial People's court, director and Secretary of the Party group of Guangdong Provincial Department of justice, deputy director of the provincial Counselor's office, standing member and Deputy Secretary General of the provincial CPPCC, vice chairman of the fifth and sixth provincial CPPCC, member of the fifth CPPCC National Committee, member of the Central Committee of the democratic revolution, and vice chairman of Guangdong Provincial Committee of the democratic revolution. He was elected deputy to the people's Congress of Guangdong Province. He died in Guangzhou on June 15, 1983 at the age of 88.

Intelligence career

Intelligence

Wu Zhongxi introduced Wu Shi at the home of Lin Hengyuan (lawyer) of the underground Party of the Communist Party of China in Shanghai to meet Wang Shao, another member of the Communist Party of China and head of the Association for the promotion of democracy. Wu Shi introduced Wu Zhongxi to meet his student, nephew of Liao Lei, a general of Guangxi, and Hu Zongxian, head of the intelligence section of Bai Chongxi's central China "bandit suppression" headquarters. Hu Zhongxi sent Wu Zhongxi the "outline map of the enemy and our forces" every week, which included both the accurate position of the Kuomintang military headquarters and the judgment of the "suppression general" in estimating the deployment of the Communist forces. Wu Zhongxi handed it to the underground Party organizations of the Communist Party of China in Shanghai and Hong Kong in time.

In 1948, the issue of the defense of the Yangtze River was gradually put on the agenda of the Kuomintang. In August, Gu Zhu, chief of the general staff, made a report on the combat readiness plan for the defense of the Yangtze River at a military conference personally presided over by Chiang Kai Shek, which covered the deployment of troops in the Yangtze Huaihe region and the Jiangnan region, as well as the plan for the second line of troops in the Jiangnan region. Wu Zhongxi was transferred once and got the chance to master the military deployment. At that time, a decisive battle was brewing in Xuzhou to the north of the Yangtze River. He was transferred to "Xuzhou bandit suppression headquarters" by the Ministry of national defense. After receiving the transfer order, he immediately reported to pan Hannian in Hong Kong. Pan instructed him to seize the opportunity to obtain core military intelligence. In the summer of 1948, before Wu Zhongxi went to Xuzhou "bandit suppression" general headquarters as a general of the Ministry of national defense, Wu Shi wrote a letter of introduction to Li Shuzheng, Liu Shi's chief of staff. Accompanied by Li Shuzheng, Wu Zhongxi obtained information about the military station, serial number and arms of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party on the xubeng battlefield from Haizhou in the East and Shangqiu in the West. He immediately returned to Shanghai and handed it back to pan Hannian, director of the Intelligence Department of the East China Bureau of the Communist Party of China.

After the end of the Huaihai Campaign in January 1949, the Yangtze River has become a stage for the two sides to compete. However, in the military base of the Kuomintang, there were great differences on the defense readiness. Relying on the support of Chiang Kai Shek, the minority represented by Tang Enbo, commander-in-chief of the Beijing Shanghai Garrison, rejected the opinion of the majority and decided not to defend the Huai River, that is, to give up the north of the Yangtze River and defend the south of the Yangtze River. This important situation was informed to Wu Zhongxi by two generals participating in the combat plan, and Wu reported it to the higher authorities immediately. Tang Enbo, who was in charge of the defense of the Yangtze River, soon issued operational orders to the ten garrison commanders along the Yangtze River to clarify the positions and tasks of each army, as well as the details of logistics supply. A staff officer (an underground member of the Communist Party of China) hiding in Tang Enbo's headquarters transmitted the news to Wu Zhongxi. Because the Shanghai intelligence line had been cut off, Wu Zhongxi flew to Hong Kong to hand over the top secret information to Liu Shengsheng and reported it to the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China by secret radio. In April, Wu Shi reported to Wu Zhongxi that he had lobbied Lin Zun, commander of the second fleet of the Kuomintang army, to vote for the Communist Party, and Lin had agreed. In late June, Wu Shi was transferred from deputy director of Fujian appeasement office to deputy director of the Ministry of national defense. On his way to Taiwan, he passed through Hong Kong and met with Wu Zhongxi and the personnel of the South China branch of the Communist Party of China at Jordan hotel. He handed over to the Kuomintang troops the number of troops in Northwest China, the location, the name of the chief of the troops, the number and equipment available, and the reorganization plan, as well as the Kuomintang troops' headquarters in Sichuan, Yunnan, Hunan, Guangdong and Fujian provinces south of the Yangtze River There are dozens of pages of documents about the formation and strength of the team to Rao Zhangfeng and Zhang Tiesheng of the South China branch.

General regret

In the TV series "lurking", Yu Zecheng finally went to Taiwan to continue lurking and became the "secret envoy" of the underground Party of the Communist Party of China. In reality, there is such a figure called "emissary No.1". He is lieutenant general Wu Shi, deputy chief of staff of the Ministry of national defense of the Kuomintang, who is arranged by the Intelligence Department of the Communist Party of China to undertake the latent task. Wu Shi was later betrayed by traitors and killed by the Kuomintang, which became a great regret in Wu Zhongxi's life.

Wu Shi is Wu Zhongxi's fellow townsman in Fuzhou, a classmate in Baoding military academy, and a colleague several times. They have a very close relationship. "His father always encouraged him to move closer to the Chinese Communist Party. On the eve of the founding of new China, my father went to Hong Kong to meet Wu Shi, who is going to Taiwan. " Wu Qun CE, Wu Zhongxi's son, said that when his father advised Wu Shi to stay, Wu Shi said that he realized too late and did too little for the people, so he went to Taiwan to do more for the people before he was exposed. But a few months later, the news came that Wu Shi's identity had been exposed. Before his death in 1983, Wu Zhongxi wrote an article entitled "memories of Wu Shi martyrs".

Keep a low profile

Wu qunji, Wu Zhongxi's son, said that his father made one-way contact strictly according to organizational discipline and did not make any publicity. His family didn't know that he was an underground member of the Communist Party of China. Wu qundan, the eldest brother of the Communist Party of China since 1941, was also the Secretary of Zhou Enlai's office from 1950 to 1956. It was only on the eve of the founding of new China that an organization sent him to deliver information for his father that he realized that his father was also a fellow traveler. It was not until 1955, after the decision of the organization, that the identity of this 18 year old Party member emerged.

Wu Zhongxi's eight children, the oldest 90 years old and the youngest 65 years old, are government officials, experts and scholars, as well as ordinary industrial workers. Wu qunji said: "my father lived a frugal life and spent 65 years with his mother. Our eight brothers and sisters grew up healthily under his words and deeds, and he never interfered in the work arrangements of his children. "

Chinese PinYin : Wu Zhong Xi